Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

Table of Notes

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          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14652" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="176" file="0186" n="195" rhead="LIBRO"/>
            fabricare laſciar dinanzi alle porte un luogo uacuo, che non era parte della caſa, ma bene conduceua alla caſa, doue ſtauano i Clienti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14653" xml:space="preserve">quel
              <lb/>
            li, che ueniuano per ſalutar i grãdi, fin che erano admesſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14654" xml:space="preserve">ſi poteua dire, che ne erano in caſa, ne ſuori di caſa. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14655" xml:space="preserve">Queſto luogo era detto
              <lb/>
            Veſtibulo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14656" xml:space="preserve">era di gran dignità, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14657" xml:space="preserve">adornato di loggie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14658" xml:space="preserve">di ſpatij. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14659" xml:space="preserve">La ſua boneſtà era la uia, l’uſo, il poter commodamente aſpettare, il pia
              <lb/>
            cere, perche iui i giouani aſpettando i principali s’eſſercitauano alla palla, alle lotti, à ſaltare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14660" xml:space="preserve">in altri eſſercitij giouanili. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14661" xml:space="preserve">Eranui le por-
              <lb/>
            te, prima le communi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14662" xml:space="preserve">queſta di ragione era una ſola ſplendida, è ricca, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14663" xml:space="preserve">adorna mirabilmente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14664" xml:space="preserve">poi altre particolari, come quella, che
              <lb/>
            ſeruiua al condurre le robbe in caſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14665" xml:space="preserve">quella del patrone ſecreta, per la quale egli ſenza eſſer ueduto poteua uſcire. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14666" xml:space="preserve">Et però dice Horatio.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14667" xml:space="preserve">Atria ſeruantẽ poſtico falle clientem, eraui l’entrata, l’Atrio, il Tablino, il peristilio per ordine. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14668" xml:space="preserve">Le ſcale ſecondo la dignità e ſorma loro bel
              <lb/>
            lisſime, commodisſime, e lucide, metteuano capo in ampie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14669" xml:space="preserve">ſpatioſe ſale, che ſcopriuano il mare, i giardini, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14670" xml:space="preserve">le uerdure, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14671" xml:space="preserve">ſotto eſſe à
              <lb/>
            pie piano erano molte loggie, è luoghi da audienze di modo, che niente ſi poteua deſiderare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14672" xml:space="preserve">Laſcio ſtare la magnificẽza, che uſauano in ogni altra
              <lb/>
            ſtanza, ne i dormitori, ne i cenacoli ſecondo le ſtagioni, nelle camere, ne i bagni, che ſarebbe coſa lunga à narrare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14673" xml:space="preserve">Haueuano riguardo ad accom
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0186-01" xlink:href="note-0186-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            modar i ſoreſtieri. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14674" xml:space="preserve">I grandi adunque haueuano ſecondo le lor qualità gli edificij, i mediocri, i mercanti, gli arteſici erano accommodati. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14675" xml:space="preserve">Le
              <lb/>
            botteghe eſſer doueuano ſopra ſtrade correnti in belle uiſte, le merci in moſtra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14676" xml:space="preserve">inuitauano gli huomini à comprare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14677" xml:space="preserve">Ecco adunque, quan-
              <lb/>
            to chiar amente Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14678" xml:space="preserve">ſi laſcia intendere per quello, che egli ba detto nel Primo Libro al ſecondo capo, quando egli dice, parlando del Decoro,
              <lb/>
            beatis, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14679" xml:space="preserve">delicatis. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14680" xml:space="preserve">qui dice forenſibus autem, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14681" xml:space="preserve">diſertis, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14682" xml:space="preserve">la doue egli dice potentes, qui dice nobilibus, qui honores, magiſtratusque geren
              <lb/>
            do. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14683" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14684" xml:space="preserve">c. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14685" xml:space="preserve">Gli A trij in Villa non erano alla prima entrata, ma dopo i periſtili, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14686" xml:space="preserve">haueuano i portichi d’initorno con bei pauimenti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14687" xml:space="preserve">coſi ſi
              <lb/>
            uede, che ancho d’intorno gli Atriij erano i portichi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14688" xml:space="preserve">Et qui ſia fine delle caſe priuate fatte nella Citta.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14689" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div476" type="section" level="1" n="73">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head73" xml:space="preserve">CAP. IX. DELLE RAGIONI DE I RVSTICALI EDIFICI,
            <lb/>
          ET DESTINTIONI DI MOLTE
            <lb/>
          PARTI DI QVELLE.</head>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14690" xml:space="preserve">HORA dirò de ruſticali ediſici come poſſono eſſer commodi all’uſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14691" xml:space="preserve">con che ragioni ſi deono fa-
              <lb/>
            re, prima li deue guardare alla ſalubrita dello aere, come s’è detto nel Primo Libro di porre le Città.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14692" xml:space="preserve">Le grandezze loro ſecondo la miſura delle poſſesſioni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14693" xml:space="preserve">le copie de i frutti ſieno comperate; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14694" xml:space="preserve">I cor
              <lb/>
            tili, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14695" xml:space="preserve">le grandezze loro al numero delle pecore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14696" xml:space="preserve">coſi quanti parà de buoi ſerà neceſſario, cheul
              <lb/>
            ſtiano biſognera determinare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14697" xml:space="preserve">Nel cortile la cucina in luogo caldis ſimo ſia poſta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14698" xml:space="preserve">habbia con-
              <lb/>
            giunte le ſtalle de i buoi, le preſepi de i quali riguardino uerſo il fuoco, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14699" xml:space="preserve">l’Oriente, perche i buoi
              <lb/>
            guardando il fuoco, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14700" xml:space="preserve">il lume non ſi fanno ombroſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14701" xml:space="preserve">timidi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14702" xml:space="preserve">coſi gli agricoltori periti delle regioni, non pen-
              <lb/>
            ſano che biſogna, che i buoi riguardino altra parte del Cielo, ſe non il naſcimento del Sole. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14703" xml:space="preserve">Le larghezze de i boui-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0186-03" xlink:href="note-0186-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            li non deono eſſer meno di piedi dieci, ne piu di quindici, La longhezza in modo, che ciaſcuno par di buoi non oc-
              <lb/>
            cupe piu di ſette piedi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14704" xml:space="preserve">I Lauatoi ſiano congiunti alla cuccina, perche à queſto modo non ſarà lontana la ammini-
              <lb/>
            ſtratione della ruſtica lauatione. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14705" xml:space="preserve">Il Torchio dell’oglio ſia prosſimo alla cuccina, perche coſi à frutti oleari ſerà com
              <lb/>
            modo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14706" xml:space="preserve">Et habbia congiunta la cantina, i lumi dellaquale ſi torranno dal Settentrione, percioche hauendogli da al-
              <lb/>
            tra parte, doue il Sole poſſa ſcaldare, il uino, che ui ſerà dentro conſuſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14707" xml:space="preserve">meſcolato dal calore ſi farà debile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14708" xml:space="preserve">men
              <lb/>
            gagliardo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14709" xml:space="preserve">I luoghi dall’oglio ſi deono porre in modo, che habbiano il lume dal mezzodi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14710" xml:space="preserve">dalle parti calde, percio
              <lb/>
            che l’oglio nõ ſi deue aggiacciare, ma per la tepedità del calore aſſottigliasſi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14711" xml:space="preserve">Le grandezze di que luoghi deono eſſer
              <lb/>
            fatte ſecondo la ragione de i frutti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14712" xml:space="preserve">il numero de i uaſi, i quali eſſendo di miſura di uenti anfore, deono per mezzo
              <lb/>
            occupare quattro piedi, Ma il torchio ſe non è ſtretto con le uiti, ma con le ſtanghe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14713" xml:space="preserve">col prelo e le traue che pre-
              <lb/>
            meno, nõ ſia men longo di quaranta piedi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14714" xml:space="preserve">coſi ſara à quelli, che lo uoltano lo ſpatio eſpedito, la larghezza ſua non
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0186-04" xlink:href="note-0186-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            ſia meno di piedi ſedici, perche coſi compiutamente ſi potrà da quelli, che fanno l’oglio uoltare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14715" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſe egli ſera luo
              <lb/>
            go per due preli, ò calcatoi ſi diano uintiquattro piedi per la lunghezza. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14716" xml:space="preserve">Gli ouili, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14717" xml:space="preserve">le ſtalle per le capre ſi deono
              <lb/>
            fare coſi grandi, che ciaſcuna pecora nõ meno di quattro piedi e mezzo, non piu di ſei poſſa occupare dilonghezza.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14718" xml:space="preserve">I Granai alzati al Settentrione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14719" xml:space="preserve">all’ Aquilone, perche à queſto modo i grani non potranno coſi preſto riſcaldarſi,
              <lb/>
            ma dal uento raſſreddati longamẽte ſi conſeruerãno, perche l’altre parti generano le pauigliole, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14720" xml:space="preserve">altre beſtiuolette,
              <lb/>
            che ſono di nocumento à i grani. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14721" xml:space="preserve">Le ſtalle de caualli ſi porranno in luoghi caldisſimi, pur che non guardino al foco,
              <lb/>
            perche quando i giumenti ſono appreſſo al foco, ſi fanno horridi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14722" xml:space="preserve">Et ancho non ſono inutili le tezze di buoi, ò pre-
              <lb/>
            ſepi, che ſi dichino, che ſi mettono oltra la cucina alla ſcoperta uerſo Leuante, perche quando la inuernata al Cielo
              <lb/>
            ſereno ſono in quelle condotti, la mattina i buoi paſcendoſi diuentano piu grasſi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14723" xml:space="preserve">I Granari, i Fenili, i luoghi da
              <lb/>
            riporre i farri, i piſtrini, ſi deono fare oltra la caſa di uilla, accioche le caſe ſiano piu ſicure dal foco. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14724" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſe nelle fabri-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0186-05" xlink:href="note-0186-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            che di uilla ſi uorrà fare alcuna coſa piu delicata, dalle miſure delle Città ſopraſcritte ſi fabricherà in modo,
              <lb/>
            che ſenza impedimento della utilità ruſticale ſia edificata. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14725" xml:space="preserve">Biſogna hauer cura, che tutti gli edifici ſiano luminoſi.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14726" xml:space="preserve">A quelli di Villa, perche non hanno pareti de i uicini, che gli impediſca facilmente ſi prouede. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14727" xml:space="preserve">Ma nelle Città, ò le
              <lb/>
            altezze de i pareti publichi, ò le ſtrettezze delluogo cõ i loro impedimenti fanno le ſtanze oſcure. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14728" xml:space="preserve">Et pero di que-
              <lb/>
            ſto coſi ſi deue far eſperienza. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14729" xml:space="preserve">Da quella parte, che ſi prende il lume, ſia tirata una linea ò filo dall’altezza del pare-
              <lb/>
            te, che par’oſtare à quelluogo, dentro ilquale biſogna poner il lume, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14730" xml:space="preserve">ſe da eſſa linea, quando ſi guardera in alto
              <lb/>
            ſi potra uedere lo ampio ſpatio del puro cielo, in quelluogo ſera il lume ſenza impedimento, ma ſe egli impediran-
              <lb/>
            no, ò traui, ò ſogliari, ò palchi apriſi dalla parte di ſopra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14731" xml:space="preserve">coſi ui ſi metta il lume. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14732" xml:space="preserve">Etin ſomma noi douemo go-
              <lb/>
            uernarſi in queſto modo, che da qualunque parte ſi puo uedere il lume del cielo, per quelle ſi deono laſciare i luoghi
              <lb/>
            alle fineſtre. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14733" xml:space="preserve">Et coſi gli edifici ſeranno lucidi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14734" xml:space="preserve">Ma l’uſo de i lumi grandisſimo ne i Triclimi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14735" xml:space="preserve">ne gli altri conclaui,
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0186-06" xlink:href="note-0186-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            come ne gli anditi, nelle diſceſe, nelle ſcale, perche in queſti luoghi ſpeſſo s’incontrano le perſone, che portano
              <lb/>
            peſi addoſſo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14736" xml:space="preserve">Io ho eſplicato quanto ho potuto le diſtributioni delle opere fatte al noſtro modo, accioche oſcure non
              <lb/>
            ſiano à chi fabrica.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14737" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14738" xml:space="preserve">Non ha uoluto Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14739" xml:space="preserve">laſciar à dietro la conſideratione della uilla, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14740" xml:space="preserve">delle ſabriche fatte ſuori della Città, imperoche non meno era neceſſario
              <lb/>
            queſto trattamento, che quello delle altra ſabriche. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14741" xml:space="preserve">Da Columella, Varrone, Catone, e Palladio ſi può trarre copioſamente, quello, che
              <lb/>
            apartiene alla uilla, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14742" xml:space="preserve">perche quelli autori aſſai diſtinti, è copioſiſono, io non uoglio à pompa citare i luoghi loro: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14743" xml:space="preserve">aſſai mi ſer à dimoſtrare in
              <lb/>
            Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14744" xml:space="preserve">i precetti del quale ſono ſtati da alcuni di quelli benisſimo oſſeruati. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14745" xml:space="preserve">Le ſabriche di Villa eſſer deono in luoghi ſani, ſono piu libere, che
              <lb/>
            quelle della Città, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14746" xml:space="preserve">molte commodità ſi deue hauere in quelle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14747" xml:space="preserve">molte dalla natura cercarne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14748" xml:space="preserve">Hanno piu, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14749" xml:space="preserve">meno stanze, ſecondo il gra-
              <lb/>
            do de gli buomini tanto per gli ſamiliari, quanto per li ſoreſtieri. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14750" xml:space="preserve">Il mediocre, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14751" xml:space="preserve">baſſo ſi deue sſorzare d’hauer in uilla buona stanza, accio
              <lb/>
            la moglie ſtia piu uolentieri à gouernar le robbe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14752" xml:space="preserve">attenda piu all’utile, che al piacere. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14753" xml:space="preserve">Al contrario i ricchi, è grandi buomini habbiano di-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0186-07" xlink:href="note-0186-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            nanzi le ſtanze loro gli ſpatij da correre, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14754" xml:space="preserve">torneare, le belle uerdure, ſiano diſeſe da uapori, da uenti, da molti, che impediſcono, non hab-
              <lb/>
            hian le ſtalle, ne i letami uicini, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14755" xml:space="preserve">ſia il tutto ſabricato con dignità. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14756" xml:space="preserve">Le ſtanze del lauoratore, ò del Gaſtaldo ſiano partite per le coſe, per
              <lb/>
            gli huomini, per gli animali, per gli ſtrumenti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14757" xml:space="preserve">L’Ara ſia al Sole, aperta, larga, battuta alquanto colma nel mezzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14758" xml:space="preserve">uicina al coperto.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14759" xml:space="preserve">il Gaſtaldo dorma appreſſo la porta maeſtra, i lauoratori ne i luoghi, che ſiano pronti à gli uſſicij loro. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14760" xml:space="preserve">La cuccina ſia ampia, chiara, ſicu-
              <lb/>
            ra dal ſuoco. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14761" xml:space="preserve">Le ſaluarobbe commode, gli animali da lauoro come ſono buoi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14762" xml:space="preserve">caualli ſiano in luoghi accomodati con le ragioni, che dice
              <lb/>
            Vilr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14763" xml:space="preserve">Similmente gli animali, che ſruttano come ſono armenti di Porci, Pecore, Pollami, Vccelli, Peſci, Colombi, Lepri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14764" xml:space="preserve">altri </s>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>