Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div550" type="section" level="1" n="93">
          <pb o="191" file="0201" n="210" rhead="LIBRO OTTAVO"/>
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div551" type="section" level="1" n="94">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head94" xml:space="preserve">DELLA ARCHITETTVRA
            <lb/>
          DIM. VITRVVIO.</head>
          <figure number="100">
            <image file="0201-01" xlink:href="http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/zogilib?fn=/permanent/library/xxxxxxxx/figures/0201-01"/>
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div552" type="section" level="1" n="95">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head95" xml:space="preserve">PROEMIO.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16124" xml:space="preserve">THALETE Mileſio, uno di ſette Sapienti diſſe, l’acqua eſſer principio di tutte le coſe.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16125" xml:space="preserve">Heraclito il fuoco; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16126" xml:space="preserve">i Sacerdoti de i Magi l’acqua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16127" xml:space="preserve">il fuoco. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16128" xml:space="preserve">Euripide auditore di Ana
              <lb/>
            xagora, ilquale Filoſoſo gli Athenieſi Scenico nominarono, lo aere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16129" xml:space="preserve">la terra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16130" xml:space="preserve">quel
              <lb/>
            la dalle pioggie celeſti, ingrauidata, hauere generato nel mondo i parti delle gen-
              <lb/>
            ti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16131" xml:space="preserve">di tutti gli animali, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16132" xml:space="preserve">quelle coſe, che da quella ſoſſero prodotte, quando coſtret-
              <lb/>
            te dalla ſorza del Tempo ſi diſcioglieſſero, in quella di nuouo ritornare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16133" xml:space="preserve">quelle, che
              <lb/>
            di aere naſceſſero, ancho nelle parti del cielo cangiarſi nel riceuere alcuno diffetto, ma
              <lb/>
            mutata la loro diſſolutione ricadere nella iſteſſa propietà, nellaquale erano per in-
              <lb/>
            nanzi; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16134" xml:space="preserve">Ma Pithagora, Empedocle, Epicarmo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16135" xml:space="preserve">gli altri Fiſici, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16136" xml:space="preserve">Filoſofi queſti eſſer
              <lb/>
            quattro principi ci propoſero, aere, fuoco, acqua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16137" xml:space="preserve">terra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16138" xml:space="preserve">le qualità di queſti tra
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0201-01" xlink:href="note-0201-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            ſe con naturale forma congiunte per le differenze delle coſe operare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16139" xml:space="preserve">noi auuertimo
              <lb/>
            non ſolamente le coſe, che naſcono da queſti principi, hauere il naſcimento loro, ma tutte le coſe non notrirſi, ne
              <lb/>
            creſcere, ne conſeruarſi ſenza la forza loro, percio, che i corpi ſenza ſpirito ridondanti non poſſono hauere la uita,
              <lb/>
            ſe lo aere, che ui entra non hauerà ſatto del continuo creſcendo gli accreſcimenti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16140" xml:space="preserve">le diminutioni.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16141" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16142" xml:space="preserve">Cioè il reſpirare, che ſi fa col tirare il fiato à ſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16143" xml:space="preserve">mandarlo fuori.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16144" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16145" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſe egli non ſerà nel corpo ancora una giuſta miſura di calorenon ui ſerà lo ſpirito uitale, ne il poterſi fermamente
              <lb/>
            drizzare in piedi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16146" xml:space="preserve">le forze del cibo non potranno hauere la tempra della Digeſtione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16147" xml:space="preserve">però non notricandoſi i
              <lb/>
            corpi di terreſtre cibo, mancherebbeno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16148" xml:space="preserve">coſi dalla meſcolanza del principio terreno ſeranno abbandonati: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16149" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16150" xml:space="preserve">gli
              <lb/>
            animali ſe ſeranno ſenza la poteſtà dell’humore exhault̀i, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16151" xml:space="preserve">aſciutti dal liquore de i ſuoi principi ſi ſeccheranno.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16152" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16153" xml:space="preserve">Dice Ariſtotile, che noi ci notrimo di quelle coſe, delle quali ſiamo compoſti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16154" xml:space="preserve">però i quattro elementi, ſono neceſſari alla uita dell’huomo, per
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0201-02" xlink:href="note-0201-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            che di esſi il corpo è composto.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16155" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16156" xml:space="preserve">Et però la diuina Prouidenza non ſece difficili, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16157" xml:space="preserve">care quelle coſe, che propiamente erano neceſſarie alle genti come
              <lb/>
            ſono le pretioſe pietre, l’oro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16158" xml:space="preserve">l’argento, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16159" xml:space="preserve">le altre coſe, le quali ne il corpo, ne la natura deſidera, ma quelle coſe,
              <lb/>
            ſenza le quali la uita de i mortali non puo eſſer ſecura largamente alle mani pronte cidiede in ogni parte del mondo;
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16160" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16161" xml:space="preserve">però di queſti principi ſe per caſo alcuna coſa ui manca di ſpirito lo aere asſignato per reſtituirlo ciò preſta copio
              <lb/>
            ſamente. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16162" xml:space="preserve">Ma lo impeto del Sole apparecchiato, ad aiutarci col calore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16163" xml:space="preserve">il fuoco ritrouato la uita piu ſicura ci ren-
              <lb/>
            de, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16164" xml:space="preserve">coſi il frutto della terra preſtandoſi la copia del uiuere per gli ſoprabondanti deſideri alleua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16165" xml:space="preserve">nutriſce gli ani
              <lb/>
            mali paſcendoli continuamẽte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16166" xml:space="preserve">l’acqua non ſolamẽte per lo beuere, ma per l’uſo dandoci infinite necesſità per eſ-
              <lb/>
            ſerci data per grande utilità ci rẽde, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16167" xml:space="preserve">da cio quelli, che all’uſanza de gli Egittij trattano le coſe ſacre dimoſtrano tut
              <lb/>
            te le coſe conſiſtere dalla forza del liquore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16168" xml:space="preserve">pero quando ricoprono i uaſi dell’acqua, i quali al Sacro Tempio cõ ca
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0201-03" xlink:href="note-0201-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            ſta religoine ſi portano, allhora inginocchiati con le mani al cielo ringratiano per tali ritrouamenti la bontà diuina.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16169" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16170" xml:space="preserve">REPLICA Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16171" xml:space="preserve">le coſe dette nel ſecondo libro, al primo cap. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16172" xml:space="preserve">circai principi materiali delle coſe, ma con diuerſa intentio
              <lb/>
            ne, perche nel ſecondo egli hauea animo di dimostrare gli effetti, che uengono dalla meſcolanza de i principi nelle coſe, co-
              <lb/>
            me nella calce, ne i mattoni, nell’Arena, nelle pietre, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16173" xml:space="preserve">ne gli Alberi, qui ha intentione trattare della natura, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16174" xml:space="preserve">dell’uſo
              <lb/>
            dell’acque, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16175" xml:space="preserve">in uero ha ben ragione di adornare queſta ſua fatica con il trattamento dell’acque, perche ſi come l’oro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16176" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            le gemme, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16177" xml:space="preserve">pietre ſono pretioſe per la rarità loro, tutto che la natura humana habbia poco biſogno di quelle, coſi l’acqua
              <lb/>
            è precioſa per la necesſità, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16178" xml:space="preserve">per l’uſo della uita, doue non immeritamente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16179" xml:space="preserve">i ſaui, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16180" xml:space="preserve">i poeti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16181" xml:space="preserve">i Sacerdori hanno ce
              <lb/>
            lebrato l’uſo dell’acqua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16182" xml:space="preserve">perche la Città di Roma ha di gran lunga ſuperato con l’opere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16183" xml:space="preserve">con le condotte dell’acque tutto quello, che è
              <lb/>
            stato altroue, però Vitru oltra l’uſo uniuerſale dell’acque per ſatisfare ancho in queſta parte à i Romani ha particolarmente un libro à que-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0201-04" xlink:href="note-0201-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            ſta materia conſecrato, doue parla, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16184" xml:space="preserve">della natura dell’acqua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16185" xml:space="preserve">dell’uſo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16186" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16187" xml:space="preserve">Della natura ne parla, nel Secondo, Terzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16188" xml:space="preserve">Quarto cap. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16189" xml:space="preserve">dell’uſo, nel primo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16190" xml:space="preserve">ne gli altri, quanto alla natura ci narra le propietà dell’ac
              <lb/>
            que, le forze, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16191" xml:space="preserve">qualità ſeguendo una diletteuole hiſtoria naturale. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16192" xml:space="preserve">Quanto all’uſo, egli ci tratta della inuentione dell’acque, della elettione,
              <lb/>
            del condurle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16193" xml:space="preserve">del conſeruarle. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16194" xml:space="preserve">Alla inuentione dona il primo capo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16195" xml:space="preserve">Alla elettione il quinto, perche non e aſſai trouare le acque, ma è neceſ-
              <lb/>
            ſario lo eleggere le buone, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16196" xml:space="preserve">ſalutifere; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16197" xml:space="preserve">al condurle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16198" xml:space="preserve">conſeruarle da il sesto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16199" xml:space="preserve">il ſettimo capo, inſegnandoci à liuellarle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16200" xml:space="preserve">d@moſtrando-
              <lb/>
            ci gli ſtrumenti, atti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16201" xml:space="preserve">i modi di condurle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16202" xml:space="preserve">coſi con grande utilità da perfettione al Ottauo lib. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16203" xml:space="preserve">ilquale io eſporrò ne i luoghi laſciando le
              <lb/>
            digresſioni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16204" xml:space="preserve">la pompa ad altro tempo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16205" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div557" type="section" level="1" n="96">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head96" xml:space="preserve">CAP. PRIMO DELLA INVEN-
            <lb/>
          TIONE DELL’ACQVA.</head>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16206" xml:space="preserve">ESSENDO adunque, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16207" xml:space="preserve">da i Fiſici, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16208" xml:space="preserve">da i Filoſofi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16209" xml:space="preserve">da i Sacerdoti giudicato, tuttele coſe ſtare
              <lb/>
            inſieme per la forza dell’acqua, io ho penſato poi, che ne i primi ſette uolumi eſpoſte ſono le ragio
              <lb/>
            ni de gli edifici, in queſto douerſi delle in uentioni dell’acque trattare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16210" xml:space="preserve">che forze egli habbino
              <lb/>
            nelle propietà de luoghi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16211" xml:space="preserve">con che ragioni ſi conduchino, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16212" xml:space="preserve">come ancora quella ſi proui.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16213" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16214" xml:space="preserve">Conclude per dimostrare la ſua intentione, in tre parole abbraccia un bel diſcorſo ſopra l’acque dicendo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16215" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16216" xml:space="preserve">Perciò che ella è molto neceſſaria, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16217" xml:space="preserve">alla uita, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16218" xml:space="preserve">à i piaceri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16219" xml:space="preserve">all’uſo quotidiano.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16220" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16221" xml:space="preserve">Alla uita egli l’ha dimoſtrato diſopra, perche ſenza l’humore è imposſibile mantenerſi in uita
              <unsure/>
            ; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16222" xml:space="preserve">al piacere; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16223" xml:space="preserve">qui laſcio diſcorrere à chi ha ueduto
              <lb/>
            bellisſimi ſiti, acque, ruſcelli, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16224" xml:space="preserve">fonti, di quanto contento, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16225" xml:space="preserve">diletto ſia la uiſta di quelli, all’uſo, gli eſſerciti, gli aſſediati, gli artefici, le
              <lb/>
            campagne, il mare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16226" xml:space="preserve">la terra finalmente dimostra l’uſo dell’acque, però uerremo all’uſo ſeguitando la intentione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16227" xml:space="preserve">l’ordine di Vit.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16228" xml:space="preserve"/>
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