Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

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[131] a b g. concentricum. d. eius centrũ.t z. eccentricum.h. eius centrum.e z. epicyclus.g. eius centrum.d b. & g z. œquales.d z. parallelogrammum.motus {concentrici a d g. \\ epicycli e g z. \\ eccentrici t b z. uet t dg. \\ iugieccentric. a d t. anguli t b z. & e g z. œqua-les ſunt.angulus a d g. œqualis augulis. {adt. \\ adg. f n b a d o k
[132] b k epicyclus.b. centrum eius.h. uigum.n. Antijugum epicycli.k. punctũ primœ morœ.c. mundi centrum.o. punctũ ſecundæ morœ.h l k. arcus primœ mo rœ.k n o. arcus regreſſus-o b k. arcus directio-nis. L K A H B N O C
[133] Porfioni del cerchio che fannoſe s̃teſſe torno dlaTramòntanaTram ontanaSlmiſifudineTramonſangCarro che uoſge infomoalla Framonlana
[134] a b c d f
[135] A. ſectio parabole.B. vestigium. C. parabole.G. ſectio ellipſis.D. ſectio hyperbole.E. vestigium F. hyperbole. a f a f 1 f f f 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 4 3 3 4 5 4 4 5 6 C 5 5 6 F 7 A 6 6 8 7 8 7 7 D 8 9 8 8 9 10 11 10 10 11 11 11 11 b 12 g e d b e h d gf g b 6 7 3 1 2 4 6 8 10c g b E a 11 9 7 3 3 1 d 2 4 6 8 10 e ha f 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 a b c d 9 8 7 6 3 2 1 f b a H d g 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ff 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 g
[136] m q 0 s k h c b s n L I p q s
[137] Il polo.cqiunot.orizonte c e b a f
[138] l n k mcridl. parte delverno E e h a s i 9 8 7 6 5della jtate 4 3 parte g h f x lacato manaco b r c linca del.piano t
[139] Analemmatis figura.MERIDIAN: S. M. MLSLACITREVM.M.MERIDIAN: .S.OMVERTICAV.M..S.. O. M.ORIZON:W. A.STAB:
[140] 11 ſ x d 11 p k 1 2 1 2 3 4 5f 6 r 11 10 9 8 7 n f m 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 1 02 3 4 1g c 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 e 11 10 9 8 7 q b o
[141] 1 3 b x z g 2 5 f p 0 1 4 t I c e o n m r u 6 q i h 8 y d 5
[142] 5 4 b 3 2 7 8 9 10 f 6 5 7 1 11 6 5 7 9 4 4 8 8 N 9 x 12 1 11 2 10 3 9 4 8 5 7 3 39 9 F 6 g 2 2 10 10 o a @ d 1 11 7 6 z 1 11 8 6 7 c 1 12 10 1@ 1 2 1 1 11 11 5 11 2 2 10 21 11 b f @ 8 3 3 9 9 12 1 4 5 g 6 10 8 11 1 9 10 2 2 2 10 5 7 2 z 9 c 8 4 7 5 9 3 10 4 8 8 4 3 7 2 10 7 5 9 3 1 11 12 8 4 11 1 10 2 0 @ d 7 5 9 3 I 8 4 7 5 6 c &
[143] 5 6 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 1 11 4 8 3 9 d d 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 1 1 v n c
[144] 12 1 1 1111 2 2 10 10 3 3 9 9 4 4 8 8 5 5 7 7 6 6 6 T 7 7 5 5 8 8 4 4 9 9 3 3 10 10 2 2 11 11 1 1 12
[145] 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11 1 2 3 10 4 5 E 6 6 7
[146] 9 3 4 2 8 10 11 12 1 5 7 6 6 G
[147] 8 9 10 7 6 5 11 1 8 1 11 F
[148] 16 15 17 14 14 18 19 19 13 13 20 20 12 12 21 21 11 11 H 22 22 10 10 23 23 9 9 24 16 16 23 23 17 17 22 22 18 18 21 21 29 20
[149] 19 20 21 18 17 22 23 17 16 18 17 9 15 14 13 11 13 20 16 12 21 17 20 22 21 11 22 10 23 9 18 L 17 18 19
[150] 23 17 22 16 18 9 21 23 19 10 19 20 22 11 21 20 13 19 14 18 15 17 16 K
[151] 17 18 19 20 21 22 16 23 15 14 13 12 11 10 11 12 21 22 10 9 23 M
[152] Q K r n r 12 11 K 2 2 @ 4 p 8 7 e t 8 9 c P 7 4 3 10 7 @ P 5 q P 6 2 8 7 q P t t 11 1 I 1 11 7 q p 2 10 q p 3 9 @ a e b 4 8 2 7 6 5 P 10 6 f P 9 3 8 4 f P 1 f P 11 10 2 a f b e 4 9 3 11 10 2 11 1 11 1 u m 12 15 @ d 12 4 5 m 3 4 5 7 8 9 d @ 2 @ 0 10 2 11 1 a 0 s 7 1 n P p 5 6 7 10 6 6 6 3 4 8 9 7 e 5 5 7 4 5 3 10 11 12 1 2 3 8 9 3 1 e H 23 10 22 24 23 22 15 16 17 18 19 21 13 14 20
[153] Horologia in plano meridiani.6 5 4 3 2 1 7 8 9 10 11 12 u l d 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 b n n n n n 5 4 3 2 1 a c e c y n n n n n p 1 2 3 4 5 n ſ ſ 4 3 2 1 r 4 3 2 1 e 4 3 2 1 B 9 10 11 12 13 14 e H 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 e E g r 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 F g d 23 22 21 20 19 18 18 c g G d f a b e g c 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 f D e 11 10 19 18
[154] Horologia in plano æquinoctialis.d b 5 6 7 4 8 9 3 g f k L @ m 2 10 l 8 1 11 a e b B L 1 f k m h @ z r s 1 n 11 A 2 1 10 12 3 9 11 1 4 8 10 1 2 5 6 7 b d 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 c 6 7 5 8 4 9 3 18 17 16 10 2 16 17 18 19 11 12 1 19 20 14 14 20 21 13 13 21 22 12 12 22 23 11 23 24 24 14 14 23 15 23 22 15 22 16 16 21 17 21 20 19 18 17 18 19 20
[155] 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
[156] Instrumenta è regione poſita ſeruiunt fronti horologij ſequentis, illud uero inſerius eſt immobil-le ad aliud, & aliud ab artiſicio aquæ mouetur.B 270 A 360 stella.p.@ f 180 C 10 hircuſ@ 20 30 40 x cani ſminor* 50 60 70 80 90 C@nis Maior* D
[157] 6 5 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 1 11 12 T R 12 L 11 1 A f C 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6
[Figure 158]
[Figure 159]
[Figure 160]
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            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14599" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="194" file="514.01.226" n="226" rhead="LIBER"/>
              unum trigoni ſcenæ frontem conſtituebat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14600" xml:space="preserve">Sic & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14601" xml:space="preserve">in Græcis latus unum quadrati ſcenæ ſrontem faciebat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14602" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              proſcenium terminabat, ſed integra ſcenæ frons in linea poſita erat, quæ ultra circumferentiam protendeba-
                <lb/>
              tur, per circumſerentiam tranſiens, æqueq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14603" xml:space="preserve">diſtans, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14604" xml:space="preserve">parallelos eius lateris quadrati, quod proſcenium fi-
                <lb/>
              niebat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14605" xml:space="preserve">Hinc erat, quod Græcorum ſcena remotior, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14606" xml:space="preserve">magis recedens erat, quàm Latinorum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14607" xml:space="preserve">præterea du-
                <lb/>
              cebatur linea per centrum tanquam diametros æque diſtans, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14608" xml:space="preserve">parallelos dicto lateri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14609" xml:space="preserve">ſcenæ fronti in ex-
                <lb/>
              tremis huius lineæ partibus, qua circinationis lineamſecabant, centrum collocabatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14610" xml:space="preserve">in uno extremo cir-
                <lb/>
              cini pede collocato, alter ad centrum diducebatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14611" xml:space="preserve">cum circumuoluebatur terminos maioris circinatio-
                <lb/>
              nis præfiniebat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14612" xml:space="preserve">nam qua parte proſcenij lineam tangebat, ibi erat circinationis terminus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14613" xml:space="preserve">præcinctionis
                <lb/>
              ultimæ theatri, quemadmodum eſt in puncto b, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14614" xml:space="preserve">c, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14615" xml:space="preserve">in linea c, b, centra autem a dextris, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14616" xml:space="preserve">a ſini-
                <lb/>
              ſtraſunt d, c, macbina trigona uerſatilis, O, ibi etiam ualuæ regiæ ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14617" xml:space="preserve">frons ſcenæ F, g. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14618" xml:space="preserve">Orcheſtra,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.226-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.226-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              p, reliqua ſunt facilia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14619" xml:space="preserve">Hoſpitalia enim & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14620" xml:space="preserve">reliqua quemadmodum in Latinorum theatris, ſed in uestigio
                <lb/>
              Latini theatri in ſcena tres fecimus portas, in ſingulis trigonum uerſatilem poſuimus, ut mediæ frontis facies,
                <lb/>
              cum reliquis ad opticæ rationem accommodaremus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14621" xml:space="preserve">Etiamq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14622" xml:space="preserve">diuerſo modo ſcenam cum theatro coniumxi-
                <lb/>
              mus, nec negarem, quin alio quoque modo coniungi poſſent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14623" xml:space="preserve">Sed conſultius ſic fecimus, adiuti ex ruinis cu-
                <lb/>
              iuſdam antiqui theatri Vincentiæ in hortis cuiuſdam nobilis collocati, quod ingenioſus Palladius meus mihi
                <lb/>
              oſtendit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14624" xml:space="preserve">Scenici autem comicos, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14625" xml:space="preserve">tragicos complectuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14626" xml:space="preserve">Thymelici uerò cytharædi, tibicines,& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14627" xml:space="preserve">hu-
                <lb/>
              iuſmodi ſymphoniaci apo tis thymelis dicti, quæ pars erat theatri, ubi hiſtriones peragebant.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14628" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14629" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Eivs</emph>
              logei altitudo, non minus eſſe debet pedum decem, non plus duodecim. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14630" xml:space="preserve">Gradationes ſca-
                <lb/>
              larum inter cuneos, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14631" xml:space="preserve">ſedes, contra quadratorum angulos dirigantur ad primam præcinctionem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14632" xml:space="preserve">ab
                <lb/>
              ca præcinctione inter eas iterum mediæ dirigantur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14633" xml:space="preserve">ad ſummam quoties præcinguntur, altero tan-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.226-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.226-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              to ſemper amplificatur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14634" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14635" xml:space="preserve">Logeum a Polluce Vomon, ſiue uima, hoc eſt aram, ſeu pulpitum dicitur, quod altius eſſe debet in theatris
                <lb/>
              Græcorum, quoniam Græcorum pulpitum remotius erat a ſpectatoribus, quam Latinorum, erat enim orche-
                <lb/>
              stra Græcorum amplior, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14636" xml:space="preserve">diſtantia res depreſſiores uideri facit, quod optici obſeruant, nam ſi prope do-
                <lb/>
              mos eas, tecta non uides, ſi recedas paululum, mox incipis uidere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14637" xml:space="preserve">Erecto pulpito, dirigit ſcalaria, quemad-
                <lb/>
              modum fecit in Latinorum theatris: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14638" xml:space="preserve">ita ut ſcalæ, quæ ad primam præcinctionem ſcandunt, non ſint dirctæ ijs,
                <lb/>
              quæ ad ſecundam ducunt, ſimiliter aberrent & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14639" xml:space="preserve">tertiæ a ſceundis, ita ut quotiens præcinguntur, altero tan-
                <lb/>
              to ſemper amplificentur, nam maior intercapedo est inter ſcalas ſummæ præcinctionis, quàm inter ſca-
                <lb/>
              las imas.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14640" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14641" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Cvm</emph>
              hæc omnia ſumma cura, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14642" xml:space="preserve">ſolertia explicata ſint’
                <unsure/>
              , tunc etiam diligentius eſt animaduerten-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.226-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.226-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              dum, uti ſit electus locus in quo leniter applicet ſe uox, neque repulſa reſiliens incertas auribus reſe-
                <lb/>
              rat ſigniſicationes.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14643" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14644" xml:space="preserve">Maxime urget Vitruuium uoci locum aptare, ideo præter ea, quæ dicta ſunt, multa quoque addit præce-
                <lb/>
              pta pulcherrima, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14645" xml:space="preserve">ſumma obſeruatione digna, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14646" xml:space="preserve">certè non ſine ratione, nam finis uniuerſæ huius rei est,
                <lb/>
              ut recte uideatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14647" xml:space="preserve">audiatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14648" xml:space="preserve">Diſtinguit ergo loca ſecundum naturam ſoni dicens.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14649" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14650" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Svnt</emph>
              enim nonnulli loci naturaliter impedientes uocis motus, uti diſſonantes, qui Græce dicun-
                <lb/>
              tur catichuntes: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14651" xml:space="preserve">circumſonantes, qui apud cos nominantur perichuntes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14652" xml:space="preserve">Item reſonantes, qui dicun-
                <lb/>
              tur antichuntes: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14653" xml:space="preserve">conſonantesq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14654" xml:space="preserve">, quos appellant ſinichuntes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14655" xml:space="preserve">Diſſonantes ſunt, in quibus uox prima,
                <lb/>
              cum eſt elata in altitudinem, offenſa ſuperioribus ſolidis corporibus, repulſaq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14656" xml:space="preserve">, reſiliensq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14657" xml:space="preserve">in imum,
                <lb/>
              opprimit inſequentis uocis elationem.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14658" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14659" xml:space="preserve">Quaſi dicat, ſi primus orbis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14660" xml:space="preserve">prima circinatio uocis offenderet aliquidſolidum, deorſum reijceretur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14661" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              frangeret ſecundum orbem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14662" xml:space="preserve">inſequentem circulationem, unde diſſonantia, ideſt deorſum reiectus ſonus ne-
                <lb/>
              ceſſe est fieri.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14663" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14664" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Circvmsonantes</emph>
              autem ſunt, in quibus circumuagando coacta uox ſe ſoluens in medio, ſine
                <lb/>
              extremis caſibus ſonans, ibi extinguitur, incerta uerborum ſigniſicatione.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14665" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14666" xml:space="preserve">Bombum faciunt buiuſmodi loca, quæ circumſonantia dicuntur, quoniam in ea idem ſonus redit, quemad-
                <lb/>
              modum inter campanas perditur ſonus ceſſante ictu.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14667" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14668" xml:space="preserve">Reſonantes uerò, in quibus cum in ſolido tactu percuſſa reſiliat imagines exprimendo, nouiſsimos
                <lb/>
              caſus duplices faciunt auditu.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14669" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14670" xml:space="preserve">Reſonat uox percutiendo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14671" xml:space="preserve">retro redeundo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14672" xml:space="preserve">quemadmodum Solis radij cum reſlectuntur, quoniam du-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.226-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.226-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              plices ſunt, fortiores, ac uehementiores habentur, ita uox iterum ſonans imaginem ſuam duplicando maior eſ-
                <lb/>
              ficitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14673" xml:space="preserve">caſus ſuos duplices, ut echo, reddit, quod malum eſt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14674" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14675" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Item</emph>
              conſonantes ſunt, in quibus uox ab imis auxiliata cum incremento ſcandens, ingreditur ad
                <lb/>
              aures diſcreta uerborum claritate.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14676" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14677" xml:space="preserve">Conſonantes omnino aduerſantur diſſonantibus, quoniam in illis uox a centro ad circumferentiam ducitur
                <lb/>
              unita, adiuta, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14678" xml:space="preserve">æqualiter creſcens, in his a circumferentia ad centrum reijcitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14679" xml:space="preserve">frangitur, quare ut nil
                <lb/>
              peius eſt diſſonantibus, ita nil melius est conſonantibus locis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14680" xml:space="preserve">Hic enim integra uox, uno caſu, certa claritate
                <lb/>
              percipitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14681" xml:space="preserve">ibifracta, incerta, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14682" xml:space="preserve">obſcura percipitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14683" xml:space="preserve">Voxigitur, ſi debet rectè audiri, ex loci, qualitate uni-
                <lb/>
              ca, integra, clara, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14684" xml:space="preserve">diſcreta percipi debet, ex reſonantibus locis duplex, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14685" xml:space="preserve">diſſonantibus fracta, ex circum-
                <lb/>
              ſonantibus obſcura, ex conſonantibus diſcreta fit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14686" xml:space="preserve">quare concluditur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14687" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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