Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

Table of Notes

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            <s xml:id="echoid-s9299" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="104" file="0110" n="119" rhead="LIBRO"/>
            queſti in Argo antica città ſeceà caſo di quella maniera il Tempio di Giunone. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9300" xml:space="preserve">Dapoi delle ſteſſe maniere non eſ-
              <lb/>
            ſendo anchor nata la ragione delle Simmetrie, fece i tempi nelle altre Citta della Achaia. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9301" xml:space="preserve">Ma poigli Athenieſi per le
              <lb/>
            riſpoſte del Delfico Apollo di uniuerſal conſiglio di tutta la Grecia conduſſero tredici colonie in uno iſteſſo tempo
              <lb/>
            in Aſia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9302" xml:space="preserve">crearono i capi, e condottieri in ciaſcuna colonia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9303" xml:space="preserve">diedero la ſomma dello Imperio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9304" xml:space="preserve">gouerno ad lone
              <lb/>
            figliuolo di Xuto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9305" xml:space="preserve">di Creuſa, ilquale per le riſpoſte Apollo in Delfo ſuo figliuolo uolle chiamare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9306" xml:space="preserve">coſtui conduſ-
              <lb/>
            ſe in Aſia quelle colonic & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9307" xml:space="preserve">iui ſabricò grandisſime Citta. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9308" xml:space="preserve">Epheſa, Mileto, Mionta, che gia fu dalle acque ſorbita, i
              <lb/>
            ſacriſicij, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9309" xml:space="preserve">ſuſſragio dellaquale gli Ionij attribuirono à Mileſij, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9310" xml:space="preserve">Priene, Samo, Teo, Colofona, Chio, Erithra,
              <lb/>
            Phocea, Clazomene, Lebede, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9311" xml:space="preserve">Melite. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9312" xml:space="preserve">A queſta Melite per l’arroganza de cittadini ſu dalle gia dette Città per
              <lb/>
            commune deliberatione moſſa la guerra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9313" xml:space="preserve">ne fu ancho roinata, in luogo dellaquale per beneſicio del Re Attalo da-
              <lb/>
            poi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9314" xml:space="preserve">de Arſinoe la Città de Smirnei tra quelle della Ionia è ſtata riceuuta. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9315" xml:space="preserve">Queſte Città hauendo ſcacciati i Cari,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9316" xml:space="preserve">i Lelegi nominarono Ionia quella regione di terra dalloro capo Ione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9317" xml:space="preserve">iui ponendo i Tempi de gli Dei immor-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0110-01" xlink:href="note-0110-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            tali, cominciarono à fabricare alcuni Tẽpietti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9318" xml:space="preserve">prima come uidero in Achaia ſecero il Tempio di Apollo detto Pan
              <lb/>
            nionio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9319" xml:space="preserve">quello Dorico nominarono, perche da prima lo uidero fatto nella Città di Dorieſi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9320" xml:space="preserve">Ma uolendo porre in
              <lb/>
            quel Tempio le colonne, non hauendo le Simmetrie di quelle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9321" xml:space="preserve">cercando con che ragioni far le poteſſero, accio-
              <lb/>
            che, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9322" xml:space="preserve">à ſoſtentar il peſo Idonee fuſſero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9323" xml:space="preserve">approuata bellezza teneſſero nello aſpetto, miſurarono la pianta del pie-
              <lb/>
            de uirile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9324" xml:space="preserve">di quella groſſezza, di che fecero la Baſa del fuſto inferiore ſei fiate tanto leuarono in altezza quella da
              <lb/>
            terra col capitello. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9325" xml:space="preserve">Et coſi la colonna Dorica cominciò dare ne gli Ediſicij proportione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9326" xml:space="preserve">ſermezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9327" xml:space="preserve">bellezza
              <lb/>
            del corpo humano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9328" xml:space="preserve">Appreſſo dapoi cercando di ſabricar un Tempio à Diana, da gli iſtesſi ueſtigi trasferirono no-
              <lb/>
            ua ſorma di maniera alla ſueltezza muliebre, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9329" xml:space="preserve">prima ſecero la groſſezza della colonna per la ottaua parte dell’altez
              <lb/>
            za, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9330" xml:space="preserve">accioche teneſſero l’aſpetto piu alto alla Baſa ſottopoſero la ſpira in luogho del calceo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9331" xml:space="preserve">al capitello impoſero
              <lb/>
            le uolute pendenti dalla deſtra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9332" xml:space="preserve">dalla ſiniſtra, come creſpi cincinni della chioma, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9333" xml:space="preserve">ornarono le ſronti con ondule,
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0110-02" xlink:href="note-0110-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            che gole riuerſcie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9334" xml:space="preserve">cõ feſtoni che encarpi ſi dicono, cioe ſrutti raccolti inſieme, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9335" xml:space="preserve">foglie collegate, in uece di capel-
              <lb/>
            li diſpoſti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9336" xml:space="preserve">per tutto lo tronco della colonna al baſſo laſciarono andare le ſcannellature come ſalde delle ueſtimen
              <lb/>
            ta all’uſanza delle matrone, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9337" xml:space="preserve">coſi con due differenze imitarono la inuentione delle colonne, una ſchietta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9338" xml:space="preserve">nuda
              <lb/>
            ſenza ornamento, che era di ſpecie uirile, l’altra di muliebre ſottigliezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9339" xml:space="preserve">ornamento, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9340" xml:space="preserve">miſura. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9341" xml:space="preserve">Ma quelli, che
              <lb/>
            uennero dapoi con eleganza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9342" xml:space="preserve">ſottigliezza di giudicio andarono piu inanzi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9343" xml:space="preserve">dilettandoſi di moduli piu ſottili,
              <lb/>
            fecero l’altezza della colonna Dorica, di ſette diametri della groſſezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9344" xml:space="preserve">la Ionica diotto, è mezzo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9345" xml:space="preserve">Et quello, che
              <lb/>
            gli Ioni da prima fecero Ionico è ſtato nominato. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9346" xml:space="preserve">Ma il terzo, che Corinthio ſi chiama, è preſo dalla imitatione del-
              <lb/>
            la gentilezza uirginale, imperoche le Vergini per la tenerezza dell’età eſſendo di piu ſuelte membra formate riceue-
              <lb/>
            no piu leggiadri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9347" xml:space="preserve">gratioſi effetti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9348" xml:space="preserve">Ma del capitello Corinthio in queſto modo ſi narra eſſer ſtata fatta la inuentio-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0110-03" xlink:href="note-0110-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            ne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9349" xml:space="preserve">Vna Vergine cittadina di Corintho gia da marito eſſendo inferma uenne à morte, la notrice di quella hauendo
              <lb/>
            raccolto inſieme que uaſi, de iquali la Vergine uiuendo ſi dilettaua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9350" xml:space="preserve">poſtoli in un ceſto, dapoi che ſu ſepelita, quelli
              <lb/>
            al monumento fece portare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9351" xml:space="preserve">porli da capo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9352" xml:space="preserve">accioche piu longamente reſtaſſero u’impoſe una tegola, il ceſto
              <lb/>
            per ſorte ſu poſto ſopra una radice d’Acanthò (cioe branca Vrſina) in quel mezzo la radice dal peſo oppreſſa mandò
              <lb/>
            fuori da primauera i rittorti cauli, queſti creſcendo longo i lati del ceſto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9353" xml:space="preserve">da gli anguli della tegola, per la neceſ-
              <lb/>
            ſità del peſo ſpinti in fuori conſtretti furono nelle ultime parti delle uolute piegarſi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9354" xml:space="preserve">Allhora Calimacho, ilquale per
              <lb/>
            la eleganza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9355" xml:space="preserve">ſottigliezza dell’arte, fu da gli Athenieſi Cachizotecnos chiamato.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9356" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9357" xml:space="preserve">Perche ſempre ſprezzaua quello, che egliſatto haueua, ne mai ſi contentaua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9358" xml:space="preserve">ſempre poliua.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9359" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9360" xml:space="preserve">Paſſando appreſſo à quel monumento, auuertendo uide quel ceſto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9361" xml:space="preserve">d’intorno la tenerezza naſcente delle ſoglie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9362" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            dilettatoſi della maniera, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9363" xml:space="preserve">della nouità della forma fece à quella ſimiglianza appreſſo i Corinthij le colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9364" xml:space="preserve">po-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0110-04" xlink:href="note-0110-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            ſe le conuenienti miſure di quelle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9365" xml:space="preserve">dapoi nelle pefettioni dlle opere ſece la diſtributione della maniera Corinthia.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9366" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9367" xml:space="preserve">Ricercherebbe un curioſo, che io citasſi in questo luogo l’auttorità di Plinio, di Pauſania, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9368" xml:space="preserve">di Strabone, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9369" xml:space="preserve">d’altri authori, per eſponere le hi-
              <lb/>
            storie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9370" xml:space="preserve">le diſcrittioni de i luoghi posti da Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9371" xml:space="preserve">ma io credo à Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9372" xml:space="preserve">per hora, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9373" xml:space="preserve">maggior negotio mi strigne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9374" xml:space="preserve">di maggiore importan-
              <lb/>
            za, che narrare l’Historie, diſcriuer i luoghi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9375" xml:space="preserve">dipigner l’herbe. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9376" xml:space="preserve">Grande occaſione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9377" xml:space="preserve">bella ci ha dato la natura, per ſare che l’arte per-
              <lb/>
            ſetta ſuſſe, quando ella ci propoſe la forma del corpo humano, percioche con il numero, coni termini, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9378" xml:space="preserve">contorni, con il ſito, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9379" xml:space="preserve">collocatio-
              <lb/>
            ne delle parti in un ſoggetto nobilisſimo ci diede eſſempio merauiglioſo di ſingular bellezza, ſece chei corpi quantunque disſimiglianti ſuſſe-
              <lb/>
            ro, nientedimeno belli, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9380" xml:space="preserve">ben ſormati, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9381" xml:space="preserve">uaghi ci pareſſero, la onde molte bellezze nate ſono, percioche con il certo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9382" xml:space="preserve">determinato nume-
              <lb/>
            ro delle parti, la natura congiunſe la corriſpondente grandezza con i termini ſuoi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9383" xml:space="preserve">niente laſciò, che in luogo propio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9384" xml:space="preserve">accommodato non
              <lb/>
            ſuſſe perche ſi trouano de i corpigentili è ſuelti, che ci porgono diletto, trouanſi de gli altri, che ſono piu ſodi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9385" xml:space="preserve">maggiori, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9386" xml:space="preserve">però non ci
              <lb/>
            diſpiaceno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9387" xml:space="preserve">ſinalmente tra questi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9388" xml:space="preserve">quelli molti altri belli ſono, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9389" xml:space="preserve">gratioſi, come che in ogni coſa ſi trouail grande, il picciolo, il medio-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0110-05" xlink:href="note-0110-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            cre, ciaſcuno con le ſue ragioni. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9390" xml:space="preserve">Ilche conſiderando l’huomo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9391" xml:space="preserve">leggendo nel libro della natura per imitarla nelle ſue compoſitioni, uolle che tre
              <lb/>
            maniere principali ſuſſero del ſabricare, conſiderando molto bene l’oſſicio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9392" xml:space="preserve">il ſine di ciaſcuna ſabrica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9393" xml:space="preserve">però quella, che alla ſatica piu po-
              <lb/>
            teſſe durare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9394" xml:space="preserve">piu ſermezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9395" xml:space="preserve">piu di ſodo haueſſe, Dorica uolle chiamare, perche prima ſu dai Dori di questo modo pigliata, ma quel-
              <lb/>
            la, che piu leggiadra, ſuelta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9396" xml:space="preserve">ſottile ſuſſe, Corinthia. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9397" xml:space="preserve">La mezzana quaſi tra ambe poſta, Ionica: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9398" xml:space="preserve">da Ione, come dice Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9399" xml:space="preserve">ma perche cia-
              <lb/>
            ſcuna haueſſe d’onde parer diletteuole è bella, cominciò con gran diligenza à conſiderare, che numero, che termini, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9400" xml:space="preserve">come ſi haueſſero le
              <lb/>
            parti à diſporre. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9401" xml:space="preserve">Vedendoſi adunque come ben diſcorrè Leone, che il Diametro del corpo humano, da l’un’ all’ altro lato, è, per la ſesta parte,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9402" xml:space="preserve">dal Bilico alle Reni perla decima della lunghezza, ſu da cio preſa la occaſione delle miſure, perche rittrouando, che ſe delle colonne altre
              <lb/>
            ſuſſero piu alte la ſesta parte, altre la decima del piede loro, per lo innato, entimento, col quale potemo giudicare, che tanta groſſezza, ò ue-
              <lb/>
            ro tanta ſottigliezza non ha del buono, cominciò à ſare l’uſſicio ſuo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9403" xml:space="preserve">diſcorrere, che coſa ſuſſe di mezzo tra questi eccesſi, the poteſſe pia-
              <lb/>
            cere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9404" xml:space="preserve">di ſubito ſi diede alla inuentione delle proportioni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9405" xml:space="preserve">coſi poſti inſieme, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9406" xml:space="preserve">accozzati quegli eccesſi, cioe ſei, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9407" xml:space="preserve">dieci in due parti la
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0110-06" xlink:href="note-0110-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            ſomma diuiſero, dalche trouarono che’l numero di otto era quello, che dal ſei, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9408" xml:space="preserve">dal dieci con eguali ſpacij s’allõtanaua, piacque la inuentio-
              <lb/>
            ne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9409" xml:space="preserve">ne riuſci la proua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9410" xml:space="preserve">pero alla longhezza della colonna diedero otto Diametri del piede, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9411" xml:space="preserve">quella (come ho detto) da gli autori Ioni-
              <lb/>
            ca nominarono. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9412" xml:space="preserve">Dapoi giugnendo il minor termine, che eraſei, con queſto otto rittrouato nouamente, ſecero una ſomma di quattordici, che
              <lb/>
            partita egualmente rendeua ſette, ſecondo ilqual numero da Dori ſu ſatta la colonna Dorica di ſette teſte, ma aggiugnendo il termine maggio
              <lb/>
            re, che era dieci, con quel di mezzo, che era otto, raccolſero diciotto, che partito in due ſaceua noue, perilche alla ſorma piu ſuelta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9413" xml:space="preserve">piu
              <lb/>
            ſottile diedero noue Diametri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9414" xml:space="preserve">Corinthia la chiamarono, perche da Corintho (che Caranto hora ſi chiama) uenne la inuentione per auuer-
              <lb/>
            timento di Callimaco Architetto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9415" xml:space="preserve">Dal numero adunque cominciarono à dar la bellezza, poi uennero al contorno ſacendo le diminutioni, le
              <lb/>
            gonſiezza, ò uentri, gli adornamenti come ſi conueniua, diſponendo le parti di ciaſcuna al luogo ſuo, ben è uero, che il ſito, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9416" xml:space="preserve">la diſpoſitione
              <lb/>
            delle parti piu preſto ſi la ſcia conoſcere, è, ſentire, quando sta male, che s’intenda come ſar ſi deggia, percioche quella è grande parte del
              <lb/>
            giudicio dell’huomo inſito da natura, bene è uero, che ci ſono alcune auuertenze, come è ſare che le coſe uadino, à piombo, che i membriri-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0110-07" xlink:href="note-0110-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            poſino ſul uiuo, il tutto naſca da terra, pariſieno le colonne ad imitatione dei piedi de gli animali, che ſempre ſon pari, diſpari l’apriture, piu
              <lb/>
            groſſe le parti da baſſo, non troppo lauorate le Doriche, ornate le loniche, ornatisſime le Corinthie, perilche non ſi può ſe non biaſimare, chi
              <lb/>
            neile opere Doriche ha posto tanta Sottilita, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9417" xml:space="preserve">uarieta di lauori, che piu non potrebbe hauer ſatto nelle Corinthie, grande ſpeſa, inutile, non
              <lb/>
            goduta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9418" xml:space="preserve">ſenza Decoro ſu ſatta, ſe bene alcun diceſſe eſſer opera compoſta. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9419" xml:space="preserve">A me la ragione da ardire & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9420" xml:space="preserve">la iſperienza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9421" xml:space="preserve">cognitione di
              <lb/>
            alcune coſe de gli antichi, lequali quando erano poste lontane dall’occhio erano ſolamente ſgroſſate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s9422" xml:space="preserve">piu che s’ auuicinauano piu eran ſinite,
              <lb/>
            a@ziſi legge, che per lo pericolo, che eranel drizzar le colonne, ſi ſoleua prima drizzarle, et poilauorarle, accioche lauorate, ſe@per caſo </s>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>