Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

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[51] P. Corona.o. Aſtragalus lesbi.C. cymatium Doricum.N. Hy-perthyrum.K. cymatium.F. Aſtragalus.IONICDORICCORINTH D P A O O C N P e C k H F R S L V K S T I
[52] Tuſcanici capituli partes.E. Abacus.F. Echinus.G. Annulus.H I K L. Hypotrachelium cum Apophygi.f a q. ſpatia centrorum.A B C. partes ſpiræ quibus in ueſtigio pariter A B C. reſpondet.A. Apopbygis.B. Torus.C. Plinthus. M E F q G H I k L h d C b a e D A a B C C B A A B C
[Figure 53]
[54] TVSCAN AE AEDIS COMPOSIT AE DISPOSITIO.
[Figure 55]
[56] a 4 3 2 1 o
[57] b 3 d e 2 1 f c a
[58] Ichnographia, orthographia, & ſchiographia œdis peripterœ.
[59] FRABES COMPACTILES.
[60] Figura apponenda erat in fine primi capitis huius libri.e c g a d b h h f
[61] FORI DESCRIPTIO.Z. euria.C. Platea ante carceres.D. platea ante ærarium.G. Eaſilica. G D B C
[62] SCIOGRATHI@B
[63] @SILIC AE
[64] ICHNOGRAPHIABASILIC AE
[65] Lateris Laſilicæ orthographia, cuius ſignum A, cum ſigno B præcedentis diagrammatis coniungendum.A
[66] Veſtigium Baſilicæ A. ædisAuguſtæ B. pronaum C.Tribunal D. Baſilicæ pa-ries E, F, G, H. Aedisparies I, K L, M. pa-rastatæ poſt columnas N. I K D 15 @ ped 46 B L M C E H * n n n pedes 60 *@20 * * * pedes cxx * F G
[67] In orthog ra-phia uero columnæ I, paraſta-tæ 20, pedum,2. prima porti-cus contignatio3. ſuperiores paraſtatæ 18. pe-dum 4. trabescantherium ſu-stinentes tectiporticus, quæ eſtinferior teſtudini5. columnæ e-rant Corinthiæ,trabes ex tribustignis bipedali-bus compactæ e-piſtylij loco poſi-tæ 6, pilæ tri-bus pedibus al-tæ, quaternisquoquo uerſuslatæ loco Zophori 7, aliæ tra-bes euerganeæcoronicis loco æ-diſicium præcin-gentes 8, pa-ries porticus circa baſilicam 9,pluteum primæporticus conti-gnationis 10.Lumina, o, tectaconſpiciuntur. 1 0 1 10 0 8 7 6 1 4 2 5 3
[68] HARMONICVM.dieſisdieſisditonus.
[69] CHROMATICVM.bemiton.bemiton.trihemit.
[70] DIATONICVM.hemiton.tonustonus.
[71] EXEMPLVM MONOCHORDI.VniſonumTonusSemitoniumDitonusSemiditonusTuo no
[72] Harmoni cum 92 1 {1/4} 1 {1/23} 1 {1/45} 69 15 8 216 345 360 368
[73] chrona molle 70 1 {I/15} 1 {r/14} 1 {I/27} 42 18 10 210 252 270 280
[74] Chromat non languid. 22 1 {r/6} 1 {I/11} 1 {I/21} II 7 4 66 77 84 88
[75] Diatonic nolle 21 1 {r/7} 1 {I/9} 1 {r/20} 9 8 4 63 72 80 84
[76] Molle inten tum 56 1 {I/8} 1 {I/7} 1 {I/27} 21 27 8 168 189 216 224
[77] Aquale 3 1 {I/9} 1 {I/10} 1 {I/11} 1 1 1 9 10 11 12
[78] Sintonu 24 1 {I/9} 1 {I/8} 1 {I/15} 8 10 6 72 80 90 96
[79] Diatonihem 64 {I/8} 1 {r/8} 24 27 13 192 216 243 286
[80] Hæc iam nota ſunt ex prædictis, & ex ſequenti figuratione.DiateſſaronquartaſeſquitertiaDiapentequintaſeſquialtera.Semitonium cum diapente.Sexta minorTonus cum diapenteSexta maior.Semiditonus cum diapenteSeptima minor.Diapaſonoctauadiſdiapaſon.diapaſon con diapentediapaſondiapentediateſſaron 18 16 12 8 6
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          <div xml:id="echoid-div218" type="section" level="2" n="55">
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6269" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="68" file="514.01.100" n="100" rhead="LIBER"/>
              ne non poſſunt pluſquam unam ſuſtinere contignationem, in ea autem maieſtate urbis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6270" xml:space="preserve">ciuium infi-
                <lb/>
              nita frequentia, innumerabiles habitationes opus fuit explicare. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6271" xml:space="preserve">Ergo cum recipere non poſſet area
                <lb/>
              plana tantam multitudinem ad habitandum in urbe, ad auxilium altitudinis ædificiorum res ipſa coe-
                <lb/>
              git deuenire.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6272" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6273" xml:space="preserve">Quod planis areis ad habitandum multitudo magna recipinonpoſſet, ad altitudinem ædificiorum peruen-
                <lb/>
              tum est, ut quod in plano fieri non poſſet, id in alto commode fieret. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6274" xml:space="preserve">Quare cum populares domus communi lo-
                <lb/>
              co conſtruebantur, lege cautum erat parietes maiori craßitudine ſeſquipedali non eſſe, ne craſſitudo parietum
                <lb/>
              maiorem aream occuparet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6275" xml:space="preserve">Siigitur uoluiſſent lateritios parietes conſtruere, oportuiſſet duplici, uel triplici
                <lb/>
              ordine lateron parium uſos fuiſſe, quoniam ſiminori ac ſimplici unicoque latere erexiſſent, non potuiſſent am-
                <lb/>
              plius, quam unamhabere contignationem; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6276" xml:space="preserve">debiles enim crudilateres ſunt, nec poſſunt ſustinere onera: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6277" xml:space="preserve">popu-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.100-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.100-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              lus autem Bomanus in altitudinem habitabat ob angustiam areæ, ideo leges non patiebantur lateritios eſſe
                <lb/>
              parietes, quoniam maiorem aream occupabant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6278" xml:space="preserve">parietes ergo quidomum circundabant non erant lateritij.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6279" xml:space="preserve">quæ res effecit, ut non adeo pulchrè eſſent populares domus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6280" xml:space="preserve">propter multas contignationes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6281" xml:space="preserve">materia-
                <lb/>
              tiones, quibus utebantur, ut in altitudinem erigerent domos ſuas, ignibus erant ſubiectæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6282" xml:space="preserve">Hinc Nero inex-
                <lb/>
              tinguibilem ſane ignem Romæ excitauit, nec extingui potuit, niſi maiori parte urbis abſumpta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6283" xml:space="preserve">Hinc Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6284" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              { Niſi diplinthij aut triplinthij } ideſt duorum, aut trium ordinum planorum, uel in corij latitudinem inſtra-
                <lb/>
              torum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6285" xml:space="preserve">plinthus enim laterem ſignificat, nos quoque craßitudinem parietum duorum uel trium quadrello-
                <lb/>
              rum dicimus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6286" xml:space="preserve">parietes autem nostri, quoniam eos ex coctis lateribus ducimus, ideo firmißimi ſunt ſi unius & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6287" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              dimidij, uel duorum laterum ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6288" xml:space="preserve">Illud autem obſeruandum eſt hoc loco. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6289" xml:space="preserve">Vitruuium populares domus hic de-
                <lb/>
              ſcripſiſſe per tranſcurſum, nā alibi de illis non meminit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6290" xml:space="preserve">priuatas autem domos ciuium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6291" xml:space="preserve">nobilium ſexto libro
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.100-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.100-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              deſcribit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6292" xml:space="preserve">{ Cæteri autem parietes ne ſpatia anguſtiora fierent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6293" xml:space="preserve">} Cæteros parietes intelligit eos qui habita-
                <lb/>
              tiones distinguunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6294" xml:space="preserve">in medianis partibus diſponuntur, nam ſupra de illis loquutus eſt, qui aream domus am-
                <lb/>
              biunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6295" xml:space="preserve">circumcludunt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6296" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6297" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Itaqve</emph>
              pilis lapideis, ſtructuris teſtaceis, parietibus cæmentitijs, altitudines extructæ contigna-
                <lb/>
              tionibus crebris coaxatæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6298" xml:space="preserve">cænaculorum ſummas utilitates perficiunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6299" xml:space="preserve">deſpectationes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6300" xml:space="preserve">ergo me-
                <lb/>
              nianis & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6301" xml:space="preserve">contignationibus uarijs alto ſpacio multiplicatis populus Romanus egregias habet ſine im-
                <lb/>
              peditione habitationes.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6302" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6303" xml:space="preserve">Pilæ lapideæ erectæ ſtructura coctorum laterum (ſic enim teſtaceum intelligo parietem) ex cæmentis factæ
                <lb/>
              multas contignationes, quas nos ſolaria, autem palchos dicimus, ſuſtinebant, unde cænaculorum commo-
                <lb/>
              ditas maxima & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6304" xml:space="preserve">menianorum, ideſt podiorum uel mutulorum ad ſpectandum deorſum venuſtas egregia ui-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.100-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.100-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              debatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6305" xml:space="preserve">Lex igitur optime conſuluit commoditati, unde Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6306" xml:space="preserve">non ignarus legum, quatenus Architecto ſat
                <lb/>
              eſt hoc quoque loco iudicatur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6307" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6308" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Qvoniam</emph>
              ergo explicata ratio eſt, quid ita in urbe propter neceſsitatem anguſtiarum non
                <lb/>
              patiantur eſſe lateritios parietes, cum extra urbem opus erit his uti, fine uitijs ad uetuſtatem, ſic erit
                <lb/>
              faciendum.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6309" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6310" xml:space="preserve">Vbi ampla area, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6311" xml:space="preserve">libera eſt, quemadmodum extra urbem, tunc ad uetuſtatem hoc modo erit faciendu.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6312" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6313" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Svmmis</emph>
              parietibus ſtructura teſtacea ſub tegula ſubijciatur altitudine circiter ſeſquipedali, ha-
                <lb/>
              beatq́ue proiecturas coronarum; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6314" xml:space="preserve">ita uitari poterunt, quæ ſolent in hìs fieri uitia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6315" xml:space="preserve">cum enim in tecto
                <lb/>
              tegulæ fuerint fractæ, aut a uentis deiectæ, qua posſit eximbribus aqua perpluere, non patietur lo-
                <lb/>
              rica teſtacea lædi laterem, ſed proiectura coronarum reiiciet extra perpendiculum ſtillas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6316" xml:space="preserve">ea ratio-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.100-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.100-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              ne ſeruauerit integras lateritiorum parietum ſtructuras.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6317" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6318" xml:space="preserve">Hunc locum Palladius lib. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6319" xml:space="preserve">primo clarius explicando ſumpſit, dicens. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6320" xml:space="preserve">Quod ſi lateritios parietes in præto-
                <lb/>
              rio facere uolueris, illudſeruare debebis, ut perfectis parietibus in ſummitate quætrabibus ſubiacebit, ſtructu
                <lb/>
              ratestacea cum coronis prominentibus fiat ſeſquipedali altitudine: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6321" xml:space="preserve">ut ſicorruptæ tegulæ, aut imbrices fue-
                <lb/>
              rint, parietes, non poſſint stillicidia penetrare perpluuiam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6322" xml:space="preserve">Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6323" xml:space="preserve">structuram illam teſtaceam cum prominen-
                <lb/>
              tibus coronis, loricamuocat: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6324" xml:space="preserve">proiecturas autem coronarum, intelligit prominentias ſuperioris parietis ad ar-
                <lb/>
              cendosimbres. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6325" xml:space="preserve">has igitur ex cocto latere fieri debere monet, nam facilius imbribusdurat, quàm lateritiæ ſoli
                <lb/>
              exſiccatæ.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6326" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6327" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">De</emph>
              ipſa autem teſta ſi ſit optima, ſeu uitioſa ad ſtructuram, ſtatim nemo poteſt iudicare, quòd
                <lb/>
              in tempeſtatibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6328" xml:space="preserve">æſtate in tecto cum eſt collocata, tunc ſi firma eſt, probatur . </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6329" xml:space="preserve">Nam quæ non fue
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.100-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.100-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              rit ex creta bona, aut parum erit cocta, ibi ſe oſtendet eſſe uitioſam gelicidiis e pruina tacta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6330" xml:space="preserve">ergo quę
                <lb/>
              non in tectis poterit pati laborem, ea non poteſt in ſtructura oneri ferendo eſſe firma . </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6331" xml:space="preserve">Quare maxi-
                <lb/>
              me ex ueteribus tegulis tecti ftructi parietes firmitatem poterunt habere.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6332" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6333" xml:space="preserve">Tegulæ ueteres uidentur iam probatæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6334" xml:space="preserve">quare utiliter, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6335" xml:space="preserve">ſecure ponuntur in structura, bene cocti, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6336" xml:space="preserve">ex
                <lb/>
              creta bona lateres eligidebent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6337" xml:space="preserve">de quibusſupra. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6338" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam uero aut impenſæ parcebant Romani, aut angu-
                <lb/>
              ſtiæ locorum inſeruiebant, ſæpe craticios parietes in medianis partibus diſponebant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6339" xml:space="preserve">quamrem improbat Vitr.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6340" xml:space="preserve">ſed cum neceßitate fieri oportebat, ut parietes huiuſmodi ſtruerentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6341" xml:space="preserve">leges & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6342" xml:space="preserve">regulas ponit, ut commode
                <lb/>
              fiant, inquit igitur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6343" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6344" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Cratitii</emph>
              uero uelim quidem neinuenti eſſent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6345" xml:space="preserve">quantum enim celeritati, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6346" xml:space="preserve">laxamenti loci
                <lb/>
              proſunt, tanto maiori, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6347" xml:space="preserve">communi ſunt calamitati, quod ad incendia ( uti faces ) ſunt parati. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6348" xml:space="preserve">Itaque
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.100-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.100-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
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