Vitruvius Pollio, I dieci libri dell?architettura, 1567

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                <pb pagenum="207" xlink:href="045/01/215.jpg"/>
                <p type="head">
                  <s id="s.004059">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Del Foro. </s>
                  <s id="s.004060">Cap. I.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.004061">I greci fanno il Foro in luogo quadrato, con ampijſsimi, & doppi portichi,
                    <lb/>
                  & con ſpeſſe colonne, & con architraui di pietra, o di marmo gli adornano,
                    <lb/>
                  & di ſopra ne i palchi o taſſelli fanno i luoghi da paſſeggiare. </s>
                  <s id="s.004062">Ma nelle cit­
                    <lb/>
                  tà d'Italia non ſi deue fare il Foro con la iſteſſa ragione, peroche da i mag­
                    <lb/>
                  giori ci è ſtata laſciata la uſanza di dare nel Foro i doni a i gladiatori: & però d'intorno a
                    <lb/>
                  gli ſpettacoli biſogna diſtribuire piu ſpatioſi, & larghi interualli tra le colonne. </s>
                  <s id="s.004063">& d'in­
                    <lb/>
                  torno ne i portichi deueno eſſere le botteghe de gli orefici, & ne'tauolati di ſopra ſi faran
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                  no i poggiuoli. </s>
                  <s id="s.004064">le quali coſe, & all'uſo, & alle publiche entrate ſaranno drittamente
                    <lb/>
                  diſpoſte. </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.004065">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Egli è neceſſario, bello, & commodo nella città, che oltra le ſtrade, & le uie ci ſiano delle
                    <lb/>
                  piazze, & de i campi; (come ſi dice a Vinetia) percioche oltra l'ornamento, che ſi uede ritrouan
                    <lb/>
                  doſi a capo d'una ſtrada un luogo bello, & ampio, dal quale ſi ueda lo aſpetto d'una bella fabrica
                    <lb/>
                  di Tempio, egli ſi ha queſto commodo, che iui ſiraunano le genti a paſſeggiare, ſi uendeno le co­
                    <lb/>
                  ſe neceſſarie, et utili a biſogni della plebe, & ſi dà luogo a molti ſpettacoli. </s>
                  <s id="s.004066">Et ſi come torna bene,
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                  che ci ſiano molte piazze ſparſe per la città: coſi molto piu è neceſſario, & ha del grande, &
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                  dell'honoreuole, che cene ſia una principalißima, & che ueramente publica ſi poſſa chiamare,
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                  & doue ſiano i luoghi doue ſi trattano le cauſe ciuili, & i tribunali de' giudici, & le corti, i ſena
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                  ti, doue ſi conſultano le coſe di ſtato, oltra gli ſpettacoli, che ſi fanno o per diletto, o per diuo­
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                  tione. </s>
                  <s id="s.004067">Tratta adunque Vitr. della diſpoſitione del Foro principale. </s>
                  <s id="s.004068">Ma per iſpedirmi di quelle
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                  piazze, che ſono ſparſe per la città, dico, che gli antichi le chiamarono Triuij: & benche Tri­
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                  uio, & Quadriuio ſiano luoghi, doue fanno capo tre o quattro uie: nondimeno chiamarono Tri­
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                  uij anche quelli luoghi aperti, & ſpatioſi, doue ſi raunauano molte perſone d'una contrata: do­
                    <lb/>
                  ue ſi puo dire, che Triuio ſia una picciola piazza. </s>
                  <s id="s.004069">la quale chi ornare uoleſſe, prendendo la for­
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                  ma dalla principale, ſi farebbeno due coſe, prima i portichi d'intorno, ſemplici al meno, ſe non
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                  duplicati: dapoi s'entrerebbe in quelle, per archi poſti a capo delle uie; perche il portico di ſua na
                    <lb/>
                  tura ha del grande: Et uedere poi in teſta d'una bella ſtrada uno arco Trionfale ſarebbe coſa &
                    <lb/>
                  diletteuole, & honoreuole. </s>
                  <s id="s.004070">come per uiuo eſſempio ci poteua dimoſtrare la città di Roma. </s>
                  <s id="s.004071">per­
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                  che la fronte d'un'arco a capo una ſtrada, fa parere quella piu bella, & lo entrare nella piazza
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                  per un'arco, fa parere la piazza maggiore. </s>
                  <s id="s.004072">Tre uolte fanno un'arco per l'ordinario, & per
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                  quello di mezo paſſaua il Trionfante, & il ſoldato, & per gli altri paſſauano quelli, che incon­
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                  trauano, ouero accompagnauano con allegrezza il Trionfo. </s>
                  <s id="s.004073">Le miſure de gli archi dipendeno
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                  dal ſapere dello Architetto. </s>
                  <s id="s.004074">ouero ſi potranno cauare da gli archi antichi, & dal ſeſto ca­
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                  po dell'ottauo libro di Alberto. </s>
                  <s id="s.004075">& molti eſſempi ſi poſſono hauere da gli archi, che ſono in Ro­
                    <lb/>
                  ma, dirimpetto alla chieſa di ſanta Maria alle radici del campidoglio. </s>
                  <s id="s.004076">E l'arco di Settimio
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                  Seuero tra i belli, che ſiano ſtati fatti, doue ſono ſtate ſcolpite le uittorie alate con i Trofei,
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                  & i ſimulacri delle battaglie terreſtri, & nauali, con i glorioſi titoli delle impreſe. </s>
                  <s id="s.004077">
                    <lb/>
                  Et ſe bene pare, che prima ci fuſſero de gli archi, come egli ſi uede fra la uia lata, &
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                  la minerua un'arco ſchietto detto Camillo, non dimeno quello, & altri archi ſi
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                  ſtima, che non fuſſero per Trionfi, ma per ponerui qualche ſtatua. </s>
                  <s id="s.004078">ma io leggo
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                  ne i ſacri libri, che Saul dopo una uittoria, ſi drizzò un'arco, per lo quale egli paßò. </s>
                  <s id="s.004079">Dinanzi
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                  allo arco di Settimio era una colonna, dallaquale come da capo cominciano tutte le uie d'Ita­
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                  lia, chiamauaſi l'aureo miliario. </s>
                  <s id="s.004080">Euui l'arco di Conſtantino con i ſuoi ornamenti men guasti, &
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                  è nella punta del palatino, che riguarda il Coliſeo. & dinanzi a queſto ſi uede un' antica meta di
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                  mattoni, chiamata da gli antichi meta ſudante, perche mandaua fuori grandiſſima copia d'acque
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
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