Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

Table of contents

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div533" type="section" level="1" n="85">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head85" xml:space="preserve">CAP. VII. DE I COLORI, ET PRIMA DELL’OCHREA.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15927" xml:space="preserve">DEI colorialcuni ſono, che da lor ſtesſi naſcono in certi luoghi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15928" xml:space="preserve">indi ſi cauano, altri da altre coſe
              <lb/>
            inſieme poſte, è meſcolate, ò temperate ſi compongono, accioche dieno nelle opere utilità allo iſteſ-
              <lb/>
            ſo modo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15929" xml:space="preserve">Ma eſponeremo quelli, che da ſe naſcenti ſi cauano, come è l’Ochrea; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15930" xml:space="preserve">Queſta in molti luo
              <lb/>
            ghi come ancho in Italia ſi troua. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15931" xml:space="preserve">Ma l’Attica e ottima, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15932" xml:space="preserve">queſta non ſi ha al tempo noſtro, perche
              <lb/>
            in Athene le mineri, doue ſi caua l’argento, quando haueuano le famiglie, allhora ſi cauaua ſotterra
              <lb/>
            per trouare lo argento: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15933" xml:space="preserve">quando iui ſi trouaua la uena la uena la ſeguitauano come fuſſe ſtata d’Argento.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15934" xml:space="preserve">Et però gli antichi alle politezze dell’opere uſarono una gran copia di Sile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15935" xml:space="preserve">ancho in molti luoghi ſi caua copio-
              <lb/>
            ſamente la terra roſſa, ma perfettamente in pochi, come nel ponto la Sinope, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15936" xml:space="preserve">in Egitto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15937" xml:space="preserve">nell’iſole Baleari in Hi-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0199-01" xlink:href="note-0199-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            ſpagna, ne meno in Lemno, l’entrate dellaqual iſola il Senato, e popolo Romano conceſſe à gli Athenieſi da eſſer go
              <lb/>
            dute. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15938" xml:space="preserve">Il Paretonio prende il nome da quei luoghi, doue egli ſi caua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15939" xml:space="preserve">con la iſteſſa ragione il Melino, perche la for
              <lb/>
            za di quel metallo, ſi dice eſſer in Melo l’Iſola Ciclada. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15940" xml:space="preserve">La terra uerde naſce in molti luoghi, ma la perſetta nell’Iſo-
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            la di Smirna. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15941" xml:space="preserve">Queſta i Greci Theodotia ſogliono chiamare, perche Theodoto ſi chiamaua colui, nel fondo del quale
              <lb/>
            prima fu ritrouata quella ſorte di creta. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15942" xml:space="preserve">L’oropigmẽto da Greci Arſenico nominato, ſi caua nel Põto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15943" xml:space="preserve">coſi in piu
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            luoghi la Sandaraca, ma l’ottima in Ponto appreſſo il fiume Hipani, tiene del metallo in altre parti, come, tra i confi
              <lb/>
            ni di Magneſia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15944" xml:space="preserve">di Efeſo ſono luoghi, d’onde ella ſi caua apparecchiata, ſi che non e biſogno macinarla, ma e coſi
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            ſottile, come fuſſe con la mano trita, e criuellata.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15945" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15946" xml:space="preserve">L’Ochrea ſi chiama terra gialla, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15947" xml:space="preserve">ancho Ochrea uolgarmente, questa ſi abbruſcia perche faccia il fondo all’Ochrea non abbruſciata, pero che
              <lb/>
            ſi fa piu ſcura, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15948" xml:space="preserve">ruggia, ne uiene dalle parti di Leuante, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15949" xml:space="preserve">io ne ho trouato ancho nelle mie poſſesſioni nei monti di Triuiggiana buonisſi-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0199-02" xlink:href="note-0199-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            ma, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15950" xml:space="preserve">in gran copia. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15951" xml:space="preserve">Sil attico, era un minerale di colore come alcuni uogliono dell’Ochrea, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15952" xml:space="preserve">non fanno ancho differenza tra Ochrea
              <lb/>
            e Sile, ma io ſtimo, che Ochrea ſia nome generale, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15953" xml:space="preserve">Sile ſpeciale, però puo eſſer, che’l Sile fuſſe di una ſpecie di Ochrea; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15954" xml:space="preserve">ma di colore alquan
              <lb/>
            to diuerſo, ò che pendeſſe all’azurro, ò al purpureo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15955" xml:space="preserve">uiolino. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15956" xml:space="preserve">Rubrica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15957" xml:space="preserve">Sinope ſono terre roſſe, noi chiamamo la rubrica imbu
              <unsure/>
            oro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15958" xml:space="preserve">in al
              <lb/>
            tri luoghi Buoro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15959" xml:space="preserve">queſte terre roſſe erano in que luoghi doue dice Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15960" xml:space="preserve">buone, e perfette. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15961" xml:space="preserve">Il Paretonio, e Melino eran colori, quello bian-
              <lb/>
            co, e questo giallo, la cagione perche coſi ſono chiamati e poſte da Vit. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15962" xml:space="preserve">@a creta Verde, noi chiamamo terra Verde. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15963" xml:space="preserve">La Sandaraca è di colore di
              <lb/>
            Naranzo, noi chiamamo Minio fatto de Biacca abbruſciata, ma la@ Sandaraca era naſcente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15964" xml:space="preserve">ancho ſatta ad arte come dira Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15965" xml:space="preserve">qui ſotto.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15966" xml:space="preserve"/>
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div536" type="section" level="1" n="86">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head86" xml:space="preserve">CAP. VIII. DELLE RAGIONI DEL MINIO.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15967" xml:space="preserve">HORA io entrerò ad eſplicare le ragioni del Minio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15968" xml:space="preserve">Queſto prima ſi dice eſſer ſtato ritrouato ne i
              <lb/>
            cãpi Cilbiani de gli Efeſij, il cui effetto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15969" xml:space="preserve">la cui ragione ne da cauſa di gran merauiglia. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15970" xml:space="preserve">Cauaſi una
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0199-03" xlink:href="note-0199-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            Zoppa, detta Antrax, prima che per lo maneggiarla diuẽti Minio, la uena e di colore come ferro al-
              <lb/>
            quãto piu roſſo, hauẽdo intorno à ſe una poluere roſſa. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15971" xml:space="preserve">Quãdo ſi caua, per le percoſſe de i ferri man
              <lb/>
            da fuori le lagrime d’argẽto uiuo, lequali ſubito da i cauãti ſono raccolte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15972" xml:space="preserve">Queſte zoppe aſſunate per
              <lb/>
            la pienezza dell’humore, che hãno dẽtro, ſi pongono nelle ſornaci delle officine, accioche ſi ſecchi-
              <lb/>
            no, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15973" xml:space="preserve">quel tumo, che dal uapore del fuoco ſi leua da quelle zoppe. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15974" xml:space="preserve">quãdo ricade nel ſuolo del forno, è trouato eſſer ar
              <lb/>
            gento uiuo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15975" xml:space="preserve">Leuate uia le zoppe, quelle gociole, che reſtano per la picciolezza loro non ſi poſſono raccorre, ma
              <lb/>
            in un uaſo di acqua ſi fan correre, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15976" xml:space="preserve">iui ſi raunano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15977" xml:space="preserve">ſi conſondono inſieme; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15978" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15979" xml:space="preserve">queſte eſſendo di miſura di quattro
              <lb/>
            ſeſtari, quando ſi peſano, ſi trouano eſſer cento di peſo, ma quando e inſieme tutto quello argento in un uaſo, ſe ſo-
              <lb/>
            pra ui ſi ponera un peſo di cento, egli ſtara di ſopra, ne potra col ſuo peſo premere quel liquore, ne ſcacciarlo, ne diſ-
              <lb/>
            ſiparlo, leuato il centenaio, ſe iui ſi ponera uno ſcrupulo d’oro, non ſopranuotera, ma ſe ne andera al fondo da ſe
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0199-04" xlink:href="note-0199-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            ſteſſo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15980" xml:space="preserve">coſi non per la grandezza del peſo, ma per la qualita ſua ciaſcuna coſa eſſer coſi graue non ſi deue negare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15981" xml:space="preserve">Et
              <lb/>
            queſto e utile à molte coſe, perche ne lo argento, ne il rame ſenza quello ſi puo dorare, che bene ſtia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15982" xml:space="preserve">quando l’o-
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            ro e conteſto in qualche ueſta, che conſumata per la uecchiezza, non ſi poſſa piu portare con honeſtà, pongaſi quel
              <lb/>
            panno d’oro in uaſi di terra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15983" xml:space="preserve">ſia nel foco abbruſciato. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15984" xml:space="preserve">La cenere ſi getta, nell’acqua allaquale ſi aggiugne l’argen-
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            to uiuo, ilquale à ſe tira tutte le miche dell’oro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15985" xml:space="preserve">le forza ad unirſi ſeco, uotata poi l’acqua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15986" xml:space="preserve">queſto s’infonde, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15987" xml:space="preserve">
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            riuerſcia in un panno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15988" xml:space="preserve">in quello e con le mani ſtruccato, l’argento eſce per le rarita del panno con il liquore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15989" xml:space="preserve">l’o-
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            ro per la ſtrettezza, e compresſione raunato di dentro puro ſi ritroua.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15990" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div538" type="section" level="1" n="87">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head87" xml:space="preserve">CAP. IX. DELLA TEMPERATVRA DEL MINIO.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15991" xml:space="preserve">IO ritornero hora alla temperarura del Minio, perche quelle zoppe eſſendo aride ſi peſtano con pi-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0199-05" xlink:href="note-0199-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            ſtelli di ferro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15992" xml:space="preserve">ſi macinano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15993" xml:space="preserve">con ſpeſſe lauature, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15994" xml:space="preserve">cotture ſi le fanno uenir i colori. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15995" xml:space="preserve">Quan-
              <lb/>
            do adunque ſeranno mandate fuori le goccie dello argento uiuo, alhora ſi fa il Minio di natura tene-
              <lb/>
            ra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15996" xml:space="preserve">di forza debile, e per hauer laſciato l’argento uiuo laſcia ancho le uirtu naturali, che egli in ſe
              <lb/>
            teneua. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15997" xml:space="preserve">Et pero quando e dato nelle politure de i Conclaui reſta nel ſuo colore ſenza diffetti, ma
              <lb/>
            in luoghi aperti come in Periſtili, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15998" xml:space="preserve">Eſſedre, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s15999" xml:space="preserve">in altri ſimiglianti luoghi doue il Sole, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16000" xml:space="preserve">la Luna
              <lb/>
            poſſono mandare i raggi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16001" xml:space="preserve">lumi loro, quando da queſti il luogo e toccato, ſi guaſta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16002" xml:space="preserve">perduta la uirtu del colore
              <lb/>
            ſi denigra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16003" xml:space="preserve">Et pero e molti altri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16004" xml:space="preserve">Faberio ſcirba hauendo uoluto hauere nel monte Auentino una bella, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16005" xml:space="preserve">orna-
              <lb/>
            ta caſa, ne i Periſtili fece à tutti pareti dar di Minio, iquali dopo trenta giorni diuentorno di brutto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16006" xml:space="preserve">diuerſo co-
              <lb/>
            lore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16007" xml:space="preserve">pero di ſubito conduſſe chi gli deſſe di altri colori. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16008" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſe alcuno ſera piu ſottile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16009" xml:space="preserve">uorra, che la politezza
              <lb/>
            del Minio rittegna il ſuo colore, quando il parete ſera polito, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16010" xml:space="preserve">ſecco, allhora dia col penello di cera punica liquefat-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0199-06" xlink:href="note-0199-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            ta al fuoco temperata, con alquanto oglio, dapoi poſti i carboni in un uaſe di ferro farà ſudare quella cera ſcaldando-
              <lb/>
            la col parete, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16011" xml:space="preserve">fara ſi, che la ſi ſtenda egualmente, dapoi con una candella, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16012" xml:space="preserve">con un lenzuolo netto la freghi, al mo
              <lb/>
            do che ſi nettano le nude Statue di marmo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16013" xml:space="preserve">queſta operatione Grecamente ſi chiama Cauſis, coſi la coperta della
              <lb/>
            cera punica non permette, che lo ſplendore della Luna, ne i raggi del Sole toccando leuino uia il colore da quelle po-
              <lb/>
            liture. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16014" xml:space="preserve">Da quelle officine, che ſon alle caue de i metalli de gli Efeſij, per queſta cagione ſono ſtate trapportate à Ro
              <lb/>
            ma, perche queſta ſorte di uena e ſtata dapoi ritrouata, ne i paeſi di Spagna, da i metalli dellequali ſi portano le zop
              <lb/>
            pe che per li Daciari à Roma ſi curano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16015" xml:space="preserve">Et queſti officine ſono tra il Tempio di Flora, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16016" xml:space="preserve">di Quirino. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16017" xml:space="preserve">Vitiaſi il Mi-
              <lb/>
            nio meſcolandoui la calce, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16018" xml:space="preserve">ſe alcuno uorra fare eſperienza, ſe egli ſera uitiato, coſi biſogna prouare: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16019" xml:space="preserve">Piglieſi una
              <lb/>
            lama di Ferro, ò paletta che ſi dichi, ſopra eſſa ſi pona il Minio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16020" xml:space="preserve">poſta al foco, fin che la lama ſia affocata, quando
              <lb/>
            di Bianco ſi muta in nero, leuiſi la lama dal fuoco, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16021" xml:space="preserve">ſe raffredato il Minio, ritornera nel ſuo primo colore, ſenza
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0199-07" xlink:href="note-0199-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            dubbio ſi prouera eſſer ſenza difetto, ma ſe egli reſtera nero dimoſtrera eſſre uitiato. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16022" xml:space="preserve">Io ho detto quelle coſe che
              <lb/>
            mi ſono uenute in mente del Minio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16023" xml:space="preserve">La chriſocolla ſi porta da Macedonia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16024" xml:space="preserve">ſi caua da que luoghi, che ſono prosſi-
              <lb/>
            mi à i metalli di Rame. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16025" xml:space="preserve">Il Minio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16026" xml:space="preserve">l’Endico, con eſſe i uocaboli ſi dimoſtra in che luoghi ſi generino.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16027" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16028" xml:space="preserve">Il Minio come dice Plin. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16029" xml:space="preserve">e una ſorte di arena di colore del Zafferano la cera Punica dicono eſſer cerabianca, il modo di farla bianca e in pli. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16030" xml:space="preserve">al 21.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16031" xml:space="preserve">Libro, nel cap. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16032" xml:space="preserve">14. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16033" xml:space="preserve">Chriſocolla e colla da oro, la dicono Boraſo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16034" xml:space="preserve">Il Minio e detto da un Fiume della Spagna coſi nominato. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16035" xml:space="preserve">Indicum da noi
              <lb/>
            e detto Endego, e di color Biauo ſcuro, ſi tingono i pannicon quello, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16036" xml:space="preserve">ſi uſa ancho nelle pitture.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16037" xml:space="preserve"/>
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