Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div380" type="section" level="2" n="68">
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10867" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="128" file="514.01.160" n="160" rhead="LIBER"/>
              uerſam triremem oſtendit, templa imponuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10868" xml:space="preserve">Tempialia, quæ Itali uocant, quæ ſunt trabeculæ ad canthe-
                <lb/>
              rios tranſuerſæ contra tecti frontes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10869" xml:space="preserve">ſupra templa aſſeres; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10870" xml:space="preserve">ſunt autem aſſeres ligna quatuor digitos craſſa,
                <lb/>
              quæ ſupra templa, ſicut cantherij infra ponuntur, his ſuper imponuntur tegulæ, a tegendo dictæ, quorum ca-
                <lb/>
              pita ſibi reſpondentia in media aſſerum craſſitudine requieſcunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10871" xml:space="preserve">Atque hæc ſunt, quæ neceßitas nobis oſtendit,
                <lb/>
              tum ut tectum deplueret, nam ſi planum eſſet, uim niuium, atque imbrium ferre non poſſet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10872" xml:space="preserve">tum ut a parieti
                <lb/>
              bus aquas arceret, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10873" xml:space="preserve">optime colligatum, firmitatem præstaret. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10874" xml:space="preserve">Ita unaquæque res, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10875" xml:space="preserve">locum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10876" xml:space="preserve">genus,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10877" xml:space="preserve">ordinem proprium tuetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10878" xml:space="preserve">Locum tuetur, quia hæc infra illa ſupra ponuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10879" xml:space="preserve">Genus, quia alio modo ſi
                <lb/>
              commoda, alia ſi ampla ſunt ſpatia, utimur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10880" xml:space="preserve">Ordinem, quia quæ primo imponenda ſunt, primo imponuntur,
                <lb/>
              nec aſſeres infra cantherios, nec templa, ſub eoſdem collocantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10881" xml:space="preserve"># E quibus rebus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10882" xml:space="preserve">a materiatura fabrili
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.160-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.160-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              in lapideis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10883" xml:space="preserve">marmoreis ædium ſacrarum ædificationibus artifices diſpoſitiones eorum ſcalptaris ſunt imita-
                <lb/>
              ti, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10884" xml:space="preserve">eas inuentiones perſequendas putauerunt: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10885" xml:space="preserve">ideo quod antiqui fabri quodam in loco ædificantes, cum ita ab
                <lb/>
              interioribus parietibus ad extremas partes tigna prominentia habuiſſent collocata, intertignia ſtruxerunt, ſu-
                <lb/>
              praq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10886" xml:space="preserve">coronas & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10887" xml:space="preserve">faſtigia uenustiore ſpecie, fabrilibus operibus ornauerunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10888" xml:space="preserve">Tum proiecturas tignorum, quan-
                <lb/>
              tum eminebant, ad lineam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10889" xml:space="preserve">perpendiculum parietum perſecuerunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10890" xml:space="preserve">quæ ſpecies, cum inuenuſta ijs uiſa eſ-
                <lb/>
              ſet, tabellas ita formatas, uti nunc fiunt triglyphi, contra tignorum præciſiones in fronte fixerunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10891" xml:space="preserve">eas cæ-
                <lb/>
              ra cerulea depinxerunt, ut præciſiones tignorum tectæ non offenderent uiſum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10892" xml:space="preserve"># Antequam ueniam ad ea,
                <lb/>
              quæ hoc loco dicuntur, deſcribam utriuſque tecti, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10893" xml:space="preserve">commodi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10894" xml:space="preserve">ampli rationem.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10895" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10896" xml:space="preserve">Dixerat Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10897" xml:space="preserve">inſuper, colummas, antas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10898" xml:space="preserve">paraſtatas trabes imponi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10899" xml:space="preserve">ſupra trabes tectum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10900" xml:space="preserve">parteſque
                <lb/>
              explicauit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10901" xml:space="preserve">rationes culminis: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10902" xml:space="preserve">nunc oſtendit, quomodo ab illis partibus ornamenta deſumpta ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10903" xml:space="preserve">primo in
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.160-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.160-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              operibus e materia, deinde e lapidibus confectis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10904" xml:space="preserve">in materiatione igitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10905" xml:space="preserve">contignatione antiqui fabri, id
                <lb/>
              est artifices, ( fabri enim nomine artifex omnis intelligitur ) ſed hoc loco faber lignarius, uel ædificator in-
                <lb/>
              nuitur, antiqui ergo fabri in ædificijs trabes ducebant a pariete ad parietem, inter quas ſpatia relinquebant,
                <lb/>
              trabium uero capita extra parietes prominebant, coronis & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10906" xml:space="preserve">faſtigijs ornabant, ſed quoniam indecoram ſpe-
                <lb/>
              ciem prominenti a trabium capita præferebant, ea ad perpendiculum parietum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10907" xml:space="preserve">murorum, ne amplius ex-
                <lb/>
              tarent, ſecabant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10908" xml:space="preserve">tabellasq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10909" xml:space="preserve">figebant, ut præciſiones tignorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10910" xml:space="preserve">trabium non offenderent uiſum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10911" xml:space="preserve">Tab ellæ
                <lb/>
              autem illæ cæra cerulea depictæ, triglyphos referebant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10912" xml:space="preserve">ſunt autem triglyphi membra tribus canaliculis ex-
                <lb/>
              cauata, ſub quibus guttæ collocantur, ut patet in operibus Doricis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10913" xml:space="preserve">Sed hæc quæ hactenus dicta ſunt, in ma-
                <lb/>
              teriatione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10914" xml:space="preserve">contignatione obſeruata intelligimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10915" xml:space="preserve">quæ ſequuntur ad lapidea pertinent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10916" xml:space="preserve">Cæra autem depin-
                <lb/>
              gebatur, inurebaturq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10917" xml:space="preserve">pictura. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10918" xml:space="preserve">nam cæra igni reſoluta penicillo data utebantur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10919" xml:space="preserve">encauſticem nonnulli uo-
                <lb/>
              cant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10920" xml:space="preserve">de quibus Plin.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10921" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10922" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Ita</emph>
              diuiſiones tignorum tectæ triglyphorum diſpoſitione, intertignium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10923" xml:space="preserve">opam habere in Do-
                <lb/>
              ricis operibus cœperunt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10924" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10925" xml:space="preserve">Ex capitibus tignorum ſectis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10926" xml:space="preserve">tabellis cæra depictis, item ex ſpatijs, quæ inter tignos erant, quæ inter-
                <lb/>
              tignia dicuntur, translatæ ſunt rationes triglyphorum in opera Dorica, ut ſciamus rationem reddere, unde
                <lb/>
              metopæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10927" xml:space="preserve">triglyphi originem duxere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10928" xml:space="preserve">metopa enim ſpatium inter tigna ostendit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10929" xml:space="preserve">Opæ enim ſunt tigno-
                <lb/>
              rum cubilia.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10930" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10931" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Postea</emph>
              alij in alijs operibus ad perpendiculum triglyphorum cantherios prominentes proiece-
                <lb/>
              runt, eorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10932" xml:space="preserve">proiecturas ſinuauerunt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10933" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10934" xml:space="preserve">In operibus ligneis, alij quoque fabri fuere, qui contra triglyphos inſuperponentes cantherios, eos promi-
                <lb/>
              nere faciebant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10935" xml:space="preserve">eorum proiecturas inſinuabant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10936" xml:space="preserve">prominere enim uolebant, ut aqua longe arceretur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10937" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.160-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.160-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              ſinuabant, ne inuoluerentur guttæ in partem interiorem, ex quarum rerum imitatione, quid factum ſit, do-
                <lb/>
              cet Vitru.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10938" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10939" xml:space="preserve">Ex eo uti e tignorum diſpoſitionibus triglyphi, ita e cantheriorum proiecturis, mutulorum ſub
                <lb/>
              coronis ratio eſt inuenta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10940" xml:space="preserve">Ita ferè in operibus lapideis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10941" xml:space="preserve">marmoreis mutuli inclinati ſcalpturis de-
                <lb/>
              formantur, quod imitatio eſt cantheriorum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10942" xml:space="preserve">Etenim neceſſario propter ſtillicidia proclinati collo-
                <lb/>
              cantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10943" xml:space="preserve">Ergo & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10944" xml:space="preserve">triglyphorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10945" xml:space="preserve">mutulorum in Doricis operibus, ratio ex ea imitatione inuenta eſt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10946" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10947" xml:space="preserve">Quemadmodum triglyphi tignorum capita, ita cantheriorum proiecturas mutuli referunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10948" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10949" xml:space="preserve">Dorici ope-
                <lb/>
              ris ornamenta perfecta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10950" xml:space="preserve">Mutuli autem ſub coronis ponuntur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10951" xml:space="preserve">non in zophoris. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10952" xml:space="preserve">Mutulorum ratio ( ut ſu-
                <lb/>
              pra dictum eſt ) a Doricis ad Corinthia opera translata eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10953" xml:space="preserve">Sed in Doricis ita deformatur, ut cum triglyphis
                <lb/>
              ſtare poſſit, in Corinthijs minime. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10954" xml:space="preserve">Ornamentum uero hoc in Doricis ita deformatur, ut ſubiecta oſtendit figura.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10955" xml:space="preserve">
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.160-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.160-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              ubi A. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10956" xml:space="preserve">mutuli. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10957" xml:space="preserve"># ubi B. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10958" xml:space="preserve">triglyphi.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10959" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10960" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Non</emph>
              enim quemadmodum nonnulli errantes dixerunt feneſtrarum imagines eſſe triglyphos, ita
                <lb/>
              poteſt eſſe, quod in angulis contraq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10961" xml:space="preserve">tetrantes columnarum triglyphi conſtituantur, quibus in locis
                <lb/>
              omnino non patiuntur res ſeneſtras fieri. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10962" xml:space="preserve">Diſſoluuntur enim angulorum in ædiſiciis iuncturæ, ſi in
                <lb/>
              his ſuerint ſeneſtrarum lumina relicta; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10963" xml:space="preserve">etiamq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10964" xml:space="preserve">ubi nunc triglyphi conſtituuntur, ſi ibi luminum ſpa-
                <lb/>
              tia, fuiſſe iudicabuntur, ijſdem rationibus denticuli in Ionicis feneſtrarum occupauiſſe loca uidebũtur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10965" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10966" xml:space="preserve">Aedificiorum anguli tanquam oſſa firmi eſſe debent, quare errant maxime, qui fenestras in angulis po-
                <lb/>
              nunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10967" xml:space="preserve">Diſſoluuntur enim iuncturæ, ſi in angulis lumina, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10968" xml:space="preserve">apertiones fiant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10969" xml:space="preserve">Error hic in urbe noſtra commu-
                <lb/>
              nis eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10970" xml:space="preserve">cum igitur feneſtr æ in angulis facienæ non ſint, err ant, qui putant triglyphos eſſe imagines feneſtra-
                <lb/>
              rum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10971" xml:space="preserve">non cantheriorum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10972" xml:space="preserve">eſt & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s10973" xml:space="preserve">alia ratio a ſimili ducta, nam ſi in Doricis ubi triglyphi collocantur, ibi ſint
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.160-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.160-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
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