Vitruvius Pollio, I dieci libri dell?architettura, 1567

Table of figures

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                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.003346">
                    <pb pagenum="163" xlink:href="045/01/171.jpg"/>
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  nico uiene ad eſſer quaſi la terza parte della groſſezza della colonna. </s>
                  <s id="s.003347">La ſeconda regola è, che
                    <lb/>
                  le Corinthie non hanno membri proprij di ſopra, ma ſi pigliano, o dalle ſimmetrie Doriche, o
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                  dalle uſanze Ioniche. </s>
                  <s id="s.003348">dice Vitr.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  {
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  o dalle ragioni de gli Triglifi
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  }
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  cioè dalla ragion Dorica, non
                    <lb/>
                  che ſiano Triglifi nel Corinthio, ma perche il compartimento Dorico, è regolato ſecondo gli Tri
                    <lb/>
                  glifi. </s>
                  <s id="s.003349">Similmente per goccie intende, non quelle, che ſono ſotto gli Triglifi, ma quelle, che ſono
                    <lb/>
                  diſposte ſotto'l gocciolatoio, nel piano di ſotto, come hauemo detto i moderni le chiamano fuſaio
                    <lb/>
                  li, non ſapendo l'origine di quelle. </s>
                  <s id="s.003350">Adunque nella maniera Corinthia, l'Architraue, il Freggio,
                    <lb/>
                  la Cornice, ſi puo pigliare dalla miſura, & compartimento Dorico. </s>
                  <s id="s.003351">Egli ſi puo anche pigliare
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                  dalle uſanze Ioniche tutto quello, che s'impone a capitelli delle colonne, & in queſto caſo non è
                    <lb/>
                  differenza tra'l Ionico, & il Corinthio, & ſi puo dire che il genere Corinthio non habbia altro
                    <lb/>
                  del ſuo, che il capitello, & queſto ſi deue auuertire. </s>
                  <s id="s.003352">Seguita Vitr. a dire l'origine del genere
                    <lb/>
                  Dorico, & dice.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.003353">Perche nell'Achaia, & nel Poloponeſſo Doro figliuolo di Helleno, & della ninfa Optice
                    <lb/>
                  hebbe il principato, queſti in Argo antica città fece a caſo il Tempio di Giunone di quel­
                    <lb/>
                  la maniera. </s>
                  <s id="s.003354">Dapoi delle iſteſſe maniere non eſſendo anchor nata la ragione delle ſimme­
                    <lb/>
                  trie fece i Tempij nelle altre città dell'Achaia. </s>
                  <s id="s.003355">Ma poi che gli Athenieſi per le riſpoſte del
                    <lb/>
                  Delfico Apollo di commune conſiglio di tutta la Grecia in uno iſteſſo tempo conduſſe­
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                  ro in Aſia tredici colonie, & a ciaſcuna colonia diedero il ſuo capo, & condottiere, dan­
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                  do la ſomma dello imperio ad Ione figliuolo di Xutho, & di Creuſa, il quale per le riſpoſte
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                  ſue Apollo in Delfo uolle chiamare ſuo figliuolo; coſtui conduſſe in Aſia quelle colonie;
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                  & iui fabricò grandiſsime città hauendo occupati i confini della Caria, Epheſo, Mileto,
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                  Miunta, che gia fu dalle acque ſorbita, i ſacrificij, & i ſuffragij della quale gli lonij, a Mi
                    <lb/>
                  leſij attribuirono, & Priene, Samo, Teon, Colofona, Chio, Erithras, Phocea, Elazo
                    <lb/>
                  mene, Lebedo, Melite. </s>
                  <s id="s.003356">Queſta Melite, per l'arroganza de cittadini da queſte città per
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                  commune conſiglio moſſagli guerra, fu ruinata. </s>
                  <s id="s.003357">in luogo della quale dapoi, per benefi­
                    <lb/>
                  cio del Re Attalo, & d'Arſimone la città de Smirnei è ſtata riceuuta nel numero delle cit­
                    <lb/>
                  tà Ioniche. </s>
                  <s id="s.003358">Queſte città hauendo ſcacciati i Carij, & i Lelegi, nominarono dal loro capo
                    <lb/>
                  Ione quella regione Ionia & ponendo iui i Tempij de i Dei immortali cominciorno a fa­
                    <lb/>
                  bricare alcuni Tempietti, & prima (come uiddero in Achaia) fecero il Tempio d'Apol
                    <lb/>
                  lo, detto Pannionio, & quello chiamarono Dorico, perche lo uiddero da prima coſi fat
                    <lb/>
                  to nelle città de i Dorici. </s>
                  <s id="s.003359">Ma uolendo ponere in quel Tempio le colonne, non hauendo
                    <lb/>
                  le ſimmetrie di quelle, & cercando con che ragioni le poteſſero fare, ſi che, & a ſopporta­
                    <lb/>
                  re i peſi fuſſero baſtanti, & tenneſſero approuata bellezza nello aſpetto, miſurarono la
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                  pianta del piede uirile, & hauendo trouato, che il piede era la ſeſta parte dell'altezza del­
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                  l'huomo, coſi la traportarono nella colonna. </s>
                  <s id="s.003360">Et di quella groſſezza, che fecero la baſa
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                  del fuſto della colonna, ſei fiate tanto leuarono in altezza quella col capitello. </s>
                  <s id="s.003361">Et a
                    <lb/>
                  queſto modo la colonna Dorica cominciò dare ne gli edificij proportione, & fermezza, &
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                  bellezza del corpo uirile. </s>
                  <s id="s.003362">Appreſſo dapoi cercando di fabricare un Tempio a Diana, da
                    <lb/>
                  gli iſteſsi ueſtigij trasferirono nuoua forma di maniera alla ſueltezza feminile. </s>
                  <s id="s.003363">Et prima fe­
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                  cero la groſſezza della colonna per la ottaua parte dell'altezza, & accioche teneſſero lo
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                  aſpetto piu alto ſottopoſero alla baſa in luogo di calzare la ſpira, & al capitello impoſero
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                  le uolute pendenti dalla deſtra, & dalla ſiniſtra, come creſpi cincinni della capillatura, &
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                  ornarono le fronti di cimaſe, & con feſtoni, (che encarpi ſi dicono) cioè frutti raccolti
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                  inſieme, & foglie colligate in uece di capelli diſpoſte, & per tutto'l tronco della colonna
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                  laſciarono andar a baſſo le canalature, come falde delle ueſtimenta all'uſanza delle matro­
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                  ne; & coſi con due differenze imitarono la inuentione delle colonne, una ſchietta, & nu
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                  da ſenza ornamento, che era di ſembiante uirile, l'altra di muliebre ſottigliezza, & orna­
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                  mento, & miſura. </s>
                  <s id="s.003364">Ma quelli che uennero dapoi con eleganza, & ſottigliezza di giudi­</s>
                </p>
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