Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div578" type="section" level="1" n="100">
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16934" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="198" file="0208" n="217" rhead="LIBRO"/>
            figliuolo di Masſiniſſa militò col padre Ceſ. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16935" xml:space="preserve">queſti meco alloggio, per ilche mi era neceſſario nello ſtare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16936" xml:space="preserve">uiuere in-
              <lb/>
            ſieme ragionar’ alcuna coſa, in queſto mezzo eſſendo tra noi caduto ragionamento della forza dell’acqua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16937" xml:space="preserve">delle ſue
              <lb/>
            nirtuti, egli mi diſſe eſſer in quella terra fonti di natura tale, che quelli, che iui naſceuano, uoci ottime per cantare ha
              <lb/>
            ueuano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16938" xml:space="preserve">per queſta ragione ſempre mai cõprauanoi ſerui oltramarini belli, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16939" xml:space="preserve">le garzone da marito, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16940" xml:space="preserve">quelle inſie-
              <lb/>
            me poneuano, accioche quelli, che da loro naſce
              <unsure/>
            ſſero nõ ſolo haueſſero bona uoce, ma fuſſer di belleza nõ inuenuſta.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16941" xml:space="preserve">Quando adunque per natura tanta uarietà à diuerſi luoghi diſtribuita ſia, che il corpo humano è in qualche parte
              <lb/>
            terreno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16942" xml:space="preserve">in eſſo molte ſorti d’humore ſi trouino, come del ſangue del latte, del ſudore, dell’orina, delle lagrime ſe
              <lb/>
            in ſi poca particella di terreno, ſi troua tante diuerſità di ſapori, non è da marauigliarci ſe in tanta grandezza di ter-
              <lb/>
            ra ſi trouano innumerabili uarietà di ſughi, per le uene delle quali la forza dell’acqua penetrando meſcolata uegna al
              <lb/>
            l’uſcire delle fonti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16943" xml:space="preserve">coſi da quello ſi faccia diuerſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16944" xml:space="preserve">diſeguali fonti nelle propie ſorti per la differenza de i luoghi,
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0208-01" xlink:href="note-0208-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16945" xml:space="preserve">per la diſaguaglianza de i paeſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16946" xml:space="preserve">per le diſſimiglianti propietà di terreni. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16947" xml:space="preserve">Delle coſe ſopradette ſono alcune, che
              <lb/>
            io da me ho uedute, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16948" xml:space="preserve">conſiderate, ma le altre ne i libri greci ho ritrouate ſcritte, de i quai ſcritti gli authori ſono
              <lb/>
            Theophraſto, Timeo, Posſidonio, Hegeſia, Herodoto, Ariſtide, Methodoro, iquali con grande nigilanza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16949" xml:space="preserve">infinito
              <lb/>
            ſtudio dichiarato hanno le propietà de i luoghi, le uirtù dell’acque, le qualità de i paeſi eſſer à queſto modo partite
              <lb/>
            dalla inclinatione del cielo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16950" xml:space="preserve">Di queſti authori ſeguendo io i cominciamenti, ò trattamẽti, ho ſcritto in queſto libro,
              <lb/>
            quello, che ho penſato eſſere à ſufficienza con la propietà dell’acque, accioche piu facilmente da tai preſcritti gli huo
              <lb/>
            mini eleggino le fonti, con le quali posſino all’uſo humano condurre le ſurgenti acque alle città, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16951" xml:space="preserve">alli tenitori. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16952" xml:space="preserve">Per-
              <lb/>
            che tra tutte le coſe pare, che niuna habbia tante necesſitati all’uſo, quanto ha l’acqua, imperoche ſe la natura di tutti
              <lb/>
            gli animali ſarà priuata del grano, delle piante della carne, della peſcaggione, ouero uſando ciaſcuna dell’altre coſe, per
              <lb/>
            eſſa potrà difendere la uita ſua, ma ſenza l’acque, ne il corpo de gli animali, ne alcuna uirtù di cibo puo naſcere, ne ſo
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0208-02" xlink:href="note-0208-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            ſtentarſi, ne eſſere apparecchiata, per ilche egli ſi deue con gran diligenza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16953" xml:space="preserve">induſtria cercare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16954" xml:space="preserve">eleggere le fonti al
              <lb/>
            la ſalubrità dell’humana uita.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16955" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16956" xml:space="preserve">Dapoi, che ſi ſono l’acque ritrouate, era necc
              <unsure/>
            ſſario prouarle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16957" xml:space="preserve">eleggerle, ma per che la elettione preſuppone piu coſe proposte, acciò che di
              <lb/>
            tutte la meglio ſi caui, però Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16958" xml:space="preserve">doppo la inuentione ci ba propoſto mnanzi diuerſe qualità
              <unsure/>
            , & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16959" xml:space="preserve">nature di acque, accic@be poi di quelle ſi
              <lb/>
            elegga il meglio, la onde hora uiene alle eſperienze, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16960" xml:space="preserve">proue dell’acque.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16961" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div580" type="section" level="1" n="101">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head101" xml:space="preserve">CAP. V. DE GLI ESPERIMENTI DELL’ACQVA.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16962" xml:space="preserve">LE eſperienze, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16963" xml:space="preserve">proue delle fonti in queſto modo ſi procacciano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16964" xml:space="preserve">Se ſeranno correnti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16965" xml:space="preserve">aperto, pri
              <lb/>
            ma, che ſi dia principio à condurle deono eſſer guardati, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16966" xml:space="preserve">molto bene conſiderati, i circonſtanti à
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0208-03" xlink:href="note-0208-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            quelle fonti di che corporatura ſieno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16967" xml:space="preserve">ſe eglino ſi trouerãno eſſer gagliardi di corpo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16968" xml:space="preserve">chiari di co
              <lb/>
            lore, ne hauerãno le gambe cagioneuoli, ne gli occhi lippi, certamente le fonti ſaranno approuate
              <lb/>
            molto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16969" xml:space="preserve">Similmente ſe di nuouo ſarà una fonte cauata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16970" xml:space="preserve">poſto dell’acqua ſua in un uaſo di rame co
              <lb/>
            rinthio, ò d’altra ſorte, che ſia di buon rame, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16971" xml:space="preserve">quell’acqua ſparſa non macchierà, ſenza dubbio ella
              <lb/>
            ſarà ottima, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16972" xml:space="preserve">coſi ſe in un bronzino ſarà poſta à bollire, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16973" xml:space="preserve">poi laſciata ripoſare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16974" xml:space="preserve">dar giu, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16975" xml:space="preserve">nel fondo non laſce
              <lb/>
            rà l’arena, ò fondacchio certamente quell’acqua ſarà prouata. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16976" xml:space="preserve">Allo iſteſſo modo ſe i legumi in un uaſo con quell’ac-
              <lb/>
            qua ſi porranno al ſuoco, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16977" xml:space="preserve">preſto ſi cuocerãno, ſi prenderà argomento, che quell’acqua ſarà buona, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16978" xml:space="preserve">ſana, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16979" xml:space="preserve">coſi
              <lb/>
            niente manco di argomento ſi prenderà, ſe l’acqua della fonte ſarà limpida, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16980" xml:space="preserve">molto lucida, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16981" xml:space="preserve">ſe douunque ella an-
              <lb/>
            dra, nò ſi uedrà il muſco, ne ui naſcerà il giunco, ne ad alcuno modo è luogo ſara macchiato, ò ſporcato, ma ſi ſerà
              <lb/>
            chiaro, puro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16982" xml:space="preserve">bello, alla uiſta dimoſtrerà con queſti ſegni, che l’acqua ſarà ſottile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16983" xml:space="preserve">di ſomma bontà.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16984" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16985" xml:space="preserve">Ritrouata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16986" xml:space="preserve">cletta l’acqua è neceſſario condurla, ma perche nel condurla, è neceſſario, che l’acqua diſcenda, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16987" xml:space="preserve">uengaſecondo il ſuo corſo na
              <lb/>
            turale al determinato luogo, però che queſto ſi eſpediſca bene Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16988" xml:space="preserve">ci da la forma di molti ſtrumenti da liuellare le acque, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16989" xml:space="preserve">fra mol-
              <lb/>
            ti ne elegge uno, come piu ſicuro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16990" xml:space="preserve">di queſt o la forma mtera, ſi uedra chiara nella figura; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16991" xml:space="preserve">Liuellare, adunque altro non e, che prendete l’al-
              <lb/>
            tezza del luogo, doue l’acqua ſi troua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16992" xml:space="preserve">compararla con l’altezza del luogo, doue ella ſi ba da condurre.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16993" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div582" type="section" level="1" n="102">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head102" xml:space="preserve">CAP. VI. DEL CONDVRRE, ET LIVELLARE L’ACQVE ET DE
            <lb/>
          GLI STRVMENTI BVONI A TALI EFFETTI.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16994" xml:space="preserve">HORA delcondurre le acque alle habitationi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16995" xml:space="preserve">alla città, come fare acconciamente ſi deono, dimo
              <lb/>
            ſtrerò chìaramente. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16996" xml:space="preserve">Di queſto la prima ragione e il liuello. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16997" xml:space="preserve">Queſti ſi ſuol ſare cõ tali ſtrumenti, con
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0208-05" xlink:href="note-0208-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            lo traguardo, con i liuelli da acqua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16998" xml:space="preserve">con quello ſtrumento, che ſi chiama Cherobate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s16999" xml:space="preserve">con que-
              <lb/>
            ſto piu diligentemente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17000" xml:space="preserve">ſecuramente ſi liuella, perche il traguardo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17001" xml:space="preserve">il liuello acquario falla. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17002" xml:space="preserve">Il
              <lb/>
            Chorobate è una riga lunga piedi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17003" xml:space="preserve">X X. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17004" xml:space="preserve">La quale ha le braccia piegate da i capi egualmente fatte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17005" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            appoſte alle teſte della riga à ſquadra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17006" xml:space="preserve">tra la regola, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17007" xml:space="preserve">le dette braccia da i Cardini attaccati ſono
              <lb/>
            alcuni trauerh
              <unsure/>
            , che hãno li fili dritti à piõbo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17008" xml:space="preserve">da ciaſcuna parte i piombi pẽdenti dalla riga, iquali quando la riga ſa
              <lb/>
            rà fitta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17009" xml:space="preserve">drizzata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17010" xml:space="preserve">con quella toccheranno egualmente le linee della deſcrittione, dimoſtreranno eſſere poſte
              <lb/>
            giuſtamente â liuello. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17011" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſe il uento l’impedirà, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17012" xml:space="preserve">per lo mouimento non potranno eſſe linee dimoſtrare il uero, al-
              <lb/>
            lhora ſarà biſogno, che habbino di ſopra un canale longo piedi cinque, largo uno dito, alto un dito, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17013" xml:space="preserve">mezzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17014" xml:space="preserve">in
              <lb/>
            eſſo ſia l’acqua infuſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17015" xml:space="preserve">ſe l’acqua del canale egulamente toccherà di ſopra la libra, all’hora ſaprai eſſere bene liuella
              <lb/>
            ta; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17016" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17017" xml:space="preserve">coſi quando con quello Chorobate ſarà liuellato, ſi ſaprà quanto hauerà di altezza. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17018" xml:space="preserve">Ma chi leggerà i libri di
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0208-06" xlink:href="note-0208-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            Archimede forſe dirà, che non ſi puo drittamente liuellare l’acque, percio che à lui piace, che l’acqua nõ ſia piana, ma
              <lb/>
            di figura Sferica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17019" xml:space="preserve">iui hauere il centro ſuo, doue il mondo ha il ſuo, ma queſto è uero ſia l’acqua piana, ò ſpheria, ne
              <lb/>
            ceſſariamente i capi del canale della riga egualmente ſoſterranno l’acqua, che ſe’l canale ſarà piegato in una parte, nõ
              <lb/>
            ha dubio, che la parte piu alta non ſia, per hauer l’acqua della riga del canale alla bocca. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17020" xml:space="preserve">Perciò che egliè neceſſario,
              <lb/>
            che doue l’acqua ſia infuſa, habbia nel mezzo la gonfiezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17021" xml:space="preserve">la curuatura, ma i capi dalla deſtra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17022" xml:space="preserve">dalla ſiniſtra ſa
              <lb/>
            ranno egualmente librati. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17023" xml:space="preserve">La figura del Chorobate ſarà deſcritta nel fine del libro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17024" xml:space="preserve">ſe egli ſara la cima, ò l’altezza
              <lb/>
            grande piu facile ſara il decorſo dell’acqua, ma ſe gli ſpatij ſaranno lacunoſi, biſogna prouederli co i muretti diſotto.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17025" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17026" xml:space="preserve">Se uoi condur l’acqua auuertirai, che il luogo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17027" xml:space="preserve">alquale tu le uuoi condurre, ſia ſempre piu baſſo, che il luogo dal quale tu le conduci.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17028" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17029" xml:space="preserve">Puonti adunque à pie del fonte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17030" xml:space="preserve">guarda per li traguardi del tuo qnadrante al luogo deſtinato, in modo però, che il piombo cada giu dritto allà
              <lb/>
            lmea dell’ Orizonte, ſe la uiſta ti condurr à ſopra il luogo destinato ſappi, che l’acqua ſi potr à condurre, altrimenti non ſi puo, ma ſe da rupi, ò
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0208-07" xlink:href="note-0208-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            monti fuſſe impedita la tua uiſta farai molti ſegni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17031" xml:space="preserve">dall’uno all’altro mir ando ſempre al ſopra detto modo, tanto anderai inanzi, che da uno
              <lb/>
            de i detti luoghi potrai ucdere il luogo, delquale prima nõhaueui ueduta, come la preſente figur a qui dimoſtra, nel reſto il liuellare dell’acque e
              <lb/>
            a noſtri Tempi ben conoſciuto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17032" xml:space="preserve">lo eſſempio del Chorobate è qui dipinto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17033" xml:space="preserve">in ſomma oltra il capo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17034" xml:space="preserve">l’origine ſua tu non puoi sſorzare le
              <lb/>
            acque, cioè da ſe non anderanno mai ſopra la fonte loro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17035" xml:space="preserve">quando nuoi condurle per canali auertirai di fare i canali proportionatamente
              <lb/>
            profondi, perche l’acqua non ſi inalzerà ne per la poca, ne per la molta profondit à, la figur a è qui ſotto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17036" xml:space="preserve">de gli strumenti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17037" xml:space="preserve">di quello mo-
              <lb/>
            do di liuellar l’acqua.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17038" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>
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