Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div457" type="section" level="2" n="79">
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13097" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="171" file="514.01.203" n="203" rhead="QVINTVS."/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13098" xml:space="preserve">gladiatorü ſpectacula edebat, ipſum magis autoratum populum Rominum circunferẽs. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13099" xml:space="preserve">Quid enim miretur
                <lb/>
              quiſque in hoc primum? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13100" xml:space="preserve">inuentorem, an inuentum? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13101" xml:space="preserve">artificem, an authorem? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13102" xml:space="preserve">auſum aliquem hoc excogita-
                <lb/>
              re, an ſuſcipere? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13103" xml:space="preserve">parere, an iubere? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13104" xml:space="preserve">ſuper omnia erit populi furor, ſedere auſi tam inſida, instabiliq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13105" xml:space="preserve">ſede.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13106" xml:space="preserve">En hic est ille terrarum uictor, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13107" xml:space="preserve">totius domitor orbis, qui gentes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13108" xml:space="preserve">regna diriber, iura externis mittit, Deo-
                <lb/>
              rum quœdam immortalium generi humano portio, in machina pendens, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13109" xml:space="preserve">in periculo ſuo plaudens. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13110" xml:space="preserve">Quœ ui-
                <lb/>
              litas animarum iſta, ant quœ quærela de Cannis? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13111" xml:space="preserve">Quantum mali potuit accidere? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13112" xml:space="preserve">Hauriri urbes terrœ hiati-
                <lb/>
              bus, publicus mortalium dolor eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13113" xml:space="preserve">Ecce populus Romanus uniuerſus uelut duobus nauigijs impoſitus binis
                <lb/>
              cardinibus ſuſtinetur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13114" xml:space="preserve">ſe ipſum depugnantem ſpectat, peritur us momento aliquo luxatis machinis; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13115" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13116" xml:space="preserve">per
                <lb/>
              hoc quœritur tribunitijs concionibus gratia, ut penſiles tribus faceret. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13117" xml:space="preserve">Qualis hic in roſtris? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13118" xml:space="preserve">quid non auſu-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.203-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.203-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              rus apud eos, quibus hoc perſuaſerit: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13119" xml:space="preserve">vera nanque confitentibus populus Rominus funebri munere ad tumu-
                <lb/>
              lum patris eius depugnauit uniuerſus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13120" xml:space="preserve">Variauit banc ſuam magnificentiam feſſis turbatisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13121" xml:space="preserve">cardinibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13122" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              amphitheatri forma cuſtodita, nouiſſimo die duabus per medium ſcenis athletas edidit, raptisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13123" xml:space="preserve">e contrario
                <lb/>
              repente pulpitis eodem die uictores e gladiatoribus ſuis produxit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13124" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13125" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Praecinctiones</emph>
              ad altitudines theatrorum pro rata parte faciendæ uidentur, neque altiores,
                <lb/>
              quàm quanta præcinctionis itineris ſit latitudo, ſi enim excelſiores fuerint, repellent, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13126" xml:space="preserve">eijcient in
                <lb/>
              ſuperiorem partem uocem, nec patientur in ſedibus ſummis, quæ ſunt ſupra præcinctiones, uerborum
                <lb/>
              caſus certa ſignificatione ad aures peruenire. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13127" xml:space="preserve">Etad ſummum ita eſt gubernandum, uti linea cum ad
                <lb/>
              imum gradum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13128" xml:space="preserve">ad ſummum extenta fuerit, omnia cacumina graduum, angulosq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13129" xml:space="preserve">tangat, ita uox
                <lb/>
              non impedietur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13130" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13131" xml:space="preserve">Gradationes statim a fundamento faciendas eſſe præcepit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13132" xml:space="preserve">nunc de earum diſpoſitione loquitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13133" xml:space="preserve">Gradus
                <lb/>
              craſſitudinem habet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13134" xml:space="preserve">retractionem in Theatris: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13135" xml:space="preserve">parem iubet eſſe retractionem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13136" xml:space="preserve">craßitudinem:</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13137" xml:space="preserve">quicquid
                <lb/>
              autem circa ducitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13138" xml:space="preserve">curuaturam quandam habet, prœcinctionem appellat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13139" xml:space="preserve">ſic curuaturam portus Mau-
                <lb/>
              foli in ſecundo uolumine Cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13140" xml:space="preserve">8. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13141" xml:space="preserve">prœcinctionem uocauit, ſic paulo ante prœcingendos eſſe parietes curiœ co-
                <lb/>
              ronis monuit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13142" xml:space="preserve">ſic hoc loco prœcinctiones graduum in curuitatem diſpoſitiones appellat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13143" xml:space="preserve">ſic inferius prœcinctio-
                <lb/>
              ues tres ideſt plana, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13144" xml:space="preserve">retractiones in theatris, quœ circumambiant, appellauit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13145" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13146" xml:space="preserve">certe neceſſarium erat,
                <lb/>
              ut hic de graduum diſpoſitione ageret, antequam ad alia perueniret. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13147" xml:space="preserve">Nam & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13148" xml:space="preserve">ad uocem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13149" xml:space="preserve">ad commodum
                <lb/>
              eos referendos cum duceret, prius erant deſignandi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13150" xml:space="preserve">Quàm uero alta gradatio, idest graduum omnium prœ-
                <lb/>
              cingentium altitudo, hic non dicit, niſi quod pro rata parte facienda eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13151" xml:space="preserve">nonnulli tam altam gradationem fe-
                <lb/>
              cere, quanta erat area theatri: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13152" xml:space="preserve">diſperdebatur enim uox in minori altitudine, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13153" xml:space="preserve">durius audiebatur in
                <unsure/>
              altiori-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.203-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.203-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              bus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13154" xml:space="preserve">Sed de altitudine theatrorum ex ſymmetrijs ſequentibus prœcepta colligemus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13155" xml:space="preserve">interim obſeruabimus,
                <lb/>
              quod Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13156" xml:space="preserve">dicit ut ſi linea a cacumine imi gradus ad cacumen ſummi tendatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13157" xml:space="preserve">tangat omnia cacumina
                <lb/>
              graduum mediorum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13158" xml:space="preserve">ita enim in prœcinctionibus par erit craßitudo, ideſt altitudo graduum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13159" xml:space="preserve">retractio,
                <lb/>
              idest planum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13160" xml:space="preserve">itineris latitudo, ut ait Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13161" xml:space="preserve">ita etiam uox non impedita ab imo ad ſummum perueniet.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13162" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13163" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Aditvs</emph>
              complures, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13164" xml:space="preserve">ſpatioſos oportet diſponere, nec coniunctos ſuperiores inferioribus, ſed
                <lb/>
              ex omnibus locis perpetuos, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13165" xml:space="preserve">directos ſine inuerſuris faciendos; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13166" xml:space="preserve">uti cum populus dimittitur, de
                <lb/>
              ſpectaculis ne comprimatur, ſed habeat ex omnibus locis exitus ſeparatos ſine impeditione.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13167" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13168" xml:space="preserve">Quæratio aditus est, eadem & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13169" xml:space="preserve">exitus eſſe debet; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13170" xml:space="preserve">ad perſonas autem dirigitur præſens regula. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13171" xml:space="preserve">Aſcende-
                <lb/>
              bat populus per tectos gradus, exibat ad itinera præcinctionum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13172" xml:space="preserve">Erant utrinque commodœ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13173" xml:space="preserve">ſcalœ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13174" xml:space="preserve">apertœ,
                <lb/>
              erant & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13175" xml:space="preserve">aliœ tectœ, ſed non adeo commodœ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13176" xml:space="preserve">hæ iuuenibus curioſis, illœ ſenioribus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13177" xml:space="preserve">quietis parabantur, ita ut
                <lb/>
              ætati, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13178" xml:space="preserve">uoluntati cuiusq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13179" xml:space="preserve">prouiſum foret; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13180" xml:space="preserve">ſequuntur aliæ regulœ ponendorum adituum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13181" xml:space="preserve">collocandarum ſca-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.203-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.203-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              larum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13182" xml:space="preserve">modo Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13183" xml:space="preserve">uult oſtendere ad quœ proſpicere debent, qui theatra conſtituunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13184" xml:space="preserve">particulares autem diſpo-
                <lb/>
              ſitiones inferius, cum de theatri aget conformatione, declarabit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13185" xml:space="preserve">modo aditus plures, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13186" xml:space="preserve">ſpatioſi diſponendi
                <lb/>
              directi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13187" xml:space="preserve">ſine flexu, ne in angulis confluens populus cum e ſpectaculis diſcedit, ſe comprimat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13188" xml:space="preserve">Exitus autem
                <lb/>
              vomitoria uocat Macrobius, uidentur enim tanquam euomere copias, unde in ſedilia ſe fundunt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13189" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13190" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Etiam</emph>
              diligenter eſt animaduertendum, ne ſit locus ſurdus, ſed ut in eo uox quàm clariſsime ua-
                <lb/>
              gari poſsit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13191" xml:space="preserve">Hoc uero ita fieri poterit, ſi locus electus fuerit, ubi non impediatur reſonantia.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13192" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13193" xml:space="preserve">De locorum natura, quatenus ad uocem ſpectat, recipiendam, uel repellendam inferius loquetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13194" xml:space="preserve">Cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13195" xml:space="preserve">8.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13196" xml:space="preserve">Nunc occaſionem quœrit ut agat de uoce, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13197" xml:space="preserve">de eius motione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13198" xml:space="preserve">Quare inquit oportere non impediri reſonan-
                <lb/>
              tiam loci qualitate. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13199" xml:space="preserve">impedietur autem, ſi uox in eo poterit clarißime uagari, quomodo autem uagetur uox,
                <lb/>
              docet, uocem diffiniens, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13200" xml:space="preserve">eius motus declarans.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13201" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13202" xml:space="preserve">Vox autem eſt ſpiritus fluens, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13203" xml:space="preserve">aeris ictu ſenſibilis auditui. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13204" xml:space="preserve">Ea mouetur circulorum rotunda-
                <lb/>
              tionibus infinitis, uti ſi in ſtantem aquam, lapide immiſſo naſcantur innumerabiles undarum circuli
                <lb/>
              creſcentes a centro, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13205" xml:space="preserve">quàm latiſsime poſsint uagantes, niſi anguſtia loci interpel lauerit, aut aliqua
                <lb/>
              offenſio, quæ non patitur deſignationes earum undarum ad exitus peruenire. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13206" xml:space="preserve">Itaque cum interpel-
                <lb/>
              lentur offenſionibus primæ redundantes inſequentium diſturbant deſignationes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13207" xml:space="preserve">Eadem ratione uox
                <lb/>
              ita ad circinum efficit motiones.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13208" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13209" xml:space="preserve">Vox eſt ſonus ex ictu aeris proueniens, quatenus ab humanis organis diuerſis modis ſpiritus extra mitti-
                <lb/>
              tur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13210" xml:space="preserve">Motus aeris ab eo ſpiritu icti in orbem fertur, perinde aquœ motus, in quam lapis proijcitur, plures
                <lb/>
              enim eſficit circulos ab uno centro ductos, ſed diſcrimen eſt inter orbes eos, qui in aqua, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13211" xml:space="preserve">eos qui in aere
                <lb/>
              fiunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13212" xml:space="preserve">nam qui in aqua conſpiciuntur, circuli potius in plana aquœ ſuperſicie ſacti uocari debent, qui uero in
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.203-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.203-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
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