Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

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[151] 17 18 19 20 21 22 16 23 15 14 13 12 11 10 11 12 21 22 10 9 23 M
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[152] Q K r n r 12 11 K 2 2 @ 4 p 8 7 e t 8 9 c P 7 4 3 10 7 @ P 5 q P 6 2 8 7 q P t t 11 1 I 1 11 7 q p 2 10 q p 3 9 @ a e b 4 8 2 7 6 5 P 10 6 f P 9 3 8 4 f P 1 f P 11 10 2 a f b e 4 9 3 11 10 2 11 1 11 1 u m 12 15 @ d 12 4 5 m 3 4 5 7 8 9 d @ 2 @ 0 10 2 11 1 a 0 s 7 1 n P p 5 6 7 10 6 6 6 3 4 8 9 7 e 5 5 7 4 5 3 10 11 12 1 2 3 8 9 3 1 e H 23 10 22 24 23 22 15 16 17 18 19 21 13 14 20
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[153] Horologia in plano meridiani.6 5 4 3 2 1 7 8 9 10 11 12 u l d 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 b n n n n n 5 4 3 2 1 a c e c y n n n n n p 1 2 3 4 5 n ſ ſ 4 3 2 1 r 4 3 2 1 e 4 3 2 1 B 9 10 11 12 13 14 e H 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 e E g r 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 F g d 23 22 21 20 19 18 18 c g G d f a b e g c 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 f D e 11 10 19 18
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[154] Horologia in plano æquinoctialis.d b 5 6 7 4 8 9 3 g f k L @ m 2 10 l 8 1 11 a e b B L 1 f k m h @ z r s 1 n 11 A 2 1 10 12 3 9 11 1 4 8 10 1 2 5 6 7 b d 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 c 6 7 5 8 4 9 3 18 17 16 10 2 16 17 18 19 11 12 1 19 20 14 14 20 21 13 13 21 22 12 12 22 23 11 23 24 24 14 14 23 15 23 22 15 22 16 16 21 17 21 20 19 18 17 18 19 20
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[155] 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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[156] Instrumenta è regione poſita ſeruiunt fronti horologij ſequentis, illud uero inſerius eſt immobil-le ad aliud, & aliud ab artiſicio aquæ mouetur.B 270 A 360 stella.p.@ f 180 C 10 hircuſ@ 20 30 40 x cani ſminor* 50 60 70 80 90 C@nis Maior* D
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[157] 6 5 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 1 11 12 T R 12 L 11 1 A f C 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6
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[Figure 158]
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[Figure 159]
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[Figure 160]
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[161] Funium nodi.
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[162] Scala in carcheſio poſita.
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[163] Figura aniſocyclorum.
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[164] Trochlearum ratio.
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[165] B. ergata.C. trochlea ſuperior.D. ſucula.E. tigna.F. pondus.I. forcipes.G. ſucula.H. fibula.O. chelonia.P. uectes.S. carcheſia. S H C A D E F T I B G
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[166] Trochleæ cum tympano.
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[167] F. trochleaſuperior.L. trochlea inferior artemon dicta.†. onus.A. nectis.3. onus.1. hypomochlium.2. nectis, mochlium.V. ſpbœroma, œquipondium.Q S. lances.X. lances.K. anſa. examen.8. cuneus.7. 9. uectis.10. onus.H G. vectes.M. pondus.O N. colhlea.D. pali.L. locus artemonis.C. chelonia.F. regula.B. antarijunes.E. locus ductariorum funium ubifibulæx. libra ſuffulta. E B F H G 8 C N O K D L M † 6 7 10 x 3 2 1 R V S Q
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[168] d a c b e
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[Figure 169]
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[Figure 170]
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[171] A. aqua in arca œrea depreſſa.B. delſines ærei.C. modioli.D. Regulæ ſcalari forma.E. taxilli tribus digitis alti.F. catenæ cymbala tenentes.G. inſundibulum inuerſum.H. Fiſtulæ, per quas aer modiolorum ſubintrat infundibulum.I. uectes.K. manubria, quæ aperiunt nares ad tubulos.L. pinnæ ſub quibus lingulæ omnium organorum.O. regulæ inter tabulam quæ pinax dicitur & registrum.P. pinna depreſſa.Q. tabula.R. pinnarum forma ſeparata.S. lingulæ.T. ceruicula.V. aquaexpulſa.X. pars arcæ..... foraminaper quæ aer ad canna, fertur.
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[Figure 172]
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[Figure 173]
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[Figure 174]
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div1" type="section" level="1" n="1">
          <div xml:id="echoid-div542" type="section" level="2" n="93">
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15614" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="209" file="514.01.241" n="241" rhead="SEXTVS."/>
              refringuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15615" xml:space="preserve">Cumergoabnatura rerumhæc ita fint in mundo collocata, ut omnes nationes im-
                <lb/>
              moderatis mixtionibus ſint diſparatæ, placuit,utinter ſpatia totius orbis terrarum, regionumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15616" xml:space="preserve">me-
                <lb/>
              dio mundi populus Romanus poſsideret ſines. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15617" xml:space="preserve">Nanque temperatifsimæ ad utranque partem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15618" xml:space="preserve">corpo
                <lb/>
              rum membris, animorumq́ uigoribus pro fortitudine ſunt in Italia gentes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15619" xml:space="preserve">Quemadmodum enim Io-
                <lb/>
              uis ftella inter Martis feruentiſsimam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15620" xml:space="preserve">Saturnni frigidifsimam media currens temperatur, eadem ra-
                <lb/>
              tione Italia inter ſeptentrionalem, meridianamq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15621" xml:space="preserve">ab utraque parte mixtionibus temperatas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15622" xml:space="preserve">inui-
                <lb/>
              ctas habet laudes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15623" xml:space="preserve">Iraque conſilijs refringit barbarorum uires, forti manu meridianorum cogita-
                <lb/>
              tiones. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15624" xml:space="preserve">Ita diuina mens ciuitatem populi Romani egregia temperataq́ regione collocauit, uti orbis
                <lb/>
              terrarum imperio potiretur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15625" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15626" xml:space="preserve">Italiam mediam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15627" xml:space="preserve">temperatam ponit Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15628" xml:space="preserve">in Italia urbem Romam conſilio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15629" xml:space="preserve">uiribus ualere dicit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15630" xml:space="preserve">Quis autem non & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15631" xml:space="preserve">Venetam urbem hac ratione commendarit, cum cardo illi ſublimis ſit medio quadrante,
                <lb/>
              ideſt gradu 45. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15632" xml:space="preserve">Romæ uero
                <emph style="super">4</emph>
              Sed ſatis bæc dicta ſint. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15633" xml:space="preserve">concludit Vitruuius.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15634" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15635" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Qvod</emph>
              ſi ita eft, uti diſsimiles regiones ab inclinationibus cœli, uarijs generibus fint comparatæ,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15636" xml:space="preserve">ut etiam naturæ gentium diſparibus animis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15637" xml:space="preserve">corporum figuris, qualitatibusq́ naſcerentur, non
                <lb/>
              dubitamus ædiſiciorum quoque rationes ad nationum, gentiumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15638" xml:space="preserve">proprietatesaptè diftribui debere,
                <lb/>
              cum habeamus ab ipſa rerum natura ſolertem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15639" xml:space="preserve">expeditam monftrationem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15640" xml:space="preserve">Quo ad potui fumma
                <lb/>
              ratione proprietates locorum ab natura rerum diſpofitas animaduercere, expoſui, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15641" xml:space="preserve">quemadmodum
                <lb/>
              ad Solis curſum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15642" xml:space="preserve">inclinationes cœli, oporteat ad gentium figuras conſtituere ædificiorum qualita-
                <lb/>
              tes, dixi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15643" xml:space="preserve">Itaque nunc ſingulorum generum in ædificijs commenſus fymmetriarum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15644" xml:space="preserve">uniuerſos, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15645" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              feparatos brcuiter explicabo.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15646" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
          </div>
          <div xml:id="echoid-div553" type="section" level="2" n="94">
            <head xml:id="echoid-head101" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De ædificiorum priuatorum proportionibus, & men-ſuris. cap II</head>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15647" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">NVlla</emph>
              Architecto maior cura effe debet, niſi uti proportionibus ratæ partis habeant ædi-
                <lb/>
              ficia rationum exactiones. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15648" xml:space="preserve">Cum ergo conftituta ſymmetriarum ratio fuerit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15649" xml:space="preserve">commen-
                <lb/>
              fus ratiocinationibus explicati, tunc etiam acuminis eft proprium prouideread naturam
                <lb/>
              loci, aut uſum,aut ſpeciem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15650" xml:space="preserve">detractionibus, uel adiectionibus temperaturas efficere,
                <lb/>
              uti cum de ſymmetria ſit detractum,autadiectum, id uideatur recte effe formatum, fic ut in aſpectu
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.241-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.241-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              nihil deſideretur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15651" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15652" xml:space="preserve">Quæprimo uolumine capite#ſecundo ſunt dicta ,eaferè omnia boc loco repetuntur, idq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15653" xml:space="preserve">ratione factum
                <lb/>
              ostenditur, ex eo quod certum eſt, Arcbitectum debere easdem ideas ,ſpeciesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15654" xml:space="preserve">in priuatis ædificijs habere,
                <lb/>
              quas habet in publicis; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15655" xml:space="preserve">unde ordo, diſpoſitio, decor, euritbmia ,distributio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15656" xml:space="preserve">ſymmetria proponenda est
                <lb/>
              ſemper in omnibus operibus tampublicis, quàm priuatis ,tam ijs, quæ ad ædificationem ,quàm ijs, quæ ad
                <lb/>
              gnomonicem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15657" xml:space="preserve">machinationem pertinent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15658" xml:space="preserve">Symmetria primum eſt Architecto quærenda, hoc enim eſt pro-
                <lb/>
              prium Architecti, uti proportionibus ratæ partis habeant ædificia rationum exactiones. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15659" xml:space="preserve">quoniam uerò diſpo-
                <lb/>
              ſitio quædam libera eſt,quædam uero coacta, uel a loci, aut uſus, aut etiamformæ ænaceſſitate, ideo in libera,
                <lb/>
              ubi nihil impedit, atqueintegrum eſt, quicquid uolumus efficere ad ſymmetrias, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15660" xml:space="preserve">commenſus recurrendum
                <lb/>
              est; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15661" xml:space="preserve">in coacta uero ad ingenium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15662" xml:space="preserve">ſolertiam ueniendum eſt, ut ſymmetriarum rationem ad locinaturam,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.241-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.241-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              ad hominũ uſum, ad formam inchoatam accõmodemus,ita ut adijciẽdo,& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15663" xml:space="preserve">detrahendo aſpectui ſatisfactũ ſit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15664" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15665" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Alia</emph>
              #enim ad manum ſpecies eſſe uidetur, alia in excelſo, non eadem in concluſo, diſsimilis in
                <lb/>
              aperto, in quibus magniiudicij eſt opera, quid tandem faciendum ſit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15666" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15667" xml:space="preserve">Ostendit naturam locialiam, atque aliam ſymmetriarum rationem quærere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15668" xml:space="preserve">loca aut proximc ad oculos,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15669" xml:space="preserve">in promptu ſunt, aut excelſe & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15670" xml:space="preserve">remota,aut concluſa, obſcuraq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15671" xml:space="preserve">, aut patentia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15672" xml:space="preserve">aperta, buiuſmodi lo-
                <lb/>
              corum diuerſitas, aliamatque aliam ſpeciem quærit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15673" xml:space="preserve">quam igitur quiſque exigat ſpeciem dignoſcere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15674" xml:space="preserve">ad eam
                <lb/>
              commenſus rationem accommodare, magni iudicij eſt opera. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15675" xml:space="preserve">Sed cur ex naturaloci ſpecies immutetur, ra-
                <lb/>
              tio eſt, quia uiſus fallitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15676" xml:space="preserve">nec ucros uidetur effectus babere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15677" xml:space="preserve">Vnde Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15678" xml:space="preserve">dicit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15679" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15680" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Non</emph>
              enim ueros uidetur habere uiſus effectus,ſed ſallitur ſæpe ab eius iudicio mens.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15681" xml:space="preserve">#Et hoc
                <lb/>
              probatur experientia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15682" xml:space="preserve">exemplis.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15683" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15684" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Qvemadmodvm</emph>
              etiam in ſcenis pictis uidentur columnarum proiecturæ mutulorum ecphoræ,
                <lb/>
              ſignorum figuræ prominentes,cum ſit tabula ſine dubioad regulam plana: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15685" xml:space="preserve">ſimiliter in nauibus remi,
                <lb/>
              cum ſint ſub aqua directi, tamen oculis infracti uidentur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15686" xml:space="preserve">quatenus eorum partes tangant ſummã
                <lb/>
              planitiem liquoris, apparent (uti ſunt) directi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15687" xml:space="preserve">Cumuero ſub aqua ſunt demiſsi per naturæ perlucidã
                <lb/>
              raritatem remittunt enatantes ab ſuis corporibus fluentes imagines ad ſummamaquæ planitiem, atq;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15688" xml:space="preserve">ibi commotæ efficere uidenturiufractum remorum oculis aſpectum.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15689" xml:space="preserve">#Hocautem ſiue ſimulachrorũ
                <lb/>
              impulſu,ſeu radiorum ex oculis effuſionibus (uti phyſicis placet)uideamus, utraque ratione uidetur
                <lb/>
              ita eſſe, uti falſa iudicia oculorum habeat aſpectus.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15690" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15691" xml:space="preserve">Experientia monet ex ijs, quæper opticen in tabula explanata pinguntur, partes rerum uideri promi-
                <lb/>
              uentes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15692" xml:space="preserve">fugientes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15693" xml:space="preserve">remotas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15694" xml:space="preserve">proximas, quatenus puncti ratio, ſitusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15695" xml:space="preserve">expoſtulat.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15696" xml:space="preserve">#Cum uerò non</s>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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Impressum