Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

Table of contents

< >
< >
page |< < (196) of 325 > >|
    <echo version="1.0RC">
      <text xml:lang="it" type="free">
        <div xml:id="echoid-div574" type="section" level="1" n="99">
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16730" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="196" file="0206" n="215" rhead="LIBRO"/>
            le fonti loro; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16731" xml:space="preserve">ma di quelle fonti, che aperte non ſono; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16732" xml:space="preserve">ma ouero da ſaſsi, ouero da qualchealtra uiolenza ritenuti
              <lb/>
            ſono à i grandi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16733" xml:space="preserve">rileuati grumidi terra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16734" xml:space="preserve">però grandemente ſi inganna, chiunque penſa di hauere i capi delle fon-
              <lb/>
            ti, quando aprono loro le grandi foſſe in quella altezza, che ſono i grumi, impero ſi come un uaſo di rame non ripie-
              <lb/>
            no ſino all’orlo ſuo, ma che habbia la miſura dell’acqua ſecondo la ſua capacità, di due delle tre parti quando il ſuo co
              <lb/>
            perchio dal gran feruore del fuoco toccato uiene forza l’acqua à riſcaldarſi bene, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16735" xml:space="preserve">quella per la ſua naturale rarità
              <lb/>
            riceuendo in ſe la gagliarda enfiagione del caldo, non ſolo riempie il uaſo, ma cõ gli ſpiriti ſuoi alzãdo il coperchio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16736" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            u ſcendo trabocca, ma leuato il coperchio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16737" xml:space="preserve">eſſalati i ſuoi boglimẽti nello aperto aere torna di nuouo al luogo ſuo,
              <lb/>
            al ſimigliante modo quei capi delle fonti, quando ſono per le ſtrettezze compresſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16738" xml:space="preserve">riſtretti, con grande impeto
              <lb/>
            uengono di ſopra gli ſpiriti dell’acqua, ma tantoſto, che riaperti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16739" xml:space="preserve">rillargati ſono uotati per la rarità, che nel liquore
              <lb/>
            preuale riſeggono, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16740" xml:space="preserve">tornano nella proprietà del ſuo giuſto peſo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16741" xml:space="preserve">Ma ogni acqua calda per queſto è atta alle medici
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-01" xlink:href="note-0206-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            ne, perciò che ricotta nelle coſe precedente riceue altra uirtute all’uſo humano; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16742" xml:space="preserve">perciò che le fonti ſulfuree riltora-
              <lb/>
            no le fatiche de nerui, riſcaldando, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16743" xml:space="preserve">ſucchiando con il loro calore i triſti humori da i corpi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16744" xml:space="preserve">Ma le fonti, che hanno
              <lb/>
            dell’allume, quando riceueno alcuni corpi dalla paralyſi diſciolti, ouero da qualche sforzeuole infermità mantenen-
              <lb/>
            do il refrigerio per le aperte uene riſtorano con forza cõtraria del caldo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16745" xml:space="preserve">coſi continuando per queſto i corpi ſono
              <lb/>
            remesſi nell’antica cura delle loro membra: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16746" xml:space="preserve">Finalmente oue ſono le acque, che tengono del bitume gli huomini poſ
              <lb/>
            ſono purgare i difetti, che hanno dentro i corpi loro beuendone, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16747" xml:space="preserve">à queſto modo medicarſi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16748" xml:space="preserve">Euui ancho una ſorte
              <lb/>
            di acqua fredda nitroſa come à Penna, à Veſtina, à Cotilio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16749" xml:space="preserve">in altri luoghi ſimili, che beuendone alcuno ſi purga, et
              <lb/>
            per lo uentre paſſando minuiſce, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16750" xml:space="preserve">ſcema la gõfiezza delle ſtrume. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16751" xml:space="preserve">Ma doue ſi caua l’oro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16752" xml:space="preserve">l’argẽto, il ferro, il rame,
              <lb/>
            il piõbo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16753" xml:space="preserve">altre ſimiglianti coſe alle dette iui, ſi trouano molte ſonti ma, ſono ſommamente difettoſe, perciò che hã
              <lb/>
            no i uitij contrari à quell’acque calde, che uengono dal ſolfo, dallo allume, ò dal bitume, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16754" xml:space="preserve">fanno queſto, che beuute
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-02" xlink:href="note-0206-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            quando entrano nel corpo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16755" xml:space="preserve">uãno per le uene toccano i nerui, et le giũture, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16756" xml:space="preserve">quelli infiãdo gl’indurano i nerui. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16757" xml:space="preserve">A-
              <lb/>
            dunque per la enfiagione gonfiati per longo ſi ritirano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16758" xml:space="preserve">coſi fanno gli huomini doglioſi ò per male di nerui, ò per
              <lb/>
            le podagre, perche hãno le ſottigliezze de le uene loro meſcolate di coſe durisſime, ſpeſſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16759" xml:space="preserve">freddisſime, Vnaltra ſor
              <lb/>
            te di acq̃ ſi troua, laquale @ õ hauẽdo à baſtãza le ſue uene chiare cõ la ſpuma ſua nuota come fiore nella ſommità ſimi
              <lb/>
            le al colore d’un uetro purpureo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16760" xml:space="preserve">Queſte coſe mirabilmẽte auuertite ſono, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16761" xml:space="preserve">cõſiderate in Athene, perche iui da ſimi
              <lb/>
            li luoghi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16762" xml:space="preserve">fonti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16763" xml:space="preserve">in Aſti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16764" xml:space="preserve">al porto Pireo ſono cõdotte le ſurgẽti canne, et di quelle niuno ne beue per quella cau
              <lb/>
            ſa, ma bene ſe ne ſerueno per lauare, et per altre biſogna, et beueno de i pozzi, et coſi ſchiuano i diffetti di quelle fõti.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16765" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16766" xml:space="preserve">Hermolao nelle caſtigationi di Pli. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16767" xml:space="preserve">al. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16768" xml:space="preserve">2. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16769" xml:space="preserve">del. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16770" xml:space="preserve">32. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16771" xml:space="preserve">legge non, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16772" xml:space="preserve">in Aſti, ad portũ Pireæũ, ma Maſti uſque ad portũ Pireæũ, et dice, che Masti ſono det
              <lb/>
            te altramẽte, mãmæ, et papillæ, et ubera, quaſi mãmelle ꝑ lequali uẽgano l’acque, bẽche ancho ſalua la prima lettione, et ꝑ Aſti intẽde Athene.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16773" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16774" xml:space="preserve">Ma à Troezzeno ciò non ſi può fuggire perche iui altra ſorte di acque nõ ſi troua, ſe non quella, che hanno i Cibdeli, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16775" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-03" xlink:href="note-0206-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            però in quella città ò tutti, ò la maggior parte ſono ne i piedi cagioneuoli. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16776" xml:space="preserve">Ma in Tarſo città di Cilicia trouaſi un fiu-
              <lb/>
            me nominato Cydnos, nelquale i podagroſi tenẽdo le gãbe à molle ſono ſolleuati dal dolore. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16777" xml:space="preserve">Oltra le dette coſe mol-
              <lb/>
            te altre generationi di acque ſi trouano, che hãno le ſue, ꝓprietà, come in Sicilia il fiume Hymera, ilq̃le uſcito dalla fõ
              <lb/>
            te in due rami ſi parte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16778" xml:space="preserve">quel ramo, che ſi ſtẽde corrẽdo uerſo il mõte Ethna, perciò ch’egli paſſa per terreno di ſucco
              <lb/>
            dolce, egli è di grãdisſima dolceza, l’altro ramo, che corre per quel piano doue ſi caua il ſale, è di ſapor ſalſo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16779" xml:space="preserve">Similmẽte
              <lb/>
            à Paretonio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16780" xml:space="preserve">la doue è il uiaggio ad Hamone, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16781" xml:space="preserve">al Caſsio all’Egitto ſono laghi paluſtri di maniera ſalſi, che di ſopra
              <lb/>
            hãno il ſale cõgelato. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16782" xml:space="preserve">Sono appreſlo in molti altri luoghi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16783" xml:space="preserve">fonti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16784" xml:space="preserve">fiumi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16785" xml:space="preserve">laghi, iquali paſſando oltra le cauc del
              <lb/>
            ſale neceſſariamente diuentano ſalati, altri penetrãdo per le uene graſſe della terra come unti d’oglio eſcono fnori co
              <lb/>
            me è à Soli caſtello della Cilicia il fiume Lipari nominato, nelquale chiunque ſi laua, ò nuota ſi ungne dall’acqua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16786" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            coſi nella Ethiopia ſi troua un lago, che ugne gli huomini, che in eſſo nuotano; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16787" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16788" xml:space="preserve">in India ce n’è uno, che quãdo il cie
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-04" xlink:href="note-0206-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            lo è ſereno mãda una gran q̃ntità di oglio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16789" xml:space="preserve">Ancora à Cartagine è una fonte ſopra la quale nuota l’oglio di odore come
              <lb/>
            una ſcorza di cedro, del qual’oglio è uſanza di ugnere le pecore: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16790" xml:space="preserve">al Zãte, et intorno à Durazzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16791" xml:space="preserve">Apollonia ſono fon
              <lb/>
            ti, che inſieme con l’acqua uomitano grã moltitudine di pece; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16792" xml:space="preserve">à Babilonia è un grandisſimo lago, che ſi chiama la pa-
              <lb/>
            lude Aſphaltite, ha di ſopra il liquido bitume, che nuota, delqual bitume, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16793" xml:space="preserve">di pietra cotta fabricatone il muro Semi
              <lb/>
            miramis cinſe la gran Babilonia, coſi in Ioppe nella Svria, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16794" xml:space="preserve">nell’ Arabia de Numidi ſi trouano laghi di ſmiſurata grã
              <lb/>
            dezza, iquali mandano fuori gran maſſe di bitume, che ſono poi tolte dalli habitatori di quei luoghi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16795" xml:space="preserve">Ma ciò nõ è ma
              <lb/>
            rauiglioſo, perciò che in quei ſono molte pettraie di duro bitume. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16796" xml:space="preserve">Quando adunque l’acqua rompe fuori per la terra
              <lb/>
            bituminoſa ſeco ne porta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16797" xml:space="preserve">quãdo che ella è uſcita fuori della terra ſi ſceglie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16798" xml:space="preserve">coſi da ſe ſcaccia il bitume, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16799" xml:space="preserve">coſi an
              <lb/>
            cho nella Cappadocia nella uia, che è tra Mazzaca, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16800" xml:space="preserve">Tuana, ſi troua un grã lago, nelquale ſe una parte di cãne, ò d’al
              <lb/>
            tra coſa è poſta dẽtro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16801" xml:space="preserve">il ſeguẽte giorno cauata quella parte, che ſerà ſtata cauata ſi trouerà di pietra, reſtãdo l’altra
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-05" xlink:href="note-0206-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            parte, che nõ hauerà toccato l’acqua nella ſua ꝓpria natura. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16802" xml:space="preserve">Allo ſteſſo modo à Hieropoli della Frigia bolle una mol
              <lb/>
            titudine d’acqua calda, dellaquale ſe ne manda per le foſſe d’intorno agli horti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16803" xml:space="preserve">alle uigne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16804" xml:space="preserve">Queſta à capo d’ãno diuẽ
              <lb/>
            ta una croſta di pietra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16805" xml:space="preserve">coſi ogni tãti anni gli habitatori di quei paeſi facendo i margini di terra dalla deſtra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16806" xml:space="preserve">dal-
              <lb/>
            la ſiniſtra, ui laſciano andare quelle acque, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16807" xml:space="preserve">con quelle croſte fanno le ſiepi de i campi loro; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16808" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16809" xml:space="preserve">queſto pare, che natu-
              <lb/>
            ralmente fatto ſia, percio che in quei lu oghi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16810" xml:space="preserve">in quella terra, doue naſce quel ſucco ci ſta, ſotto una qualità ſimile al
              <lb/>
            la natura del coagolo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16811" xml:space="preserve">Dipoi quando la forza meſcolata eſce di ſopra per le fonti ſue, è sforzata riſtrign erſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16812" xml:space="preserve">appi-
              <lb/>
            gliarſi dal ſole, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16813" xml:space="preserve">dalla calidità dell’aere, come ſi uede ne i piani delle ſaline. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16814" xml:space="preserve">Sono appreſſo fonti molto amari naſcenti
              <lb/>
            da amaro ſucco della terra, come nel Ponto è il fiume Hypanis, ilquale dal ſuo capo per quaranta miglia ſcorre cõ ac
              <lb/>
            qua di dolcisſimo ſapore, dipoi quando giugne al luogo, che dalla foce ſua è lontano cẽto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16815" xml:space="preserve">ſeſſanta miglia, cõ quel
              <lb/>
            lo ſi meſcola un fonticello bẽ piccolo: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16816" xml:space="preserve">Queſto fonticello, quando entra nel detto fiume, all’hora fa, che tanta quan ti-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-06" xlink:href="note-0206-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            ta di acque diuenta amara, percioche per quella ſorte di terra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16817" xml:space="preserve">per quelle uene, dallequali ſi caua la Sandaraca uſ cẽ
              <lb/>
            do quell’acqua amara diuiene, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16818" xml:space="preserve">tutte queſte coſe da diſsimigliãti ſapori preſi dalla proprietà del terreno per doue
              <lb/>
            paſſano, chiaramẽte ſi fano, come appare ne i frutti, imperoche ſe le radici de gli alberi, ò delle uiti, ò dell’altre ſemẽze
              <lb/>
            mãdaſſero i frutti prẽdẽdo il ſucco nõ dalle proprieta del terreno, ſenza dubbio il ſapor di tutti in ogni luogo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16819" xml:space="preserve">in o-
              <lb/>
            gni parte ſarebbe d’una iſteſſa natura, ma uedemo pure, che l’Iſola di Lesbo fa il uino protropo, Meonia il uino det
              <lb/>
            to Catacecaumenite, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16820" xml:space="preserve">Lidia il Melito, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16821" xml:space="preserve">Sicilia il Mamertino, Campagna il Falerno, Terracina, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16822" xml:space="preserve">Fondi i Ce-
              <lb/>
            cubi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16823" xml:space="preserve">in molti altri luoghi di innumerabil moltitudine, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16824" xml:space="preserve">uarietà generarſi le ſorte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16825" xml:space="preserve">le forze de i uini, lequali
              <lb/>
            non altramẽti poſſano eſſer prodotte, ſe non quando l’humore terreno con le ſue proprietà de i ſapori infuſo nelle ra
              <lb/>
            dici, nutre, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16826" xml:space="preserve">paſce la materia, per laquale uſcendo alla cima diffõde il ſapore del frutto propio del luogo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16827" xml:space="preserve">della for
              <lb/>
            te ſua; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16828" xml:space="preserve">che ſe la terra nõ fuſſe disſimile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16829" xml:space="preserve">diſtinta di uarieta d’humori, non ſarebbeno in Siria, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16830" xml:space="preserve">in Arabia nelle cãne,
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-07" xlink:href="note-0206-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16831" xml:space="preserve">ne i giũchi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16832" xml:space="preserve">nelle herbe gli odori ſolamẽte, ne ancho gli alberi, che ci dãno l’incẽſo, ne quelle terre ci dariano i gra
              <lb/>
            ni del pepe, nè le glebe della mirra, nè à Cirene nelle bacchette naſcerebbe il laſſere, ma in tutte le regioni della terra,
              <lb/>
            et in tutti i luoghi tutte le coſe d’una ſteſſa natura ſi ꝓdurrebbeno, ma ſecõdo queſte diuerſità in uarij luoghi, et paeſi
              <lb/>
            la inclinatione del mõdo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16833" xml:space="preserve">lo impeto del Sole ò piu preſſo ò piu lõtano facẽdo il corſo ſuo genera tali humori di que
              <lb/>
            ſta natura, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16834" xml:space="preserve">quelle qualità nõ ſolamẽte in quelle coſe ſi uedeno, ma nelle pecore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16835" xml:space="preserve">negli armenti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16836" xml:space="preserve">tai coſe non ſi
              <lb/>
            farebbeno dislimiglianza ſe le propietà di ciaſcun terrenno in paeſi diuerſi alla uirtu del Sole nõ fuſſero temperate.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16837" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>
Impressum