Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9542" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="107" file="514.01.139" n="139" rhead="TERTIVS."/>
              opus continua ſubſtructione, fundationeq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9543" xml:space="preserve">totam aream implere, ubi vero ad ſoli ſuperficiem ſubſtructionem
                <lb/>
              erexeris, tunc murulos quoſdam efficies, quos Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9544" xml:space="preserve">ſtereobata nominat, inquiens.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9545" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9546" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Svpraqve</emph>
              terram parietes extruantur ſub columnis dimidio crasſiores, quàm columnæ ſunt
                <lb/>
              futuræ, ubi firmiora ſint inferiora ſu perioribus, quæ ſtereobata a ppellantur, nam excipiunt onera.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9547" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9548" xml:space="preserve">Cum fabrica apparere cœperit, tunc parietes quidam excitantur ſub columnis dimidio craßiores, quàm co-
                <lb/>
              lumnæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9549" xml:space="preserve">hos ſtereobata nominat, a firmitate oneris excipiendi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9550" xml:space="preserve">firmitas enim, ac ſoliditas pedis onus ſustinere
                <lb/>
              poteſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9551" xml:space="preserve">Stereobata quandoque baſamentum ( ut aiunt ) totius fabricæ ſignificat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9552" xml:space="preserve">hoc antiqui licet amplius in-
                <lb/>
              feriori parte facere ſoliti ſint, non tamen aſcendebat procliue, ſed ad modum gradationis, quemadmodum ad-
                <lb/>
              ſcripta deſcriptio ostendit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9553" xml:space="preserve">Stereobata quoque idem quod ſtylobata, ideſt colummarum pedes intelligebant.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9554" xml:space="preserve">
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.139-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.139-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              Stylobata uero quandoque ſingula ſub ſingulis columnis collocabant , interdum uero continua quadam ſerie
                <lb/>
              ſtylobatis totum ædificum cingebant, ea adiectione, de qua infra dicetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9555" xml:space="preserve">Pedeſtilos dicunt Itali. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9556" xml:space="preserve">Spatia uero
                <lb/>
              quæ ſunt inter ſtylobata, de his loquor, quæ in ſubſtructione ſunt, duplici modo fiunt, aut enim arcubus inter-
                <lb/>
              poſitis fi unt imminutione impenſæ, aut palificationibus crebris, ut firmitas ædis comparetur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9557" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9558" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Sin</emph>
              autem ſolidum non inuenitur, ſed locus erit congeſtitius ad imum, aut paluſter, tunc is locus
                <lb/>
              fodiatur, exinaniaturq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9559" xml:space="preserve">, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9560" xml:space="preserve">palis alneis, aut oleagineis, aut robuſteis uſtulatis configatur, ſublicæq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9561" xml:space="preserve">ma-
                <lb/>
              chinis adigantur quàm creberrimæ, carbonibuſque expleantur interualla palorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9562" xml:space="preserve">tunc ſtructuris
                <lb/>
              ſolidiſsimis fundamenta impleantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9563" xml:space="preserve">Extructis autem fundamentis ad libramentum ſtylobatæ ſunt
                <lb/>
              collocandæ.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9564" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9565" xml:space="preserve">Poſita regula ſubſtructionum in ſolidis locis, quemadmodum ſunt pleraq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9566" xml:space="preserve">Cretæ Inſulæ loca: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9567" xml:space="preserve">Docet quo-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.139-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.139-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              modo ſubstruendum eſt in congeſtitijs, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9568" xml:space="preserve">mollibus locis, cuiuſmodi ſunt Venetijs , & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9569" xml:space="preserve">ubi palustria loca ſunt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9570" xml:space="preserve">perfodi enim, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9571" xml:space="preserve">excauari ea loca iubet, mox palis configi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9572" xml:space="preserve">pali autem ſint ex materia, quæ in humore con-
                <lb/>
              ſeruatur, qualis eſt alnea, oleaginea, robuſtea, de qua ſecundo libro copioſe tractatum est. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9573" xml:space="preserve">Quomodo autem
                <lb/>
              configantur pali, omnibus puto notum eſſe. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9574" xml:space="preserve">Fiſtucis enim, quas nos Beccos dicimus adiguntur, uel opera ho-
                <lb/>
              minum anſis earum manibus comprehenſis, vel trochlearum ictibus intermiſſis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9575" xml:space="preserve">temperatis, æquisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9576" xml:space="preserve">ut re-
                <lb/>
              cti pali configantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9577" xml:space="preserve">nostri decurij
                <unsure/>
              s immiſſis palos adigunt lente admodum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9578" xml:space="preserve">inter ictus prolixo quodam
                <lb/>
              ad fastidium uocis tenore commorantes expectant, inde unanimes fiſucam reſumentes, iterum adigunt, ite-
                <lb/>
              rumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9579" xml:space="preserve">ad ſonum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9580" xml:space="preserve">moram ducentes alium ictum expectant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9581" xml:space="preserve">Sublicæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9582" xml:space="preserve">machinis adigantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9583" xml:space="preserve">Sublica uoca-
                <lb/>
              bulum volſcum, palum maiorem, ſeu oblongam trabem ſignificat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9584" xml:space="preserve">impleri autem carbone, ne humor offendat
                <lb/>
              fundamenta, etiam libro quinto Cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9585" xml:space="preserve">nono dicit Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9586" xml:space="preserve">Structuris ſolidiſſimis fundamenta impleantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9587" xml:space="preserve">Solidi-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.139-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.139-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              tatem aliqui ex minuta materia, nonnulli ex magnis lapidibus faciendam putant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9588" xml:space="preserve">Fundamenta uero foßas,
                <lb/>
              in quibus fundantur ædes, intelligit, quod & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9589" xml:space="preserve">primo libro, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9590" xml:space="preserve">quinto etiam innuit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9591" xml:space="preserve">Extructis autem fundamen
                <lb/>
              tis ad libramentum ſtylobatæ ſunt collo candi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9592" xml:space="preserve">Ecce quod ſtylobata uocat, quæ ſupra stereobata dixit . </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9593" xml:space="preserve">hæ ad
                <lb/>
              libramentum, noſtri ad liuellum dicunt, ſunt collocandi.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9594" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9595" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Svpra</emph>
              ſtylobatas columnæ diſponendæ, quemadmodum ſupra ſcriptum eſt, ſiue in pycnoſtylo,
                <lb/>
              quemadmodum pycnoſtyla, ſiue ſiſtylo, aut diaſtylo, aut euſtylo, quemadmodum ſcripta ſunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9596" xml:space="preserve">con-
                <lb/>
              ſtituta . </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9597" xml:space="preserve">In aræoſtylis enim libertas eſt quantum cuique libet, conſtituendi, ſed ita columnæ in peripte-
                <lb/>
              ris collocentur , uti quot intercolumnia ſunt in fronte, totidem bis intercolumnia fiant in lateribus .
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9598" xml:space="preserve">Ita enim erit duplex longitudo operis ad latitudinem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9599" xml:space="preserve">Namque qui columnarum duplicationes fece-
                <lb/>
              runt, errauiſſc uidentur, quod unum intercolumnium in longitudine pluſquam oporteat , procurre-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.139-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.139-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              re uideatur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9600" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9601" xml:space="preserve">Iactis fundamentis, extructis stylobatis, diſponendæ ſunt ſupra ſtylobatas columnæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9602" xml:space="preserve">eo ordine, ijsq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9603" xml:space="preserve">in-
                <lb/>
              teruallis collocandæ, quæ ratio operis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9604" xml:space="preserve">forma ædis poſtulat, ita ut pycnoſtylos ſua habeat præſcripta colum-
                <lb/>
              narum interualla. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9605" xml:space="preserve">item Siſtylos ſua , & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9606" xml:space="preserve">diastylos, euſtylosq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9607" xml:space="preserve">ſua, iuxta præpoſitam intercolumniorum nor-
                <lb/>
              mam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9608" xml:space="preserve">ubi animaduertendum eſt duplam eſſe debere interuallorum ſummam in lateribus ei quæ est in fronte.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9609" xml:space="preserve">nam dupla ædis totius longitudo ad latitudinem eſſe debet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9610" xml:space="preserve">ſi igitur in fronte quinque ſunt interualla, decem in
                <lb/>
              lateribus distribuantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9611" xml:space="preserve">ſi ſeptem quatuordecim. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9612" xml:space="preserve">ſi nouem decem & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9613" xml:space="preserve">octo. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9614" xml:space="preserve">Interualla igitur duplicanda ſunt
                <lb/>
              non columnæ, alioquin error eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9615" xml:space="preserve">nanque in lateribus, qui columnas duplicare uoluere, non poſuerunt in nume-
                <lb/>
              ro laterum angulares columnas, quæ ex fronte, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9616" xml:space="preserve">lateribus inſeruiunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9617" xml:space="preserve">Antequàm igitur ad baſes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9618" xml:space="preserve">colum
                <lb/>
              nas deueniam, pauca de ſtylobatis mihi dicenda ſunt, de quibus pauca a Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9619" xml:space="preserve">libro quinto dicuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9620" xml:space="preserve">Styloba
                <lb/>
              tarum duo ſunt genera, quicquid primo circum ædes baſis in modum, ſiue podium, ſiue firmamentum ſit,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.139-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.139-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              Stylobatæs nomine uocari potest. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9621" xml:space="preserve">Græci ( ut ſupra dixi ) ſtereobata uocant, quia perpetua firmitate ædes
                <lb/>
              complectuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9622" xml:space="preserve">Exemplar est in quarto libro, ubi rotundas ædes deſcripſimus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9623" xml:space="preserve">alibi ſupra. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9624" xml:space="preserve">Effectus ha-
                <lb/>
              rum baſium eſt, ut ædes a ſolo ſubleuentur, dignitatemq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9625" xml:space="preserve">habeant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9626" xml:space="preserve">authoritatem, nec parum afferant orna-
                <lb/>
              menti. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9627" xml:space="preserve">Secundo ſtylobatarum alterum genus erat, quod ſub columnis ponebatur abſolutum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9628" xml:space="preserve">liberum, quem
                <lb/>
              admodum in multis ædium deſcriptionibus ante poſuimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9629" xml:space="preserve">hæc ne que Doricis, nequ Tuſcanicis operibus da-
                <lb/>
              bantur, quare qui stylobata propria generum efficienda putant, ut aliud genus Doricis, aliud Tuſcanicis, aliud
                <lb/>
              detur Ionicis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9630" xml:space="preserve">corinthijs columnis, non bene præcipere uidentur . </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9631" xml:space="preserve">Stylobatarum conſenſus uarij in antiquis
                <lb/>
              operibus reperiuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9632" xml:space="preserve">Omnes tamen ex altitudine columnæ ſimul cum capitulo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9633" xml:space="preserve">baſi ſumuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9634" xml:space="preserve">alijs e-
                <lb/>
              nim ex tertia, alijs ex quarta, alijs ex quarta & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9635" xml:space="preserve">dimidia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9636" xml:space="preserve">demum alijs ex quinta totius altitudinis columnæ
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.139-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.139-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              cum baſi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9637" xml:space="preserve">capitulo fieri placuit, ita quod nulla ſit certa, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9638" xml:space="preserve">ſtatuta regula, ita ut Ionicum, Corinthium, &</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s9639" xml:space="preserve"/>
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