Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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              <s xml:id="echoid-s16658" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="228" file="514.01.260" n="260" rhead="LIBER"/>
              ab ianua introeuntibus Græco more aditus erat, atque iter quoddum non nimis latum, utrinque uerò quoniam
                <lb/>
              equis delectabantur ,equilia erant ab una parte, ab alia uerò ostiarij cellæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16659" xml:space="preserve">locus oſtiarij, uel ianitoris
                <lb/>
              pylorion dicitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16660" xml:space="preserve">interim primo ianua occurrebat, deinde iter illud, quod ab alia parte, ideſt in fronte aliam
                <lb/>
              ianuam habebat, unde ſpatium itineris illius, quod inter duas ianuas interponebatur, tbyrorion, dicebatur, a
                <lb/>
              portis deſumpto uocabulo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16661" xml:space="preserve">hic locus pro atrio, uel uestibulo erat, ab ſecundis ianuis poſt thyrorion, in-
                <lb/>
              troitus erat in periſtylion, quod a tribus partibus habebat porticus,ſed pro fronte, quæ ad meridiem uergebat,
                <lb/>
              erat hiatus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16662" xml:space="preserve">apertio ſatis ampla ſecundis ianuis oppoſita, utrinque uerò in angulis pilas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16663" xml:space="preserve">antas habens,
                <lb/>
              quæ magiſtram trabem tanquam fulcra ſustinebant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16664" xml:space="preserve">Sub hiatu huiuſmodi ſpatium quoddam tectum erat ter-
                <lb/>
              tia parte minus, quàm hiatus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16665" xml:space="preserve">locus isproſtas,uel parastas, ab ipſis antis dicebatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16666" xml:space="preserve">Sed in oppoſito pa-
                <lb/>
              riete introrſus erant magni oeci, in quibus matres familiarum ſedebant lanificio operi incumbentes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16667" xml:space="preserve">Sed a
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.260-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.260-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              dextra, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16668" xml:space="preserve">aſiniſtra proſtadis cubicula erant uiri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16669" xml:space="preserve">uxoris, quæ thalami dicebantur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16670" xml:space="preserve">ancillarum cubi-
                <lb/>
              cula, ne longius abeſſent ab imperio dominæ, quæ amphithalami, uel antithalami uocabantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16671" xml:space="preserve">Sed circum
                <lb/>
              in porticibus periſtylij triclinia quotidiana erant, idſt loca, ubi ordinariè diſcumbebant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16672" xml:space="preserve">cubicula, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16673" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              cellæ familiarium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16674" xml:space="preserve">domeſticorum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16675" xml:space="preserve">Vniuerſa uerò pars hæc gynæconitis appellatur, quia mulierum ha-
                <lb/>
              bitationibus erat dicata, unde Græcorum ædificiorum commoditas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16676" xml:space="preserve">dignitas maxime ſpectanda cernitur,
                <lb/>
              qui ædificium duas in partes diſtribuebant, nam pars una erat, in qua uiri ſine fœminarum interpellationibus
                <lb/>
              uer ſabantur, quam andronitiden a uiris nominabant: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16677" xml:space="preserve">alteram uerò in qua congruerent mulieres lanificio,& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16678" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              textrinæ operam dantes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16679" xml:space="preserve">Gynæcijs coniungebantur domus ampliores peristylijs, porticibusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16680" xml:space="preserve">ornatas,pro-
                <lb/>
              prias ianuas, ueſtibulaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16681" xml:space="preserve">egregia habentes, in quibus nihil deſiderabatur, quod ad magnificentiam pertine-
                <lb/>
              bat, non triclinia Cyzicena, non pinacothecæ, non exedræ, non bibliothecæ, non oeci quadrati, non ſpecta-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.260-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.260-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              cularequirerepoterasſuisquæq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16682" xml:space="preserve">locis diſpoſita,& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16683" xml:space="preserve">certas cœli regiones ſpectantia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16684" xml:space="preserve">Quiduero dignius, ac re-
                <lb/>
              gium magis erat, quàm ita hoſpitibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16685" xml:space="preserve">peregrinis prouidiſſe, ut in hoſpitio nulli eſſe peregre uiderentur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16686" xml:space="preserve">Vſque adeo ſecreta,& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16687" xml:space="preserve">commoda hoſpitibus libertas parata erat, cum ſeparatæ domunculæ illis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16688" xml:space="preserve">commo-
                <lb/>
              dæ inſtruerentur ? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16689" xml:space="preserve">certe & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16690" xml:space="preserve">delicatorum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16691" xml:space="preserve">opulentorum ſigna hæc erant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16692" xml:space="preserve">nolebant enim ipſi ab hoſpitibus
                <lb/>
              impediri, nolebant & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16693" xml:space="preserve">ipſi hoſpites impedire, quare etiam a periſtylijs in hoſpitalia itinera faciebant, quæ me-
                <lb/>
              ſaulæ dicebantur, quod inter duas aulas, quæ quaſi atria erant, media ſint interpoſita, Latini ea uocant an-
                <lb/>
              dronas,nostri anditus dicunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16694" xml:space="preserve">Expoſitis Græcorum ædificiorum partibus ad nomenclationes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16695" xml:space="preserve">uocabula
                <lb/>
              rerum, quæ aliter a Latinis, aliter a Græcis ſumebantur, declaranda uenit Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16696" xml:space="preserve">in qua re prudenter feciſſe
                <lb/>
              uidetur,cum dicat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16697" xml:space="preserve">Nec tamen ego,ut mutetur conſuetudo nominationum aut ſermonis, ideo hæc propoſui, ſed
                <lb/>
              ut ea non ſint ignota philologis, exponenda iudicaui. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16698" xml:space="preserve">non uult enim de uerbis contendere, cum de re conſtat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16699" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.260-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.260-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              omnia ferè ſunt facilia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16700" xml:space="preserve">illud tamen eſt animaduertendum, quod xystos neutro genere ſcribendum monet Phi
                <lb/>
              lander, uel testimonio quorundam ueterum codicum, diathyra autem repagula dicit eſſe lignea, quibus ar-
                <lb/>
              centur equi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16701" xml:space="preserve">currus ab ædium ueſtibulis, forte nos diathyra raſtellos ante portas urbium uocare poſſe-
                <lb/>
              mus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16702" xml:space="preserve">De .</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16703" xml:space="preserve">Atlantibus uero, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16704" xml:space="preserve">Telamonibus inquit, ſe a Seruio habuiſſe,quod a Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16705" xml:space="preserve">ignoratum animaduertit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16706" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
          </div>
          <div xml:id="echoid-div592" type="section" level="2" n="104">
            <head xml:id="echoid-head111" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De firmitate, & fundamentis ædificiorum. Cap. XI.</head>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16707" xml:space="preserve">AEdificia, quæ plano pede inſtruuntur, ſi fundamenta eorum facta fuerint, ita uti in prio-
                <lb/>
              ribus libris de muro,& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16708" xml:space="preserve">theatris a nobis eſt expoſitum, ad uetuſtatem ea erunt ſine du-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.260-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.260-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              bitatione firma, ſin autem hypogea concamerationesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16709" xml:space="preserve">inſtituentur, fundationes eo-
                <lb/>
              rum fieri debent craſsiores ,quàm quæ in ſuperioribus ædificijs ſtructuræ ſunt futuræ,
                <lb/>
              eorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16710" xml:space="preserve">parietes, pilæ, columnæ,ad perpendiculum inferiorum medio collocentur, uti ſolido re-
                <lb/>
              ſpondeant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16711" xml:space="preserve">Nam ſi in pendentibus onera fuerint parietum, aut columnarum, non poterunt habere
                <lb/>
              perpetuam firmitatem.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16712" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16713" xml:space="preserve">Quod ædificandum ſumimus firmitatem, utilitatem,& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16714" xml:space="preserve">uenuſtatem habere debet, ut dictum eſt uolumine
                <lb/>
              primo,id præceptum paßim a Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16715" xml:space="preserve">obſeruatum uidimus, tum in primo cum de mœnibus collocandis ageret,
                <lb/>
              tum in tertio, cum de fundationibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16716" xml:space="preserve">columnis tam in locis ſolidis, quàm in congeſtitijs tractaret, tum etiam
                <lb/>
              in quinto cum theatrorum rationem exequeretur, ſempere nim habita ratione utilitatis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16717" xml:space="preserve">uenuſtatis ad fir-
                <lb/>
              mitatem operum reſpexit, quod & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16718" xml:space="preserve">in priuatorum ædificijs, etiam obſeruandum cenſet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16719" xml:space="preserve">cum ergo tractauerit
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.260-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.260-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              de utilitate, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16720" xml:space="preserve">decore, reliquum eſt ut de firmitate agat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16721" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam uero in antiquorum ædificorum ruinis mul
                <lb/>
              ta ædium membra ſubterranea fuiſſe reperiuntur, eademq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16722" xml:space="preserve">concamerata, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16723" xml:space="preserve">for nicis modo delumbata magni-
                <lb/>
              tudine ampla, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16724" xml:space="preserve">ornatu magnifica, ideo forte erit, quod deſideremus, qua ratione fundationes eorum fieri
                <lb/>
              debent, ut ſine dubitatione firma ſint. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16725" xml:space="preserve">Ideo hoc loco de ijs rebus præcepta traduntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16726" xml:space="preserve">Aedificia partes ha-
                <lb/>
              bent imas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16727" xml:space="preserve">ſubterraneas, item & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16728" xml:space="preserve">partes plano pede ſtructas, item & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16729" xml:space="preserve">contignationes, quemadmodum
                <lb/>
              plano pede ædificia inſtituta fundentur, præallegatis locis declarauit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16730" xml:space="preserve">nunc de ſubterraneis, quæ hypogea no-
                <lb/>
              minat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16731" xml:space="preserve">concameratis fundandis monet, fundamenta eorum ædificiorum craſſiora eſſe debere omnibus ædi-
                <lb/>
              ficiorum ſtructuris,quæ ſupra futuræ ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16732" xml:space="preserve">Craſſiores certè omnes ſubſtructiones eſſe debent ſtructuris ſupe-
                <lb/>
              rioribus, ſed hæ quæhypogeorum ædificiorum fiunt,mira craſſitudine eſſe debent, quod in antiquis obſerua-
                <lb/>
              tum est, maxima enim onera ſustinent, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s16733" xml:space="preserve">humiditatibus obnoxia ſunt, quare fund amentorum firmit ati pro-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.260-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.260-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
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