Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

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[131] a b g. concentricum. d. eius centrũ.t z. eccentricum.h. eius centrum.e z. epicyclus.g. eius centrum.d b. & g z. œquales.d z. parallelogrammum.motus {concentrici a d g. \\ epicycli e g z. \\ eccentrici t b z. uet t dg. \\ iugieccentric. a d t. anguli t b z. & e g z. œqua-les ſunt.angulus a d g. œqualis augulis. {adt. \\ adg. f n b a d o k
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[132] b k epicyclus.b. centrum eius.h. uigum.n. Antijugum epicycli.k. punctũ primœ morœ.c. mundi centrum.o. punctũ ſecundæ morœ.h l k. arcus primœ mo rœ.k n o. arcus regreſſus-o b k. arcus directio-nis. L K A H B N O C
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[133] Porfioni del cerchio che fannoſe s̃teſſe torno dlaTramòntanaTram ontanaSlmiſifudineTramonſangCarro che uoſge infomoalla Framonlana
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[134] a b c d f
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[135] A. ſectio parabole.B. vestigium. C. parabole.G. ſectio ellipſis.D. ſectio hyperbole.E. vestigium F. hyperbole. a f a f 1 f f f 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 4 3 3 4 5 4 4 5 6 C 5 5 6 F 7 A 6 6 8 7 8 7 7 D 8 9 8 8 9 10 11 10 10 11 11 11 11 b 12 g e d b e h d gf g b 6 7 3 1 2 4 6 8 10c g b E a 11 9 7 3 3 1 d 2 4 6 8 10 e ha f 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 a b c d 9 8 7 6 3 2 1 f b a H d g 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ff 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 g
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[136] m q 0 s k h c b s n L I p q s
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[137] Il polo.cqiunot.orizonte c e b a f
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[138] l n k mcridl. parte delverno E e h a s i 9 8 7 6 5della jtate 4 3 parte g h f x lacato manaco b r c linca del.piano t
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[139] Analemmatis figura.MERIDIAN: S. M. MLSLACITREVM.M.MERIDIAN: .S.OMVERTICAV.M..S.. O. M.ORIZON:W. A.STAB:
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[140] 11 ſ x d 11 p k 1 2 1 2 3 4 5f 6 r 11 10 9 8 7 n f m 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 1 02 3 4 1g c 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 e 11 10 9 8 7 q b o
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[141] 1 3 b x z g 2 5 f p 0 1 4 t I c e o n m r u 6 q i h 8 y d 5
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[142] 5 4 b 3 2 7 8 9 10 f 6 5 7 1 11 6 5 7 9 4 4 8 8 N 9 x 12 1 11 2 10 3 9 4 8 5 7 3 39 9 F 6 g 2 2 10 10 o a @ d 1 11 7 6 z 1 11 8 6 7 c 1 12 10 1@ 1 2 1 1 11 11 5 11 2 2 10 21 11 b f @ 8 3 3 9 9 12 1 4 5 g 6 10 8 11 1 9 10 2 2 2 10 5 7 2 z 9 c 8 4 7 5 9 3 10 4 8 8 4 3 7 2 10 7 5 9 3 1 11 12 8 4 11 1 10 2 0 @ d 7 5 9 3 I 8 4 7 5 6 c &
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[143] 5 6 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 1 11 4 8 3 9 d d 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 1 1 v n c
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[144] 12 1 1 1111 2 2 10 10 3 3 9 9 4 4 8 8 5 5 7 7 6 6 6 T 7 7 5 5 8 8 4 4 9 9 3 3 10 10 2 2 11 11 1 1 12
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[145] 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11 1 2 3 10 4 5 E 6 6 7
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[146] 9 3 4 2 8 10 11 12 1 5 7 6 6 G
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[147] 8 9 10 7 6 5 11 1 8 1 11 F
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[148] 16 15 17 14 14 18 19 19 13 13 20 20 12 12 21 21 11 11 H 22 22 10 10 23 23 9 9 24 16 16 23 23 17 17 22 22 18 18 21 21 29 20
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[149] 19 20 21 18 17 22 23 17 16 18 17 9 15 14 13 11 13 20 16 12 21 17 20 22 21 11 22 10 23 9 18 L 17 18 19
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[150] 23 17 22 16 18 9 21 23 19 10 19 20 22 11 21 20 13 19 14 18 15 17 16 K
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[151] 17 18 19 20 21 22 16 23 15 14 13 12 11 10 11 12 21 22 10 9 23 M
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[152] Q K r n r 12 11 K 2 2 @ 4 p 8 7 e t 8 9 c P 7 4 3 10 7 @ P 5 q P 6 2 8 7 q P t t 11 1 I 1 11 7 q p 2 10 q p 3 9 @ a e b 4 8 2 7 6 5 P 10 6 f P 9 3 8 4 f P 1 f P 11 10 2 a f b e 4 9 3 11 10 2 11 1 11 1 u m 12 15 @ d 12 4 5 m 3 4 5 7 8 9 d @ 2 @ 0 10 2 11 1 a 0 s 7 1 n P p 5 6 7 10 6 6 6 3 4 8 9 7 e 5 5 7 4 5 3 10 11 12 1 2 3 8 9 3 1 e H 23 10 22 24 23 22 15 16 17 18 19 21 13 14 20
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[153] Horologia in plano meridiani.6 5 4 3 2 1 7 8 9 10 11 12 u l d 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 b n n n n n 5 4 3 2 1 a c e c y n n n n n p 1 2 3 4 5 n ſ ſ 4 3 2 1 r 4 3 2 1 e 4 3 2 1 B 9 10 11 12 13 14 e H 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 e E g r 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 F g d 23 22 21 20 19 18 18 c g G d f a b e g c 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 f D e 11 10 19 18
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[154] Horologia in plano æquinoctialis.d b 5 6 7 4 8 9 3 g f k L @ m 2 10 l 8 1 11 a e b B L 1 f k m h @ z r s 1 n 11 A 2 1 10 12 3 9 11 1 4 8 10 1 2 5 6 7 b d 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 c 6 7 5 8 4 9 3 18 17 16 10 2 16 17 18 19 11 12 1 19 20 14 14 20 21 13 13 21 22 12 12 22 23 11 23 24 24 14 14 23 15 23 22 15 22 16 16 21 17 21 20 19 18 17 18 19 20
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[155] 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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[156] Instrumenta è regione poſita ſeruiunt fronti horologij ſequentis, illud uero inſerius eſt immobil-le ad aliud, & aliud ab artiſicio aquæ mouetur.B 270 A 360 stella.p.@ f 180 C 10 hircuſ@ 20 30 40 x cani ſminor* 50 60 70 80 90 C@nis Maior* D
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[157] 6 5 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 1 11 12 T R 12 L 11 1 A f C 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6
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[Figure 158]
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[Figure 159]
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[Figure 160]
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          <div xml:id="echoid-div251" type="section" level="2" n="56">
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7290" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="77" file="514.01.109" n="109" rhead="SECVNDVS"/>
              citq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7291" xml:space="preserve">eius uim, nec patitur ab eo ſibi cito noceri, propterq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7292" xml:space="preserve">pondus ab aqua non ſuſtinetur, ſed cum
                <lb/>
              portatur aut in nauibus, aut ſupra abiegnas rates collocatur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7293" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7294" xml:space="preserve">Pinus Tbeophraſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7295" xml:space="preserve">larix eſt, ut notauit Hermolaus, Plinius quinto generi ſitus idem, eadem facies larix
                <lb/>
              uocatur, materia præstantior longe, incorrupta vis, humori contumax, rubens@ præterea & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7296" xml:space="preserve">odore acrior,
                <lb/>
              pluſculum huic erumpit liquoris, melleo colore atque lentiore, nunquam duraſcentis, laricis morbus eſt, ut te-
                <lb/>
              da fiat, larix nec ardet, nec carbonem facit, nec alio modo ignis ui conſumitur, quàm lapides: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7297" xml:space="preserve">larix item
                <lb/>
              uſtis radicibus non repullulat, bæc lib. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7298" xml:space="preserve">16. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7299" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7300" xml:space="preserve">11. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7301" xml:space="preserve">ſed cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7302" xml:space="preserve">40. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7303" xml:space="preserve">eiuſdem libri, larix inquit fæminam habet, quã
                <lb/>
              Græci vocant Aegida, mellei coloris, inuentum eſt pictorum tabellis immortale, nullisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7304" xml:space="preserve">ſciſſili rimis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7305" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7306" xml:space="preserve">cap.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7307" xml:space="preserve">41. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7308" xml:space="preserve">Ampliſſima arbor ad hoc æui æstimatur Romæ uiſa, quam propter miraculum Tiberius Cæſar in eodem
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.109-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.109-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              Ponte naumachiario expoſuerat aduectam cum reliqua materia, durauitq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7309" xml:space="preserve">ad Neronis Principis amphithea-
                <lb/>
              trum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7310" xml:space="preserve">Fuit autem trabs è larice longa pedes centum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7311" xml:space="preserve">viginti bipedali craßitudine æqualis, quo intelligeba-
                <lb/>
              tur uix credibilis reliqua altitudo faſtigium ad cacumen æſtimantibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7312" xml:space="preserve">Quod vero Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7313" xml:space="preserve">de larice dicat eam
                <lb/>
              non concipere ab igni flammas, mirum eſt, nam aut nos laricem non babemus, aut certe contra experientiã
                <lb/>
              loquutus eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7314" xml:space="preserve">Arborem enim, quam nos laricem uocamus ardere maxime cernimus , niſi forte illud ſit totum
                <lb/>
              ſtipitem cum cortice, ut aliqui dicunt ſe obſeruaſſe craſſiori ſui parte, difficillime igni conſumi, ſed diſſectum,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7315" xml:space="preserve">in paruas partes inciſum ardere, ſed durum est Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7316" xml:space="preserve">non credere, qui etiam experimento comprob at, quod
                <lb/>
              dixit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7317" xml:space="preserve">illud quoque obſeruatum eſt flammas reijcere multas arbores, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7318" xml:space="preserve">quaſi dedignari, ut ait Philander,
                <lb/>
              notat Hermo. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7319" xml:space="preserve">tam arborem, quàm reſinam laricem uocari.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7320" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7321" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Ea</emph>
              autem materies quemadmodum ſit inuenta, eſt cauſa cognoſcere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7322" xml:space="preserve">Diuus Cæſar cum exercitũ
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.109-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.109-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              habuiſſet circa Alpes, imperauiſſetq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7323" xml:space="preserve">municipijs præſtare commeatus, ibiq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7324" xml:space="preserve">eſſet caſtellum munitum,
                <lb/>
              quod uocabatur larignum, tunc qui in eo fuerunt naturali munitione confiſi noluerunt imperio pa-
                <lb/>
              rere; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7325" xml:space="preserve">itaque Imperator copias iuſsit admoueri. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7326" xml:space="preserve">Erat autem ante eius caſtelli portam turris ex hac
                <lb/>
              materia, alternis trabibus tranſuerſis, uti pyra inter ſe compoſita altè, ut poſſet de ſummo ſudibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7327" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              Japidibus accedentes repellere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7328" xml:space="preserve">Tunc uero cum animaduerſum eſt alia eos tela, præter ſudes non ha-
                <lb/>
              bere, neque poſſe longius a muro propter pondus iaculari, imperatum eſt faſciculos ex uirgis alliga-
                <lb/>
              tos, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7329" xml:space="preserve">faces ardentes ad eam munitionem accedentes mittete. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7330" xml:space="preserve">Itaque celeriter milites congeſſerant.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7331" xml:space="preserve">poſtquam flamma circa illam materiem uirgas comprehendiſſet, ad cœlum ſublata, effecit opinionẽ,
                <lb/>
              uti uideretur iam tota moles concidiſſe. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7332" xml:space="preserve">Cum autem ea per ſe extincta eſſet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7333" xml:space="preserve">requieta, turrisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7334" xml:space="preserve">in-
                <lb/>
              tacta apparuiſſet, admirans Cæſar iuſsit extra telorum miſsionem eos circumuallari, itaque timore
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.109-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.109-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              coacti oppidani cum ſe dedidiſſent, quæſitum, unde eſſent ea ligna, quæ ab igni non læderentur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7335" xml:space="preserve">tunc ei
                <lb/>
              demonſtrauerunt eas arbores, quarum in his locis maximæ ſunt copiæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7336" xml:space="preserve">ideo id caſtellum larignum,
                <lb/>
              item materies larigna eſt appellata. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7337" xml:space="preserve">Hæc autem per Padum Rauennam deportatur, in Coloniam Fa-
                <lb/>
              neſtri, Piſauri, Anconæ, reliquisq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7338" xml:space="preserve">, quæ ſunt in ea regione municipijs præbetur, cuius materiei ſi eſſet
                <lb/>
              facultas apportationibus ad urbem maxime haberentur in ædificijs utilitates, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7339" xml:space="preserve">ſi non in omnibus
                <lb/>
              certe tabulæ in ſubgrundijs, circum inſulas ſi eſſent ex ea collocatæ, ab traiectionibus incendiorũ ædi-
                <lb/>
              ficia periculo liberarentur, quod eæ nec flammam, nec carbonem poſſunt recipere, nec facere per ſe.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7340" xml:space="preserve">Sunt autem hæ arbores folijs ſimilibus pini, materies earum prolixa, tractabilis ad inteſtinum opus,
                <lb/>
              non minus quàm ſapinea, habetq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7341" xml:space="preserve">reſinam liquidã mellis attici colore, quæ etiam medetur phthiſicis.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7342" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7343" xml:space="preserve">Atque hæc ſatis de larice dicta ſint, cuius maximus est uſus Venetijs. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7344" xml:space="preserve">Hactenus autem Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7345" xml:space="preserve">de materia
                <lb/>
              loquutus est, ea ſcilicet cuius præcipuus uſus in ædificijs. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7346" xml:space="preserve">Reliquam minutis operibus aptam prætermiſit, ſuã
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.109-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.109-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              cuique artificio relinquendo, ut prælum e ſapino atra potißimum fieri, funes ualidos e palmæ folijs, fuluam
                <lb/>
              cornum in uenabulis nitere inciſuris nodatam, arculas ex cupreſſu concinne effici, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7347" xml:space="preserve">alia huiuſmodi cernimus,
                <lb/>
              quia & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7348" xml:space="preserve">ex calidis igniaria fieri probamus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7349" xml:space="preserve">De ſingulis exploraiorum hoc uſus in caſtris, paſtorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7350" xml:space="preserve">reperit,
                <lb/>
              quoniam ad excutiendum ignem non ſemper lapidis occaſio eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7351" xml:space="preserve">Teritur igitur lignum ligno, ignemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7352" xml:space="preserve">concipit
                <lb/>
              attritu, accipienti materiæ aridi fomitis fungi, uel foliorum facillime conceptum, ſed nihil edera præſtantius
                <lb/>
              quæ teratur lauro, laurumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7353" xml:space="preserve">terat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7354" xml:space="preserve">probatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7355" xml:space="preserve">uitis ſylueſtris alia, quàm labruſca, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7356" xml:space="preserve">ipſa ederæ modo ar-
                <lb/>
              borem ſcandens. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7357" xml:space="preserve">Frigidißima quæque aquatica, lentißima autem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7358" xml:space="preserve">ideo ſcutis faciendis aptiſſima, quorum
                <lb/>
              plaga contrahit ſe protinus, clauditq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7359" xml:space="preserve">ſuum uulnus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7360" xml:space="preserve">ob id contumacius tranſmittit ferrum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7361" xml:space="preserve">in quo ſunt ge-
                <lb/>
              nere fici, ut ſalix, tilia, betulla, ſambucus, populus utraque. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7362" xml:space="preserve">leuißimæ ex his ſicuti & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7363" xml:space="preserve">ſalix, ideoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7364" xml:space="preserve">utilißimæ.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7365" xml:space="preserve">
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.109-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.109-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              Omnes autem etiam ad cistas quæcunque flexibili crate conſtant, Habent & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7366" xml:space="preserve">candorem, rigoremq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7367" xml:space="preserve">, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7368" xml:space="preserve">in
                <lb/>
              ſculpturis facilitatem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7369" xml:space="preserve">E cortice tiliæ fœminarum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7370" xml:space="preserve">cunæ fiunt, atque ipſæ nauium longarum aſſeres, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7371" xml:space="preserve">ar-
                <lb/>
              culæ, menſurarumq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7372" xml:space="preserve">nonnulla genera è ligno. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7373" xml:space="preserve">Nunc colligit ea de quibus dixit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7374" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7375" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">De</emph>
              ſingulis generibus, quibus proprietatibus natura rerum uideantur eſſe comparatæ, quibusq́;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7376" xml:space="preserve">procreantur rationibus expoſui. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7377" xml:space="preserve">Inſequitur animaduerſio, quid ita, quod quæ in urbe ſupernas di-
                <lb/>
              citur abies, deterior eſt, quàm quæ infernas, quæ egregios in ædificijs ad diuturnitatem præſtat uſus,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7378" xml:space="preserve">de his rebus, quemadmodum uid eantur elocorum proprietatibus habere uitia, aut uirtutes, uti
                <lb/>
              ſint conſiderantibus apertiora exponam.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7379" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7380" xml:space="preserve">Situs plantarum maxime conſiderandus eſt, nam in arboribus (dicit) Plin. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7381" xml:space="preserve">animaduertunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7382" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7383" xml:space="preserve">alijs Aqui
                <lb/>
              loniæ partes robustiores ſunt in totum, deteriores ex humidis opacisq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7384" xml:space="preserve">, ſpißiores ex apricis habentur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s7385" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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