Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

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[Figure 101]
[102] FRONTE.
[103] A
[104] Græcorum ædes earumq́; partium diſpoſitiones.A. peristylium amplum.E. peristylium primum.C. aditus amplus.D. aditus ab uno ad aliudperiſtylium.E. proſtas ubi eraut duæ antæ.F. G. Antithalamus.H. I. gynæconitides.K. cu-bicuUmdiebria.L. S. oeci,& bibliotecæ,& ubi ſunt pictores.M. R. pinacotbecæ.N. cyzicena triclinia.O. porticus ad ſeptentrionem.P. cellæ hostiariæ.Q. oeci quadrati.T. V. porticus ad triclinia cizcena.X. hypæthra loca.r. oeci magni ubi matres familiarũ cum lanificijs habent ſeſſiones.Z. hoſpitalia.1. thirorium.2. Equilia.3. cubicula.4. meſaulæ & andronæ.5. triclinia quo-tidiana.6. posthalamus.7. thalamus.8. porticus Rhodiaca altior. T QVNMRN8SALKICHXYYFEG76B543O32P21
[105] Pauimentorum genera.Filandri.Anticum.
[106] c d f b c 8
[107] CHOROBATES.2 I 3 2
[108] d 10 10 a d 50 50 50 c 50 ba s d s 7 {1/14} 25 s b ce 8 8 10 84 f hm 5 43 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 53 5 4
[109] Figura ex meſolabio Architæ ad inueniendas medias.c t @ @ q p o n m l k l h g f p e o ξ v M @ k I o h j ε δ r B d s R q P o N M L K I H G F E L x c 6 N ς ε ξ γ B a
[110] Veſtigium meſolabij Architæ.
[111] Orthographia meſolabij Architæ.
[112] Demonſtratio Eratoſtbenis. a g t cb f b d
[113] Instrumentum Eratoſthenis. m a x g n b c n i o l v q p b e f k d
[114] Vſ{us} demonſtratio Eratoſtbenis cum inſtrumento. a h n ek l i o d b 8 m c 4
[115] Inſtrumentum Platonis. f i n o m
[116] cubus. 8 8 64 8 8 8 8 512 8s e
[117] Demonstratio Archita. p l k b o i m b e d af
[118] Demonctration Platonis. d e b c g
[119] Demostratio ter tiæ proprietatis, & aſſumptionis Nicomedis.instrumentum Nicomedis. f h d g b s n m k a
[120] Duplicatio cubi. e a b c d f g
[121] Dimonctratio prrima proprie tatis. s n m l k
[122] Vſus inſtrume ti Nicomedis & eius demő ſtratio. l e b c g f a k h i
[123] h
[124] b d c e f g
[125] a b c e d
[126] Secunda proprietas lineæ flexæ.f n e b g i d m k c
[127] a. centrum mundi.b. oculus in ſuperficie terræc. ſydus.d. uertex.b c a. angulus diuerſitatis. c d 6 a
[128] a b deferens.c. deferentis centrum.d e. epicyclus.a. centrum epicycli.f. mundi centrum.a. iugum deferentis.b. antiiugum.d. iugum epicycli. d a e c s b
[129] a b g. concentricum.d. eius centrum.e z b. eccentricum.t. eius centrum.k z. epicyclus.b. eius centrum.d t. b z. œquales.t z. d b. œquales.motus { concentrici b d a. \\ epicycli k b z. \\ eccentrici z t e. \\ anguli œquales Sol utroque modo uidetur in z. per li-neam d z. e a t d b z b k
[130] a b g. eccentricum.d. eius centrum.e. centrum mundi.a d g. linea ingi.b. centrm Solis.e z. linea medij motus parallela li-neœ b d.c b. linea ueri motus.b e z. angulus œquatio. z b a d e
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          <div xml:id="echoid-div380" type="section" level="2" n="68">
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10867" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="128" file="514.01.160" n="160" rhead="LIBER"/>
              uerſam triremem oſtendit, templa imponuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10868" xml:space="preserve">Tempialia, quæ Itali uocant, quæ ſunt trabeculæ ad canthe-
                <lb/>
              rios tranſuerſæ contra tecti frontes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10869" xml:space="preserve">ſupra templa aſſeres; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10870" xml:space="preserve">ſunt autem aſſeres ligna quatuor digitos craſſa,
                <lb/>
              quæ ſupra templa, ſicut cantherij infra ponuntur, his ſuper imponuntur tegulæ, a tegendo dictæ, quorum ca-
                <lb/>
              pita ſibi reſpondentia in media aſſerum craſſitudine requieſcunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10871" xml:space="preserve">Atque hæc ſunt, quæ neceßitas nobis oſtendit,
                <lb/>
              tum ut tectum deplueret, nam ſi planum eſſet, uim niuium, atque imbrium ferre non poſſet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10872" xml:space="preserve">tum ut a parieti
                <lb/>
              bus aquas arceret, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10873" xml:space="preserve">optime colligatum, firmitatem præstaret. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10874" xml:space="preserve">Ita unaquæque res, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10875" xml:space="preserve">locum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10876" xml:space="preserve">genus,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10877" xml:space="preserve">ordinem proprium tuetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10878" xml:space="preserve">Locum tuetur, quia hæc infra illa ſupra ponuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10879" xml:space="preserve">Genus, quia alio modo ſi
                <lb/>
              commoda, alia ſi ampla ſunt ſpatia, utimur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10880" xml:space="preserve">Ordinem, quia quæ primo imponenda ſunt, primo imponuntur,
                <lb/>
              nec aſſeres infra cantherios, nec templa, ſub eoſdem collocantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10881" xml:space="preserve"># E quibus rebus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10882" xml:space="preserve">a materiatura fabrili
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.160-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.160-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              in lapideis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10883" xml:space="preserve">marmoreis ædium ſacrarum ædificationibus artifices diſpoſitiones eorum ſcalptaris ſunt imita-
                <lb/>
              ti, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10884" xml:space="preserve">eas inuentiones perſequendas putauerunt: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10885" xml:space="preserve">ideo quod antiqui fabri quodam in loco ædificantes, cum ita ab
                <lb/>
              interioribus parietibus ad extremas partes tigna prominentia habuiſſent collocata, intertignia ſtruxerunt, ſu-
                <lb/>
              praq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10886" xml:space="preserve">coronas & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10887" xml:space="preserve">faſtigia uenustiore ſpecie, fabrilibus operibus ornauerunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10888" xml:space="preserve">Tum proiecturas tignorum, quan-
                <lb/>
              tum eminebant, ad lineam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10889" xml:space="preserve">perpendiculum parietum perſecuerunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10890" xml:space="preserve">quæ ſpecies, cum inuenuſta ijs uiſa eſ-
                <lb/>
              ſet, tabellas ita formatas, uti nunc fiunt triglyphi, contra tignorum præciſiones in fronte fixerunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10891" xml:space="preserve">eas cæ-
                <lb/>
              ra cerulea depinxerunt, ut præciſiones tignorum tectæ non offenderent uiſum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10892" xml:space="preserve"># Antequam ueniam ad ea,
                <lb/>
              quæ hoc loco dicuntur, deſcribam utriuſque tecti, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10893" xml:space="preserve">commodi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10894" xml:space="preserve">ampli rationem.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10895" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10896" xml:space="preserve">Dixerat Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10897" xml:space="preserve">inſuper, colummas, antas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10898" xml:space="preserve">paraſtatas trabes imponi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10899" xml:space="preserve">ſupra trabes tectum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10900" xml:space="preserve">parteſque
                <lb/>
              explicauit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10901" xml:space="preserve">rationes culminis: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10902" xml:space="preserve">nunc oſtendit, quomodo ab illis partibus ornamenta deſumpta ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10903" xml:space="preserve">primo in
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.160-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.160-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              operibus e materia, deinde e lapidibus confectis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10904" xml:space="preserve">in materiatione igitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10905" xml:space="preserve">contignatione antiqui fabri, id
                <lb/>
              est artifices, ( fabri enim nomine artifex omnis intelligitur ) ſed hoc loco faber lignarius, uel ædificator in-
                <lb/>
              nuitur, antiqui ergo fabri in ædificijs trabes ducebant a pariete ad parietem, inter quas ſpatia relinquebant,
                <lb/>
              trabium uero capita extra parietes prominebant, coronis & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10906" xml:space="preserve">faſtigijs ornabant, ſed quoniam indecoram ſpe-
                <lb/>
              ciem prominenti a trabium capita præferebant, ea ad perpendiculum parietum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10907" xml:space="preserve">murorum, ne amplius ex-
                <lb/>
              tarent, ſecabant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10908" xml:space="preserve">tabellasq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10909" xml:space="preserve">figebant, ut præciſiones tignorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10910" xml:space="preserve">trabium non offenderent uiſum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10911" xml:space="preserve">Tab ellæ
                <lb/>
              autem illæ cæra cerulea depictæ, triglyphos referebant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10912" xml:space="preserve">ſunt autem triglyphi membra tribus canaliculis ex-
                <lb/>
              cauata, ſub quibus guttæ collocantur, ut patet in operibus Doricis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10913" xml:space="preserve">Sed hæc quæ hactenus dicta ſunt, in ma-
                <lb/>
              teriatione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10914" xml:space="preserve">contignatione obſeruata intelligimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10915" xml:space="preserve">quæ ſequuntur ad lapidea pertinent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10916" xml:space="preserve">Cæra autem depin-
                <lb/>
              gebatur, inurebaturq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10917" xml:space="preserve">pictura. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10918" xml:space="preserve">nam cæra igni reſoluta penicillo data utebantur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10919" xml:space="preserve">encauſticem nonnulli uo-
                <lb/>
              cant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10920" xml:space="preserve">de quibus Plin.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10921" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10922" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Ita</emph>
              diuiſiones tignorum tectæ triglyphorum diſpoſitione, intertignium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10923" xml:space="preserve">opam habere in Do-
                <lb/>
              ricis operibus cœperunt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10924" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10925" xml:space="preserve">Ex capitibus tignorum ſectis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10926" xml:space="preserve">tabellis cæra depictis, item ex ſpatijs, quæ inter tignos erant, quæ inter-
                <lb/>
              tignia dicuntur, translatæ ſunt rationes triglyphorum in opera Dorica, ut ſciamus rationem reddere, unde
                <lb/>
              metopæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10927" xml:space="preserve">triglyphi originem duxere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10928" xml:space="preserve">metopa enim ſpatium inter tigna ostendit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10929" xml:space="preserve">Opæ enim ſunt tigno-
                <lb/>
              rum cubilia.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10930" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10931" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Postea</emph>
              alij in alijs operibus ad perpendiculum triglyphorum cantherios prominentes proiece-
                <lb/>
              runt, eorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10932" xml:space="preserve">proiecturas ſinuauerunt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10933" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10934" xml:space="preserve">In operibus ligneis, alij quoque fabri fuere, qui contra triglyphos inſuperponentes cantherios, eos promi-
                <lb/>
              nere faciebant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10935" xml:space="preserve">eorum proiecturas inſinuabant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10936" xml:space="preserve">prominere enim uolebant, ut aqua longe arceretur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10937" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.160-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.160-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              ſinuabant, ne inuoluerentur guttæ in partem interiorem, ex quarum rerum imitatione, quid factum ſit, do-
                <lb/>
              cet Vitru.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10938" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10939" xml:space="preserve">Ex eo uti e tignorum diſpoſitionibus triglyphi, ita e cantheriorum proiecturis, mutulorum ſub
                <lb/>
              coronis ratio eſt inuenta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10940" xml:space="preserve">Ita ferè in operibus lapideis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10941" xml:space="preserve">marmoreis mutuli inclinati ſcalpturis de-
                <lb/>
              formantur, quod imitatio eſt cantheriorum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10942" xml:space="preserve">Etenim neceſſario propter ſtillicidia proclinati collo-
                <lb/>
              cantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10943" xml:space="preserve">Ergo & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10944" xml:space="preserve">triglyphorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10945" xml:space="preserve">mutulorum in Doricis operibus, ratio ex ea imitatione inuenta eſt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10946" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10947" xml:space="preserve">Quemadmodum triglyphi tignorum capita, ita cantheriorum proiecturas mutuli referunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10948" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10949" xml:space="preserve">Dorici ope-
                <lb/>
              ris ornamenta perfecta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10950" xml:space="preserve">Mutuli autem ſub coronis ponuntur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10951" xml:space="preserve">non in zophoris. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10952" xml:space="preserve">Mutulorum ratio ( ut ſu-
                <lb/>
              pra dictum eſt ) a Doricis ad Corinthia opera translata eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10953" xml:space="preserve">Sed in Doricis ita deformatur, ut cum triglyphis
                <lb/>
              ſtare poſſit, in Corinthijs minime. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10954" xml:space="preserve">Ornamentum uero hoc in Doricis ita deformatur, ut ſubiecta oſtendit figura.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10955" xml:space="preserve">
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.160-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.160-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              ubi A. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10956" xml:space="preserve">mutuli. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10957" xml:space="preserve"># ubi B. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10958" xml:space="preserve">triglyphi.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10959" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10960" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Non</emph>
              enim quemadmodum nonnulli errantes dixerunt feneſtrarum imagines eſſe triglyphos, ita
                <lb/>
              poteſt eſſe, quod in angulis contraq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10961" xml:space="preserve">tetrantes columnarum triglyphi conſtituantur, quibus in locis
                <lb/>
              omnino non patiuntur res ſeneſtras fieri. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10962" xml:space="preserve">Diſſoluuntur enim angulorum in ædiſiciis iuncturæ, ſi in
                <lb/>
              his ſuerint ſeneſtrarum lumina relicta; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10963" xml:space="preserve">etiamq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10964" xml:space="preserve">ubi nunc triglyphi conſtituuntur, ſi ibi luminum ſpa-
                <lb/>
              tia, fuiſſe iudicabuntur, ijſdem rationibus denticuli in Ionicis feneſtrarum occupauiſſe loca uidebũtur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10965" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10966" xml:space="preserve">Aedificiorum anguli tanquam oſſa firmi eſſe debent, quare errant maxime, qui fenestras in angulis po-
                <lb/>
              nunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10967" xml:space="preserve">Diſſoluuntur enim iuncturæ, ſi in angulis lumina, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10968" xml:space="preserve">apertiones fiant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10969" xml:space="preserve">Error hic in urbe noſtra commu-
                <lb/>
              nis eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10970" xml:space="preserve">cum igitur feneſtr æ in angulis facienæ non ſint, err ant, qui putant triglyphos eſſe imagines feneſtra-
                <lb/>
              rum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10971" xml:space="preserve">non cantheriorum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10972" xml:space="preserve">eſt & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10973" xml:space="preserve">alia ratio a ſimili ducta, nam ſi in Doricis ubi triglyphi collocantur, ibi ſint
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.160-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.160-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
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