Vitruvius Pollio, I dieci libri dell?architettura, 1567

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                  <s id="s.002907">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  D. </s>
                  <s id="s.002908">Aſtragalus. </s>
                  <s id="s.002909">Talus. </s>
                  <s id="s.002910">tondino.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.002911">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  E. Quadra. </s>
                  <s id="s.002912">liſtello. </s>
                  <s id="s.002913">Filette.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.002914">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  F. è quella parte doue termina il fuſto della colonna, detta cimbia, ouero annulo, o leſtello
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                  dell'Apofige, della quale ſi dir à dapoi.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.002915">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  La baſa Toſcana ha di queſte parti, l'orlo, & il baſtone. </s>
                  <s id="s.002916">la miſura di queſta è, che eſſer deue
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                  alta quanto è la metà del diametro della colonna. </s>
                  <s id="s.002917">Queſta altezza ſi diuide in due parti, l'una ſi
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                  da all' orlo, ilquale in queſta baſa è fatto a ſeſta. </s>
                  <s id="s.002918">l'altra ſi dà al baſtone, con quella parte, che ſi
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                  chiama apofige, & apotheſi; che ſono certe piegature dalle teste de i fuſti delle colonne, che dan­
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                  no gratia mirabile, quando ſono ben fatte. </s>
                  <s id="s.002919">& pare, che fuggino, & ſiano ritratte. </s>
                  <s id="s.002920">però hanno
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                  in Greco queſte nominanze, apotheſi, & apofige. </s>
                  <s id="s.002921">quella di ſopra è detta collarino, & quella di
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                  ſotto, cimbia, & ſono in modo, che ſe amendue fuſſero congiunte inſieme farebbeno la forma del
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                  cauetto. </s>
                  <s id="s.002922">Lo ſporto dell' orlo è per la terza parte dell' altezza della baſa. </s>
                  <s id="s.002923">il baſtone ha tanto di
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                  ſporto, quanto l'orlo. </s>
                  <s id="s.002924">et ſi fa con la ſeſta; benche qui pare quadro, però ſi conoſce dal ſuo fon­
                    <lb/>
                  damento. </s>
                  <s id="s.002925">il ſemidiametro del baſtone, è termine della cimbia, perche ella non paſſa piu oltre il
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                  ſegno a. laqual cimbia, è l'ottaua parte alta dell' altezza di tutta la baſa. </s>
                  <s id="s.002926">queſta nelli generi Do­
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                  rico, Ionico, et Corinthio è parte della colonna, ma nel Toſcano è parte della baſa, et ſi fa a ſeſta
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                  in queſto modo. </s>
                  <s id="s.002927">Cada una linea dal dritto della colonna a piombo ſopra l'orlo, et quella parte,
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                  che ſporta oltra il dritto della colonna ſiapartita in tre parti eguali
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  1. 2. 3.
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  et uiene portata
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                  in fuori dallo eſtremo della cimbia. </s>
                  <s id="s.002928">dal punto a. al punto b. et allargata la ſesta dal punto a. al
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                  punto e. ſopra'l quale cade il dritto della colonna, ſi ferma l'un piede in b. et con l'altro ſi fa il
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                  punto d. ilquale deue eſſere centro di quel giro, che regge la piega della cimbia. </s>
                  <s id="s.002929">ſimilmente con
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                  quella ſeſta coſi allargata ſi piglia la diſtanza da, e, à c. ſopra il fuſto della colonna. </s>
                  <s id="s.002930">et poſta
                    <lb/>
                  la ſeſta in c. ſi taglia il punto d. ilquale è centro dell' Apofige, o cimbia che ſi dica. </s>
                  <s id="s.002931">la figura
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                  è quiſotto. </s>
                  <s id="s.002932">A. B. C. nella pianta ſono ſegni delle parti della baſa. </s>
                  <s id="s.002933">A. riſponde alla cimbia
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                  detta Apofige. </s>
                  <s id="s.002934">B. al baſtone detto Torus. </s>
                  <s id="s.002935">C. all' orlo, detto Plinthus, che nella baſa Toſca­
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                  na, è fatto a ſesta, come s'è detto. </s>
                  <s id="s.002936">La colonna deue eſſer altaſette teste con la baſa, & il capi­
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                  tello. </s>
                  <s id="s.002937">ma rastremata la quarta parte della' groſſezza da piedi, cioè uno ottauo per parte. </s>
                  <s id="s.002938">Nel
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                  capitello Toſcano ei ſono queste parti, Abaco Echino, Hipotrachelio, & Apofige. </s>
                  <s id="s.002939">Tutti i ca­
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                  pitelli conuengono in queſto membro, che ſi chiama Abaco. ilquale è una tauola quadra, detta
                    <lb/>
                  operculum da Leone, & Dado da noſtri. </s>
                  <s id="s.002940">perche è di forma quadrangulare, & nel Toſcano ſi
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                  puo chiamar zocco, & Plinthus. </s>
                  <s id="s.002941">Conuengono tutti i capitelli, che tutti ſi poſano, & s'incon­
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                  trano con le linee ciaſcuno della colonna ſua, nel fusto di ſopra, doue è fatta la contrattione, &
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                  diminutione della colonna. </s>
                  <s id="s.002942">Le miſure del capitello Toſcano ſonoqueſte. </s>
                  <s id="s.002943">Prima egli è alto quan­
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                  to la baſa, cioè per la metà della groſſezza della colonna da piedi. </s>
                  <s id="s.002944">Queſta altezza ſi diuide in
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                  tre parti, l'una ſi dà all' Abaco, o zocco, o dado, che uogliamo chiamare. </s>
                  <s id="s.002945">quella di mezo al­
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                  l'Echino, cioè ouolo, del quale ſi dirà hora, che coſa uuol dire. </s>
                  <s id="s.002946">La terza ſi reſtrigne all' hypotra­
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                  chelio, o collarino, & apofige. </s>
                  <s id="s.002947">Echino ſignifica il riccio di caſtagna, il riccio animale d'acqua,
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                  & di terra. </s>
                  <s id="s.002948">chiamaſi queſta parte Echino, perche in eſſa ſi ſcolpiuano iricci di caſtagna. </s>
                  <s id="s.002949">doue­
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                  mo imaginarci molti ricci di castagna l'uno appreſſo dell' altro aperti, & che moſtrino le caſta­
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                  gne quando ſono mature. </s>
                  <s id="s.002950">queſti fanno un bel uedere, & adornano mirabilmente. </s>
                  <s id="s.002951">Queſta par­
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                  te Vitru. chiama Encarpi, parlando del capitello Ionico: perche erano ornati di frutti, & di
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                  foglie, come ſi uede in molti capitelli antichi. </s>
                  <s id="s.002952">i moderni chiamano queſta parte Ouolo, non ſapen
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                  do l'origine, & parendo loro, che ſiano oua ſcolpite. </s>
                  <s id="s.002953">Encarpi ſi poſſono chiamare, feſtoni. </s>
                  <s id="s.002954">
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                  Hipotrachelio, è una ſottogola, alla ſimiglianza del collo dell' huomo. </s>
                  <s id="s.002955">Facciaſi adunque il da­
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                  do, o Plinto, per uno ſeſto della groſſezza della colonna, che uiene a eſſer un terzo della metà
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                  del diametro. </s>
                  <s id="s.002956">L'ouolo occupa la parte di mezo. </s>
                  <s id="s.002957">Questi accioche ſia tirato a ſeſta, biſogna
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                  tirar una linea dal dritto della colonna diſopra, fin all' Abaco, & diuidere in due parti eguali
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                  quello ſporto dell' Abaco che auanza, & di quelle riportarne una in dentro, & far punto. </s>
                  <s id="s.002958">a.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
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