Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556
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          <pb o="217" file="0227" n="236" rhead="NONO."/>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19016" xml:space="preserve">Delche ſeparatamente ſi deue renderne conto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19017" xml:space="preserve">Le stelle percoſſe nella parte che detto hauemo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19018" xml:space="preserve">dal raggio del Sole triangolare ſono rattenu-
              <lb/>
            te, che non poſſono tener dritto il corſo loro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19019" xml:space="preserve">dalla forza del calore ſono in alto leuate, ma queſto non coſi presto ſi può comprendere dalla
              <lb/>
            uiſta nostra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19020" xml:space="preserve">pero pare che ſtiano, di doue è preſo il nome di Statione. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19021" xml:space="preserve">Dapoi la forza dello iſteſſo raggio ua inanzi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19022" xml:space="preserve">il uapore le ſerza
              <lb/>
            tornar à dietro, come da quello ripercoſſe.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19023" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19024" xml:space="preserve">Eſpone questo luogo il Zigliero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19025" xml:space="preserve">dice. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19026" xml:space="preserve">Dichiamo auanti, che altro ſi dica la intentione di Plinio in ſomma pigliando lo eſſempio dal monte
              <lb/>
            Etna. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19027" xml:space="preserve">iui ſi pone il uapore del fuoco concetto nel fondo della terra manda fuori le pietre affocate, coſi il Sole ſcaccia le ſtelle, che ſe gli troua-
              <lb/>
            no appreſſo i luoghibaßi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19028" xml:space="preserve">uicini alla terra, ma in questa parte, questo manca allo eſſempio predetto, percioche alle pietre non ſoprauiene
              <lb/>
            da luogo alto altro uapore, che le faccia ritornar nel fondo, perche di natura loro diſcendono, ma il Sole di nouo ſoprauiene col ſuo uapore,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19029" xml:space="preserve">rincalza le ſtelle uerſo la terra.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19030" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19031" xml:space="preserve">Queſta ragione dice Plinio eſſer ſua priuata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19032" xml:space="preserve">non di altri, ſecondo, che eſpone il Zigliero. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19033" xml:space="preserve">Ma poi pare che egli ſi merauiglie di Plinio, perche
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0227-01" xlink:href="note-0227-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            la predetta oppinione molto prima da Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19034" xml:space="preserve">nel preſente luogo è ſtata dichiarita. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19035" xml:space="preserve">Tanta diuerſita uiene alle stelle, percioche iraggi del Sole
              <lb/>
            in altro tempo ſott entrano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19036" xml:space="preserve">quelli ſcaccia in alto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19037" xml:space="preserve">in altro tempo ſormontano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19038" xml:space="preserve">quelli deprimeno à terra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19039" xml:space="preserve">Queſta oppinione (dice
              <lb/>
            il predetto) ſi può con molte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19040" xml:space="preserve">euidente coſe rifiutare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19041" xml:space="preserve">Tra lequali questa ne e una, in che modo può ſtare, che il Sole, che è piu baſſo alle
              <lb/>
            s
              <unsure/>
            ſere delle Stelle ſoprauegna alle ſtelle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19042" xml:space="preserve">le ſcacci, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19043" xml:space="preserve">le sforzi à tornare, che ſe foſſero tutte le ſtelle in una ſoperficie d’una sfe
              <unsure/>
            ra, il Sole pero
              <lb/>
            ſtando preſſo terra, nel naſcere, ò nel cadere potrebbe tirar la stella, che fuſſe in alto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19044" xml:space="preserve">nella ſua ſtatione. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19045" xml:space="preserve">Oltra di queſto come ſi puo ima-
              <lb/>
            ginare, che i corpi celesti, che per natura hanno i loro mouimenti, ſiano all’imperio ſole ſcacciati, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19046" xml:space="preserve">quello imperio non ſia modera-
              <lb/>
            to, ma uiolento ? </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19047" xml:space="preserve">coſa, che eternamente non potrebbe durare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19048" xml:space="preserve">Aggiugneſi, che non ſi conuiene trasferire à ſcacciamenti fortuiti quelle coſe,
              <lb/>
            che indubitatamente riferite ſono à ritondi giri come à ſeſta ordinati, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19049" xml:space="preserve">pero molto bene ſi conuiene, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19050" xml:space="preserve">Plinio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19051" xml:space="preserve">Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19052" xml:space="preserve">in queſto paſſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19053" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            ua giu ancho la dubitatione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19054" xml:space="preserve">la ſolutione di Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19055" xml:space="preserve">ſecondo i modi, che noi di ſopra eſposti hauemo in ſaluare la diuerſità de i mouimenti.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19056" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19057" xml:space="preserve">Ma la Stella di Gioue correndo tra la Stella di Saturno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19058" xml:space="preserve">di Marte fa maggior uiaggio, che Marte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19059" xml:space="preserve">minor, che Satur
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0227-02" xlink:href="note-0227-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            no. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19060" xml:space="preserve">Et ſimilmente le altre ſtelle quanto piu lontane ſono dall’ultimo Cielo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19061" xml:space="preserve">piu uicine à terra ſi uolgono, tanto piu
              <lb/>
            preſto pare, che finiſchino i corſi loro, perche ciaſcuna di quelle facendo minor giro piu ſpeſſo ſott’entrando paſſa
              <lb/>
            quella, che è di ſopra à ſimiglianza di quello, che auuenirebbe, ſe in una ruota di Boccalaio poſte fuſſero ſette formi-
              <lb/>
            che, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19062" xml:space="preserve">tanti canali fatti fuſſero, nel piano della ruota prima d’intorno al centro, dapoi à poco à poco creſceſſero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19063" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            maggiori fuſſero appreſſo l’eſtremità, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19064" xml:space="preserve">che ne i detti canali conſtrette fuſſero, le formiche à raggirarſi caminando
              <lb/>
            tuttauia la ruota nella parte contraria, egli è neceſſario, che quelle formiche per tanto di meno uadino contra la uol-
              <lb/>
            ta della ruota, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19065" xml:space="preserve">quella, che ſarà piu uicina al centro nel ſuo canale, ſerâ piu preſta à dar la uolta ſua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19066" xml:space="preserve">quella, che fa
              <lb/>
            ra l’ultima, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19067" xml:space="preserve">maggiore circonferenza della ruota, benche ſia egualmente ueloce nientedimeno per la grandezza del
              <lb/>
            giro, che ella ha à fare, molto piu tempo ponera in fornire il corſo ſuo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19068" xml:space="preserve">Simigliantemente le ſtelle, che uanno con-
              <lb/>
            tra il corſo del mondo di loro propio mouimento fanno i propij giri, ma uolgendoſi ogni giorno il Cielo ſi uanno ſo-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0227-03" xlink:href="note-0227-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            pra auanzando.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19069" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19070" xml:space="preserve">Quello che dice Vitruuio in queſto luogo è facile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19071" xml:space="preserve">bello, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19072" xml:space="preserve">è ſtato da poſteriori uſurpato per dare ad intendere il contrario mouimento delle
              <lb/>
            sſere de i pianeti.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19073" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19074" xml:space="preserve">Ma che altre ſtelle ſiano temperate, altre calde, altre fredde, queſta pare che ſia la ragione. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19075" xml:space="preserve">Ogni fuoco ha la fiamma ſua,
              <lb/>
            che aſcende, il Sole adunque abbrucciando con i raggi ſuoi fa la parte Etherea, che è di ſopra, rouente.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19076" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19077" xml:space="preserve">Cioe come ſerro, che bogliente, e tratto dal ſnoco.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19078" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19079" xml:space="preserve">In quei luoghi doue la Stella di Marte traccore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19080" xml:space="preserve">però quella Stella ſi fa feruente dal corſo del Sole. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19081" xml:space="preserve">Ma la Stella di Sa-
              <lb/>
            turno, perche è prosſima alla eſtremità del mondo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19082" xml:space="preserve">tocca le congelate parti del Cielo, è grandemente fredda, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19083" xml:space="preserve">da
              <lb/>
            queſto prociede, che hauendo Gioue ad andare di mezzo tra queſta è quellla, dal freddo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19084" xml:space="preserve">dal caldo di quelli, come
              <lb/>
            nel mezzo, tiene effetti conuenienti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19085" xml:space="preserve">ſommamente temperati.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19086" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19087" xml:space="preserve">Tuttauia Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19088" xml:space="preserve">ua ragionando da Architetto, però non è che ſi affattichiamo in contradirgli, hauendo per certo, che ne freddo, ne caldo, ne qua-
              <lb/>
            lità, ne pasſione ſia la ſu, doue ſono quei Celeſti, e luminoſi corpi, i quali ſono ſtimati di ſuoco, perche rilucono, ma inuero ſono inalterabili, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19089" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            impatibili, ne perche riſplendono, ſi deue ſtimare, che ſiano di ſuoco : </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19090" xml:space="preserve">imperoche molti animali, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19091" xml:space="preserve">molte ſcorze d’alberi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19092" xml:space="preserve">molte ſquame di
              <lb/>
            peſci rilucono à mer auiglia, ne però hanno in loro fuoco alcuno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19093" xml:space="preserve">ſe quella Stella è detta calda, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19094" xml:space="preserve">queſt’altra ſredda, non e ſenon perche
              <lb/>
            hanno tal uirtù di produrre qua giu ſimili effetti, la doue lo influſſo altro non e, che occulta qualità de i corpi Celeſti, che non puo eſſer impe-
              <lb/>
            dita da alcuno corpo trappoſto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19095" xml:space="preserve">Ma torniamo à Vitr.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19096" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19097" xml:space="preserve">Io ho eſpoſto come ho da miei precettori hauuto della Zona ornata de i dodici ſegni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19098" xml:space="preserve">delle ſette Stelle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19099" xml:space="preserve">della loro
              <lb/>
            contraria fatica, con che ragione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19100" xml:space="preserve">con che numeri paſiano di ſegno in ſegno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19101" xml:space="preserve">finiſcono il corſo loro. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19102" xml:space="preserve">Hora io di-
              <lb/>
            rò, come creſca e ſcemi la Luna, in quel modo, che da maggiori ci è ſtato laſciato. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19103" xml:space="preserve">BEroſo, che dalla Città, ò uero
              <lb/>
            dalla natione de i Caldei, uenne in Aſia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19104" xml:space="preserve">fece chiara la diſciplina de Caldei, coſi ha confermato, che la Luna è da una
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0227-05" xlink:href="note-0227-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            metà come una palla lucente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19105" xml:space="preserve">acceſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19106" xml:space="preserve">dall’altra è di colore Celeſte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19107" xml:space="preserve">quando ella facendo il ſuo giro ſott’entra
              <lb/>
            al cerchio del Sole, allhora è da i raggi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19108" xml:space="preserve">dal impeto del calore attratta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19109" xml:space="preserve">fatta rouente, perche il ſuo lume, ha pro-
              <lb/>
            pietà col lume del Sole, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19110" xml:space="preserve">come richiamata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19111" xml:space="preserve">riuolta guarda le parti di ſopra, allhora la parte inferiore della Luna ci
              <lb/>
            appare oſcuta, imperoche per la ſimiglianza dello aere non è rouente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19112" xml:space="preserve">quando ſta à piõbo de i raggi del Sole, dicea
              <lb/>
            Beroſo, che tutta la parte luminoſa era rittenuta uerſo la parte di ſopra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19113" xml:space="preserve">allhora chiamarſi prima Luna. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19114" xml:space="preserve">Ma poi che
              <lb/>
            pa ſſando piu oltre ella ua alle parte Orientali del Cielo, abbandonata dalla forza del Sole, la eſtrema parte della ſua
              <lb/>
            chiarezza con molto ſottil ſilo manda à terra il ſuo ſplendore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19115" xml:space="preserve">coſi per quella cagione è detta ſeconda Luna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19116" xml:space="preserve">con
              <lb/>
            tinuando ogni giorno à rimettere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19117" xml:space="preserve">rilaſciare il ſuo giramento, e detta terza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19118" xml:space="preserve">quarta Luna. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19119" xml:space="preserve">Ma nel ſettimo giorno
              <lb/>
            ſtando il Sole à Leuante, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19120" xml:space="preserve">la Luna tenendo le parti di mezzo tra Leuante, e Ponente, perche con la metà per lo ſpa
              <lb/>
            cio del Cielo è diſtante dal Sole, ſimilmente hauerà la metà della ſua chiarezza, riuolta alla terra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19121" xml:space="preserve">Ma quando tra il
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0227-06" xlink:href="note-0227-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            Sole, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19122" xml:space="preserve">la Luna ſerà la diſtanza di tutto lo ſpatio del Cielo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19123" xml:space="preserve">che il Sole trammontando riguardera à dietro il cer-
              <lb/>
            chio della naſcente Luna; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19124" xml:space="preserve">perche ſara diſtante molto da i raggi del Sole rilaſciata nel quartodecimo giorno mande-
              <lb/>
            ra lo ſuo ſplendore da tutta la ruota della faccia ſua: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19125" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19126" xml:space="preserve">ne gli altri giorni quottidianamente ſcemando alla perfettio-
              <lb/>
            ne, e compimento del meſe lunare con i ſuoi giri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19127" xml:space="preserve">con eſſer riuocata dal Sole ſott’entrera col corſo ſuo la ruota, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19128" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            i raggi ſuoi faranno le ragio ni de i giorni di meſe in meſe. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19129" xml:space="preserve">Ma io eſponero in che modo Ariſtarcho Samio Mathema-
              <lb/>
            co ci ha laſciato gli ammaeſtramenti della uarieta della iſteſſa Luna con gran prontezza d’ingegno. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19130" xml:space="preserve">Non ci è aſcoſo
              <lb/>
            la luna non hauer da ſe lume alcuno, ma eſſer come uno ſpecchio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19131" xml:space="preserve">riceuere il ſuo ſplendore dallo impeto del So-
              <lb/>
            le. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19132" xml:space="preserve">Imperoche tra le ſette ſtelle la Luna fa il corſo ſuo breuisſimo piu uicino alla terra, adunque ogni meſe ella
              <lb/>
            ſi oſcura ſotto la ruota, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19133" xml:space="preserve">i raggi del Sole il primo giorno prima, che ella gli paſſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19134" xml:space="preserve">quando è col Sole, ſi chiama no-
              <lb/>
            ua Luna. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19135" xml:space="preserve">Ma il di ſeguente dalquale eſſa e ſeconda nominata; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19136" xml:space="preserve">trappaſlando il Sole da una ſottile apparenza della
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0227-07" xlink:href="note-0227-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            ſua rotondita, quando poi per tre giorni s’allontanara dal Sole, creſce, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19137" xml:space="preserve">piu illumina. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19138" xml:space="preserve">Ma ogni giorno partendoſi,
              <lb/>
            giunnta al ſettimo di eſſendo lontana dal Sole, che trammonta d’intorno al mezzo Cielo luce per la metà, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19139" xml:space="preserve">quella
              <lb/>
            parte, che riguarda al Sole quella è illuminata, ma nel decimoquarto giorno eſſendo per diametro nello ſpacio del
              <lb/>
            mondo dal Sole diſcoſta, ſi fa piena, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19140" xml:space="preserve">naſce quando il Sole trammonta, imperoche diſtante per tutto lo ſpacio del
              <lb/>
            mondo è cõtrapoſta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19141" xml:space="preserve">dallo impeto del Sole riceue il lume di tutto il ſuo cerchio, ma naſcendo il Sole alli 17 giorni
              <lb/>
            la Luna è all’Occidente abbaſſata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19142" xml:space="preserve">nel 21 quando è leuato il Sole la Luna quaſi tiene le parti di mezzo il Cielo, &</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19143" xml:space="preserve"/>
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