Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13682" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="178" file="514.01.210" n="210" rhead="LIBER"/>
              ratum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13683" xml:space="preserve">equale diatonicum nominatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13684" xml:space="preserve">Quartus color hoc genus deſignat, incipiens a ſeſquidecima quinta,
                <lb/>
              inde ſeſquioctauam colorando, in ſeſquinonã terminatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13685" xml:space="preserve">is color eſt conſtans, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13686" xml:space="preserve">firmus, maſculum habitum,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13687" xml:space="preserve">uirilem format, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13688" xml:space="preserve">ideo ſintonus nominatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13689" xml:space="preserve">Quintus demum quia tonis abundat, diatonus nominatur
                <lb/>
              duobus tonis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13690" xml:space="preserve">dieſi tetrachordum ſuum conficiens. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13691" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13692" xml:space="preserve">hoc robuſtius, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13693" xml:space="preserve">firmius cæteris habetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13694" xml:space="preserve">Hactenus
                <lb/>
              cuiusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13695" xml:space="preserve">generis colores collegimus iuxta componentium intentione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13696" xml:space="preserve">in omni colore tetrachordi forma dia-
                <lb/>
              teſſaron concentum amplectitur, id est quartam duobus tonis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13697" xml:space="preserve">dieſi constantẽ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13698" xml:space="preserve">hoc illud est, quod Vitru
                <lb/>
              uius dixit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13699" xml:space="preserve">Ita in tribus generibus tetrachorda ex duobus tonis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13700" xml:space="preserve">hemitonio ſunt peræquata.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13701" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13702" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">SED</emph>
              ipſa cum ſeparatim uniuſcuiuſque generis ſinibus conſiderantur, diſsimilem habent interual-
                <lb/>
              lorum deſignationem.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13703" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13704" xml:space="preserve">Summa tetrachordorum in ſingulis generibus peræquatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13705" xml:space="preserve">omnia enim tetrachorda cuiuſque generis dia-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.210-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.210-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              teſſaron concludunt, ſed ſeorſum conſiderata, id eſt ſecundum cuiuſque generis proprios colores, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13706" xml:space="preserve">fines in-
                <lb/>
              teruallornm diſſimilem habent deſignationem, alijs enim interuallis chromaticum, alijs diatonicum, alijs har-
                <lb/>
              monia ad diateſſaron ſcandit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13707" xml:space="preserve">colores quoque diuerſi, diuerſitate interuallorum tetrachorda deſignant.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13708" xml:space="preserve">Quare cum hoc ita ſit concludit Vitruuius.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13709" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13710" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Igitvr</emph>
              interualla tonorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13711" xml:space="preserve">hemitoniorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13712" xml:space="preserve">tetrachordorum in uoce diuiſit natura, finiuitq́;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13713" xml:space="preserve">terminationes eorum menſuris, interuallorum quantitate, modisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13714" xml:space="preserve">certis diſtantibus conſtituit qua-
                <lb/>
              litates; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13715" xml:space="preserve">quibus etiam artiſices, qui organa fabricant, ex natura conſtitutis utendo comparant ad con-
                <lb/>
              centus conuenientes eorum perfectiones.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13716" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13717" xml:space="preserve">Ars naturam obſeruando concentus inuenit: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13718" xml:space="preserve">natura enim interualla tonorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13719" xml:space="preserve">hemitoniorum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13720" xml:space="preserve">tetra-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.210-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.210-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              chordorum diuiſit, finiuitq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13721" xml:space="preserve">terminationes eorum menſuris, non quia natura ipſaſciat diuidere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13722" xml:space="preserve">ſinire, ſed
                <lb/>
              quia natura comparatum eſt, ut non prius tonus, aut hemitonium, aut aliud interuallum reſpondeat, quàm ad
                <lb/>
              certum gradum peruenerit uox humana, a qua artifices accepere organorum
                <unsure/>
              ſuorum temperamenta, dedit
                <lb/>
              igitur natura uim toni, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13723" xml:space="preserve">hemitonij, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13724" xml:space="preserve">alterius interualli conſtituendi, ſed ars inuenit qua proportione ſin-
                <lb/>
              gula constent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13725" xml:space="preserve">Natura ſecundum affectus ſponte homines, uocesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13726" xml:space="preserve">monet, ſed ars ratione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13727" xml:space="preserve">uia collegit
                <lb/>
              quantitatem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13728" xml:space="preserve">qualitatem ſonituum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13729" xml:space="preserve">generum permixtionem, colorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13730" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13731" xml:space="preserve">figurarum diuiſionem, idea-
                <lb/>
              rum inuentionem, formarum applicationem, ac primum de ſonituum numero muſici diſſeruere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13732" xml:space="preserve">Vnde Vi-
                <lb/>
              tru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13733" xml:space="preserve">dicit,</s>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13734" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Sonitvs</emph>
              , qui Græce phtongi dicuntur, in unoquoque genere ſunt decem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13735" xml:space="preserve">octo, e quibus octo
                <lb/>
              ſunt in tribus generibus perpetui, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13736" xml:space="preserve">ſtantes, reliqui decem cum communiter modulantur, ſunt
                <lb/>
              uagantes.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13737" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13738" xml:space="preserve">Certum eſt conſtitutionem, ordinationemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13739" xml:space="preserve">muſicam ſonitibus conſtare. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13740" xml:space="preserve">Sonitus eſt caſus, aut qualitas indi-
                <lb/>
              uidu a uocis, cuius quantitas, aut magnitudo certa est, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13741" xml:space="preserve">præfinita, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13742" xml:space="preserve">principium modulationis, in quod tan
                <lb/>
              quam elementum concentus omnis diſſoluitur, ex ſonitibus extremi alij ſunt, alij uero medij in ordinationi-
                <lb/>
              bus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13743" xml:space="preserve">ſcalis; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13744" xml:space="preserve">extremorum quidam grauiſſimi ſunt, ſub quibus nullus eſt ſonus; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13745" xml:space="preserve">alij acutiſſimi ſupra quos non
                <lb/>
              eſt aſcenſus in perfectis ordinationibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13746" xml:space="preserve">medij & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13747" xml:space="preserve">graues & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13748" xml:space="preserve">acuti inxta comparationes diuerſas eſſe ſolent;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13749" xml:space="preserve">graues, ſi altioribus, acuti ſi grauioribus comparentur, quemadmodum inter naturæ elementa grauißima eſt
                <lb/>
              terra, leuiſſimus ignis, aqua & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13750" xml:space="preserve">aer graues, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13751" xml:space="preserve">leues, nam aqua terræ collata leuis, aeri comparata grauis di-
                <lb/>
              citur, item & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13752" xml:space="preserve">aer igni grauis, aquæ leuis eſſe uidetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13753" xml:space="preserve">unde ex elementorum comparatione tetrachordi ſonitus
                <lb/>
              quatuor inuenti ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13754" xml:space="preserve">Acuti ſonitus celerioribus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13755" xml:space="preserve">crebrioribus; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13756" xml:space="preserve">graues uero tardioribus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13757" xml:space="preserve">rarioribus
                <lb/>
              motionibus fiunt, ut experientibus eſt manifestum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13758" xml:space="preserve">Quæ enim magis intenditur chorda, celerius mouetur; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13759" xml:space="preserve">quæ
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.210-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.210-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              remißior eſt, tardius. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13760" xml:space="preserve">ſimiliter quæ magis intenditur chorda, crebriores ictus, quàm quæ remittitur, habere
                <lb/>
              dignoſcitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13761" xml:space="preserve">Quanquam uero unica motio uidetur, non eſt tamen credendum ſingulari motu chordam moue-
                <lb/>
              ri, ſed pluribus; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13762" xml:space="preserve">quæ ſingularis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13763" xml:space="preserve">unica motio ob crebritatem apparet, quemadmodum continuus igneus i i-
                <lb/>
              detur orbis, quando magna celeritate uirga a capite accenſa circumuoluitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13764" xml:space="preserve">Est tamen quod ſcias acutum,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13765" xml:space="preserve">graue translatione quadam de auditu afferri. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13766" xml:space="preserve">nam primo in magnitudinibus inueniuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13767" xml:space="preserve">nam acutum in
                <lb/>
              tactione dicitur id, quod celeriter agit, unde gladius acutus, quod cito pungit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13768" xml:space="preserve">ſecat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13769" xml:space="preserve">Hebes autem qui tar-
                <lb/>
              de agit, neque tam ſecat, aut pungit quàm premit, aut impellit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13770" xml:space="preserve">ut piſtillum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13771" xml:space="preserve">Nam ſi quid ad pungendum aptũ
                <lb/>
              facere uolumus, id acuimus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13772" xml:space="preserve">quod uero ad impellendum, obtuſum ſacimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13773" xml:space="preserve">Ita ergo in ſonitibus, acutos eos di-
                <lb/>
              cimus, qui celeriter ad ſenſum pertinent, nec cito deſinunt, ut fides magis intentæ, quales ſunt netarum fides,
                <lb/>
              quæ ijs, quæ minus intentæ ſunt, cuiuſmodi ſunt hypatæ, acutiores ſonitus edunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13774" xml:space="preserve">Nete enim plus reliquis in
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.210-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.210-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              pulſu, celeriter feriens aerem propter intentionem, acutißimum edit ſonum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13775" xml:space="preserve">Sednos ad rem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13776" xml:space="preserve">Quindecim
                <lb/>
              ſonitus, hos uoces noſtri appellant, Græcipthongos: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13777" xml:space="preserve">quemadmodum cum dicimus, quatuor uoces, aut quinque,
                <lb/>
              aut ſex ſæpius capiendas, accipere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13778" xml:space="preserve">dare uocem, intonare uocem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13779" xml:space="preserve">huiuſmodi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13780" xml:space="preserve">Quindecim ergo ſonitus
                <lb/>
              in perfecta ordinatione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13781" xml:space="preserve">ſcala inueniuntur, nanquam plures quoque ſint, quemadmodum in conſtitueuda
                <lb/>
              manu dignoſcimus, in qua uiginti, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13782" xml:space="preserve">amplius uoces collocantur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13783" xml:space="preserve">Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13784" xml:space="preserve">ipſe decem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13785" xml:space="preserve">octo ſonitus facit,
                <lb/>
              ſed qua ratione id ſiat, postea dicam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13786" xml:space="preserve">Cæperunt antiqui minori uocum, uel ſonituum numero organa compo-
                <lb/>
              nere, inde addendo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13787" xml:space="preserve">progrediendo ad quindecim peruenere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13788" xml:space="preserve">primum ergo tetrachordum fecere, id eſt or-
                <lb/>
              ganum quatuor chordis constans; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13789" xml:space="preserve">primam chordam, quæimum locum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13790" xml:space="preserve">grauem ſonum reddit, a rei natu-
                <lb/>
              ra bypaten, idest primam uocauere; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13791" xml:space="preserve">proximam huic parhypaten, hoc eſt primæ proximam nominarunt; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13792" xml:space="preserve">po-
                <lb/>
              stremam neten, ideſt ultimam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13793" xml:space="preserve">tertiam paraneten, ideſt penultimam appellarunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s13794" xml:space="preserve">Ecce quàm commode a
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.210-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.210-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
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