Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

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          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15721" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="187" file="0197" n="206" rhead="SETTIMO."/>
            tatura, ne mantenerla, ſe la calce ſotto poſta, non incolle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15722" xml:space="preserve">non attacche l’una, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15723" xml:space="preserve">l’altra coſa. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15724" xml:space="preserve">Indottoui quel primo
              <lb/>
            ſgroſſamento, ſe le dia in luogo d’arenato la teſtola, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15725" xml:space="preserve">tutte le altre coſe, come s’è ſcritto di ſopra nelle ragioni delle
              <lb/>
            intonicature, ma gli ornamenti della politura deono hauere propie, e particolari ragioni del Decoro, accioche hab-
              <lb/>
            biano dignità conuenienti ſi ſecondo la natura de i luoghi, come per le differenze delle maniere. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15726" xml:space="preserve">Nelle ſtanze del
              <lb/>
            uerno non è utile queſta compoſitione, ne la pittura di grande ſpeſa, ne il ſottile ornamento de i uolti, di Cornici,
              <lb/>
            perche quelle coſe è dal fumo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15727" xml:space="preserve">dalla fuligine di molti lumi ſi guaſtano, ma in queſti ſopra i poggi deono le tauole
              <lb/>
            con inchioſtro eſſer impennate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15728" xml:space="preserve">politi trappoſtoui i Cunei di ſilice, ò di terra roſſa. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15729" xml:space="preserve">Quando ſeranno eſplicate le
              <lb/>
            camere pure, e polite ancho non ſerà diſpiaceuole l’uſo delle ſtanze del uerno de i Greci ſe alcuno ui uorrà por men-
              <lb/>
            te; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15730" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15731" xml:space="preserve">queſto uſo non è ſontuoſo, ma utile, perche egli ſi caua tra’l piano liuello del Triclinio quaſi due piedi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15732" xml:space="preserve">bat-
              <lb/>
            tuto bene il ſuolo, ſi ui da, ò’l terazzo, ò il pauimento di teſtole coſi colmato, che habbia le bocche nel canale. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15733" xml:space="preserve">Da-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0197-01" xlink:href="note-0197-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            poi poſtoui ſopra i carboni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15734" xml:space="preserve">calcati ſodamente, ui ſi da una materia meſcolata di ſabbione, di calce, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15735" xml:space="preserve">di fauilla
              <lb/>
            groſſa mezzo piede poſta à regola, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15736" xml:space="preserve">à liuello, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15737" xml:space="preserve">polito il piano con la cote, ſi fa la forma del pauimento nero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15738" xml:space="preserve">coſi
              <lb/>
            ne i conuiui loro, quello, che da i uaſi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15739" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15740" xml:space="preserve">da gli ſputi loro ſi manda à terra, ſubito caduto ſi ſecca, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15741" xml:space="preserve">i ſerui, che gli
              <lb/>
            miniſtrano ſi bene ſeranno ſcalzi, non piglieranno freddo da tai pauimenti.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15742" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15743" xml:space="preserve">Qui ſi uede la mirabile industria, che uſauano gli antichi, accioche le loro fabriche duraſſero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15744" xml:space="preserve">ſi manteneſſero belle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15745" xml:space="preserve">ornate, imperoche an-
              <lb/>
            cho la doue la natura del luogo poteua impedire, ò non patiua gli abbellimenti, con arte ſi sforzauano di remediare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15746" xml:space="preserve">perche non é coſa niu-
              <lb/>
            na, che guasti piu gliedifici, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15747" xml:space="preserve">le politure, che la humidità, non ha dubbio, che quando à quella ſer à ingenioſamente prouiſto, che la bellezza
              <lb/>
            non conſegua l’effetto ſuo, pero hauendo Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15748" xml:space="preserve">fornito di darci i precetti di abbellire, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15749" xml:space="preserve">biancheggiare le opere fatte in luoghi aſciutti, nel
              <lb/>
            preſente capo ce inſegna à rimediare à i diffetti de i luoghi bumidi, il difetto dell’humido uiene, ò dal baßo per lo terreno, ò dall’alto per li mu-
              <lb/>
            ri, che ſiano appoggiati à monti, ò à terreni piu alti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15750" xml:space="preserve">Se uiene dal baſſo, biſogner à per le ſtanze à pe piano dal luogo, doue uorremo fare il pa-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0197-02" xlink:href="note-0197-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            uimento cauar ſotto tre piedi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15751" xml:space="preserve">riempire tutto il cauo di teſtole, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15752" xml:space="preserve">poi ſpianarlo bene, questa materia tenerà il luogo ſempre aſciutto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15753" xml:space="preserve">Ma
              <lb/>
            ſe per ſorte alcun muro ſerà continuamente tocco dall’humore, allhora faremo un’altro muro ſottile diſcoſto da quello quanto ci parera con-
              <lb/>
            ueniente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15754" xml:space="preserve">tra que muri ſi far à un canale piu baſſo alquanto del piano dalla ſtanza, ilquale ſboccherà in luogo aperto, laſciandoui i ſuoi ſpi-
              <lb/>
            ragli di ſopra, perche quando il canale fuſſe molto alto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15755" xml:space="preserve">che non ſe gli faceſſe queſto rimedio, non ha dubbio, che’l tutto ammarcirebbe,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15756" xml:space="preserve">ſi diſcioglierebbe, biſogna adnnque dargli le ſue bocche di ſotto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15757" xml:space="preserve">i ſuoi ſpiragli di ſopra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15758" xml:space="preserve">Drizzato adunque il muro al predetto modo,
              <lb/>
            allhora potremo ſmaltarlo, intonicarlo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15759" xml:space="preserve">polirlo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15760" xml:space="preserve">Il medeſimo rimedio ce inſegna Plinio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15761" xml:space="preserve">Palladio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15762" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſe per ſorte il luogo non puo
              <lb/>
            patire, che ſi faccia il muretto, ci baſtera farui i canali, che ſbocchino in luogo aperto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15763" xml:space="preserve">nelle margim di que canali da una parte ſopraporui
              <lb/>
            tegole alte due piedi, dall’altra farui alcuni muretti, ò pilastrelli di mattoni di due terzi di piede, ſopra iquali ſi poſſan ſopraporre gli anguli di
              <lb/>
            due tegole, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15764" xml:space="preserve">queſte tegole non ſian distanti dal parete principale piu d’un palmo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15765" xml:space="preserve">coſi ſerà fornita la fabrica del canale, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15766" xml:space="preserve">la ſua copri-
              <lb/>
            tura, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15767" xml:space="preserve">perche la humidità del muro principale poſſa entrare nel detto canale, biſogna longo il muro dal piede alla ſommità conficcare delle
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0197-03" xlink:href="note-0197-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            tegole oncinate di modo, che come hamo una entri nell’altra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15768" xml:space="preserve">ſiano queſte di dentrouia con ſomma diligenza impegolate, perche non riceui-
              <lb/>
            no l’humidità, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15769" xml:space="preserve">coſi queste tegole ſoppliranno al mancamento del muretto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15770" xml:space="preserve">faranno lo iſteſſo effetto, perche tra quelle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15771" xml:space="preserve">il muro prin-
              <lb/>
            cipale ci è fpatio conueniente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15772" xml:space="preserve">la humidità del muro ua tra quelle tegole, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15773" xml:space="preserve">il muro, pure che di ſotto ſian le ſboccature, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15774" xml:space="preserve">di ſopra gli
              <lb/>
            ſpiragli. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15775" xml:space="preserve">Fornita queſta intauelatura (dirò coſi) accioche riceua le imprimiture di teſtole biſogna ſmaltarla di calce liquida, imperoche quel-
              <lb/>
            la calce rimedia alla ſiccità delle tegole, lequali non riceuerebbeno le intonnicature, ſenza quella prima ſmaltatura. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15776" xml:space="preserve">Quello poi, che ſi debbia
              <lb/>
            dipignere in ſimili, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15777" xml:space="preserve">altriluoghi Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15778" xml:space="preserve">con gran facilità, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15779" xml:space="preserve">con belli auuertimenti ci dimoſtra, però miriporto alla interpretatione, nel
              <lb/>
            che ſi conſidera quello, che appartiene al Decoro, parla poi di una uſanza Greca di fare i pauimenti coſa bella, utile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15780" xml:space="preserve">di poca ſpeſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15781" xml:space="preserve">nel
              <lb/>
            testo è manifesta.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15782" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div527" type="section" level="1" n="83">
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
          <head xml:id="echoid-head83" xml:space="preserve">CAP. V. DELLA RAGIONE DEL DIPIGNERE
            <lb/>
          NE GLI EDIFICII.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15783" xml:space="preserve">AGLI altri Conclaui cioè di Primauera, d’Autunno, dell’Aſtate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15784" xml:space="preserve">gli Atrij, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15785" xml:space="preserve">Periſtili da gli an-
              <lb/>
            tichi ſtate ſono determinate alcune maniere di pitture per certi riſpetti, perche la pittura ſi fa im-
              <lb/>
            magine di quello, che è, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15786" xml:space="preserve">può eſſer, come dell’huomo, dello edificio, della naue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15787" xml:space="preserve">delle altre coſe,
              <lb/>
            dalle forme dellequali, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15788" xml:space="preserve">da i contorni de i corpi configurata ſimiglianza ſi pigliano gli eſſempi.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15789" xml:space="preserve">Da queſto gli antichi, che ordinarono i principi delle politezze prima imitarono la diuerſità delle
              <lb/>
            croſtc di marmo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15790" xml:space="preserve">le loro collocationi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15791" xml:space="preserve">dipoi delle Cornici, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15792" xml:space="preserve">dei uarij compartimenti di colo-
              <lb/>
            re Ceruleo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15793" xml:space="preserve">di minio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15794" xml:space="preserve">Dapoi intrarono à fare le figure de gli edificij, e delle colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15795" xml:space="preserve">imitare gli ſporti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15796" xml:space="preserve">i ri-
              <lb/>
            lieui, de i Frontiſpici, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15797" xml:space="preserve">ne i luoghi aperti, come nelle Eſſedre per l’ampiezza de i pareti diſſegnarono le fronti delle
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0197-05" xlink:href="note-0197-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            Scene all’uſanza Tragica, ò uero Comica, ò uero Satirica, ma ne i luoghi da paſſeggiare per eſſere gli ſpacij longhi ſi
              <lb/>
            diedero ad ornarli di uarietà di giardini eſprimendo le imagini di certe propietà di paeſi, perche dipingono i Porti,
              <lb/>
            le Promontore, i Liti, i Fiumi, le Fonti, gli Tratti delle Acque, i Tempi, i Boſchi Sacri, i Monti, le Pecore, i Paſtori,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15798" xml:space="preserve">in alcuni luoghi ancho ſi fanno pitture piu degne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15799" xml:space="preserve">che hanno piu fattura, che dimoſtrano ancho coſe maggio-
              <lb/>
            ri, come ſono i Simulacri de i Dei, le ordinate dichiarationi delle Fauole, le guerre Troiane, gli errori d'Vliſſe per
              <lb/>
            li luoghi & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15800" xml:space="preserve">altre coſe, che ſono con ſimigliante ragioni à quelli fatte dalla natura. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15801" xml:space="preserve">Ma quegli eſſempi, che erano tol-
              <lb/>
            ti da gli antichi da coſe uere, hora ſono con maluaggie uſanze corrotti, e guaſti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15802" xml:space="preserve">Perche nelle coperte de i muri ſi di-
              <lb/>
            pingono piu perſto i moſtri, che le certe imagini perſe da determinate coſe. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15803" xml:space="preserve">Perche in uece di colonne ui ſi pongo-
              <lb/>
            no canne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15804" xml:space="preserve">in luogo de Faſtigi fanno gli Arpagineti canellati con le foglie creſpe: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15805" xml:space="preserve">Similmentei candellieri de i Tem
              <lb/>
            pietti, che ſonſtengono le Figure, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15806" xml:space="preserve">ſopra le cime di quelli fan naſcere dalle radici i ritorti teneri con le uolute, che
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0197-06" xlink:href="note-0197-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            hanno ſenza ragioni le Figurine, che ſopra ui ſiedono. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15807" xml:space="preserve">Similmente i fioretti da i loro ſteli, che hanno mezze figure,
              <lb/>
            che eſcono da quelli altre ſimiglianti, à, i capi humani, altre à i capi delle beſtie. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15808" xml:space="preserve">Ma tal coſe, ne ſono, ne poſſon eſſer,
              <lb/>
            ne ſarãno giamai. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15809" xml:space="preserve">Coſi adunque i cattiui coſtumi hanno conſtretto, che per inertia i mali giudici chiudino gli occhi
              <lb/>
            alle uirtu dell’arti, perche come puo eſſer che una cãna ſoſtenti un coperto, ò uero un candellieri, un Tẽpietto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15810" xml:space="preserve">gli
              <lb/>
            ornamenti d’un Frontiſpicio, ò uero un faſcetto di herba coſi ſottile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15811" xml:space="preserve">molle ſoſtegna una figuretta, che ui ſtia ſo-
              <lb/>
            pra ſedendo? </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15812" xml:space="preserve">ò uero che dalle radici, e fuſti piccioli, da una parte ſiano generati i fiori, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15813" xml:space="preserve">mezze figure? </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15814" xml:space="preserve">Ma bẽche gli
              <lb/>
            huomini uedino tai coſe eſſer falſe pure ſi dilettano, ne fanno cõto ſe elle poſſono eſſer, ò nõ: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15815" xml:space="preserve">ma le mẽti offuſcate da
              <lb/>
            i giudici in fermi non poſſono approuare, quello, che è con dignità, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15816" xml:space="preserve">con riputatione del Decoro puo eſſer proua-
              <lb/>
            to, perche quelle pitture non deono eſſer approuate, che non ſeranno ſimili alla uerità ne ancho ſe bene ſeranno
              <lb/>
            fatte belle dall’arte, pero ſi deue far buon giudicio coſi preſto di quelle, ſe non haueranno certe ragioni di argomento
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0197-07" xlink:href="note-0197-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            ſenza offeſa dichiarite. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15817" xml:space="preserve">Perche ancho à Tralli hauendo Apaturio Alabandeo con ſcielta, e, buona mano finto una ſce
              <lb/>
            tra in un picciolo Theatro, che appreſſo quelli, ſi chiama Eccleſiaſtirio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15818" xml:space="preserve">hauendo in quella fatto in luogo di colon
              <lb/>
            ne le Figure, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15819" xml:space="preserve">i Centauri, che ſoſtentauano gli Architraui, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15820" xml:space="preserve">i rotondi coperti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15821" xml:space="preserve">il uoltare prominenti de i Fron-
              <lb/>
            tiſpici, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15822" xml:space="preserve">le Cornici ornate con capi Leonini, lequai coſe tutte hanno la ragione de, i, Stillicidi, che uengono da i co
              <lb/>
            perti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15823" xml:space="preserve">Oltra di queſto ſopra quella Scena era l’Epiſcenio, nelquale era l’ornato uario di tutto il tetto, i Tholi, i Pro-
              <lb/>
            nai, è i mezzi Frontiſpici. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15824" xml:space="preserve">Quando adunque l’aſpetto di quella Scena compiaceua al uedere di tutti per </s>
          </p>
        </div>
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