Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

< >
[111] Orthographia meſolabij Architæ.
[112] Demonſtratio Eratoſtbenis. a g t cb f b d
[113] Instrumentum Eratoſthenis. m a x g n b c n i o l v q p b e f k d
[114] Vſ{us} demonſtratio Eratoſtbenis cum inſtrumento. a h n ek l i o d b 8 m c 4
[115] Inſtrumentum Platonis. f i n o m
[116] cubus. 8 8 64 8 8 8 8 512 8s e
[117] Demonstratio Archita. p l k b o i m b e d af
[118] Demonctration Platonis. d e b c g
[119] Demostratio ter tiæ proprietatis, & aſſumptionis Nicomedis.instrumentum Nicomedis. f h d g b s n m k a
[120] Duplicatio cubi. e a b c d f g
[121] Dimonctratio prrima proprie tatis. s n m l k
[122] Vſus inſtrume ti Nicomedis & eius demő ſtratio. l e b c g f a k h i
[123] h
[124] b d c e f g
[125] a b c e d
[126] Secunda proprietas lineæ flexæ.f n e b g i d m k c
[127] a. centrum mundi.b. oculus in ſuperficie terræc. ſydus.d. uertex.b c a. angulus diuerſitatis. c d 6 a
[128] a b deferens.c. deferentis centrum.d e. epicyclus.a. centrum epicycli.f. mundi centrum.a. iugum deferentis.b. antiiugum.d. iugum epicycli. d a e c s b
[129] a b g. concentricum.d. eius centrum.e z b. eccentricum.t. eius centrum.k z. epicyclus.b. eius centrum.d t. b z. œquales.t z. d b. œquales.motus { concentrici b d a. \\ epicycli k b z. \\ eccentrici z t e. \\ anguli œquales Sol utroque modo uidetur in z. per li-neam d z. e a t d b z b k
[130] a b g. eccentricum.d. eius centrum.e. centrum mundi.a d g. linea ingi.b. centrm Solis.e z. linea medij motus parallela li-neœ b d.c b. linea ueri motus.b e z. angulus œquatio. z b a d e
[131] a b g. concentricum. d. eius centrũ.t z. eccentricum.h. eius centrum.e z. epicyclus.g. eius centrum.d b. & g z. œquales.d z. parallelogrammum.motus {concentrici a d g. \\ epicycli e g z. \\ eccentrici t b z. uet t dg. \\ iugieccentric. a d t. anguli t b z. & e g z. œqua-les ſunt.angulus a d g. œqualis augulis. {adt. \\ adg. f n b a d o k
[132] b k epicyclus.b. centrum eius.h. uigum.n. Antijugum epicycli.k. punctũ primœ morœ.c. mundi centrum.o. punctũ ſecundæ morœ.h l k. arcus primœ mo rœ.k n o. arcus regreſſus-o b k. arcus directio-nis. L K A H B N O C
[133] Porfioni del cerchio che fannoſe s̃teſſe torno dlaTramòntanaTram ontanaSlmiſifudineTramonſangCarro che uoſge infomoalla Framonlana
[134] a b c d f
[135] A. ſectio parabole.B. vestigium. C. parabole.G. ſectio ellipſis.D. ſectio hyperbole.E. vestigium F. hyperbole. a f a f 1 f f f 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 4 3 3 4 5 4 4 5 6 C 5 5 6 F 7 A 6 6 8 7 8 7 7 D 8 9 8 8 9 10 11 10 10 11 11 11 11 b 12 g e d b e h d gf g b 6 7 3 1 2 4 6 8 10c g b E a 11 9 7 3 3 1 d 2 4 6 8 10 e ha f 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 a b c d 9 8 7 6 3 2 1 f b a H d g 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ff 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 g
[136] m q 0 s k h c b s n L I p q s
[137] Il polo.cqiunot.orizonte c e b a f
[138] l n k mcridl. parte delverno E e h a s i 9 8 7 6 5della jtate 4 3 parte g h f x lacato manaco b r c linca del.piano t
[139] Analemmatis figura.MERIDIAN: S. M. MLSLACITREVM.M.MERIDIAN: .S.OMVERTICAV.M..S.. O. M.ORIZON:W. A.STAB:
[140] 11 ſ x d 11 p k 1 2 1 2 3 4 5f 6 r 11 10 9 8 7 n f m 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 1 02 3 4 1g c 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 e 11 10 9 8 7 q b o
< >
page |< < (243) of 412 > >|
    <echo version="1.0RC">
      <text xml:lang="la" type="free">
        <div xml:id="echoid-div1" type="section" level="1" n="1">
          <div xml:id="echoid-div619" type="section" level="2" n="110">
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17897" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="243" file="514.01.275" n="275" rhead="SEPTIMVS."/>
              uerſum domos ſupra tegularum tecta poteſt habere, aut columnas, ſeu faſtigiorum explicationes?
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17898" xml:space="preserve">Hæc enim ſupra contignationes ponuntur, non ſupra tegularum tecta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17899" xml:space="preserve">Si ergo quæ non poſſunt in
                <lb/>
              ueritate rationem habere facti, in picturis probauerimus, accedemus & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17900" xml:space="preserve">nos his ciuitatibus, quæ pro-
                <lb/>
              pter hæc uitia inſi pientes ſunt iudicatæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17901" xml:space="preserve">Itaque Apaturius contra reſpondere non eſt auſus, ſed ſuſtu-
                <lb/>
              lit ſcenam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17902" xml:space="preserve">ad rationem ueritatis commutatam, poſtea correctam approbauit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17903" xml:space="preserve">Vtinam dijimmor
                <lb/>
              tales feciſſent, ut Licinius reuiuiſceret, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17904" xml:space="preserve">corrigeret hanc amentiam, tectoriorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17905" xml:space="preserve">errantia inſtitu-
                <lb/>
              ta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17906" xml:space="preserve">Sed quare uincat ueritatem ratio ſalſa, non erit alienum exponere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17907" xml:space="preserve">Quod enim antiqui inſumentes
                <lb/>
              Jaborem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17908" xml:space="preserve">induſtriam probare contendebant artibus, id nunc coloribus & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17909" xml:space="preserve">eorum eleganti ſpecie
                <lb/>
              conſequuntur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17910" xml:space="preserve">quam ſubtilitas artificis adijciebat operibus auctoritatem, nunc dominicus ſum-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.275-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.275-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              ptus efficit, ne deſideretur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17911" xml:space="preserve">Quis enim antiquorum non uti medicamento minio parce uidetur uſus
                <lb/>
              eſſe? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17912" xml:space="preserve">At nunc paſsim plerunque toti parietes inducuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17913" xml:space="preserve">Accedit huc chryſocolla, oſtrum, Arme-
                <lb/>
              nium. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17914" xml:space="preserve">Hæc uero cum inducuntur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17915" xml:space="preserve">ſi non ab arte ſint poſita, fulgentes tamen oculorum reddunt
                <lb/>
              uiſus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17916" xml:space="preserve">ideo quòd precioſa ſunt legibus excipiuntur, uta domino non a redemptore repreſenten-
                <lb/>
              tur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17917" xml:space="preserve">Quæ commonefacere potui, ut ab errore diſcedatur in opere tectorio ſatis expoſui: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17918" xml:space="preserve">Nunc de ap-
                <lb/>
              parationibus, ut ſuccurrere potuerint, dicam; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17919" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17920" xml:space="preserve">primum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17921" xml:space="preserve">quoniam de calce initio eſt dictum, nunc
                <lb/>
              de marmore dicendum reſtat.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17922" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17923" xml:space="preserve">Quid in diuerſis conclauibus pingendum ſit, pro rei dignitate, partim ſuperiori capite, partim hoc monemur
                <lb/>
              a Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17924" xml:space="preserve">Ex picturæ diffinitione argumentatur id quod decet, poſtea liberè reprehendit, qui a uera antiquorum
                <lb/>
              pictorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17925" xml:space="preserve">recta ratione diſceſſere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17926" xml:space="preserve">qua in re acriter inuehitur in id picturæ genus, quod nostri Grotteſcam
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.275-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.275-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              uocant, ut pote quæ resſit, ut nullo modo ſtare poſſit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17927" xml:space="preserve">nam cum pictura ſit rerum, quæſunt, uel quæ eſſe poſſunt
                <lb/>
              imitatio, qui fiet, ut rectè factum iudicemus quod in eo genere tentatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17928" xml:space="preserve">efficitur? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17929" xml:space="preserve">animalia ſcilicet ædes fe-
                <lb/>
              rentia, cannas, arundinesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17930" xml:space="preserve">colummas ſignificantes, monſtrorum articuli, naturarum dißimilitudines, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17931" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              mariorum generum mixtiones, quas fieri minimè natura patitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17932" xml:space="preserve">Certè quemadmodum fantaſia confuſæ in
                <lb/>
              ſomnis rerum imagines nobis affert, ſæpeq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17933" xml:space="preserve">res natura diſſimiles ſpectris aggregari ſolet, ita recte poſſu-
                <lb/>
              mus dicere ab eo picturæ genere fieri, quod picturæ ſomnium rectè nominare poſſumus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17934" xml:space="preserve">Simile quid in dicendi
                <lb/>
              arte, uel loquendi peritia uidere ſolemus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17935" xml:space="preserve">Nam dialecticus rationi nititur ſatisfacere, orator ſenſibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17936" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              rationi, poeta aliquanto magis ſenſui, quam rationi, Sophiſta uero monſtra parit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17937" xml:space="preserve">huiuſinodi, qualia nobis
                <lb/>
              phantaſia ſolet afferre, cum ſenſus a ſomno opprimuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17938" xml:space="preserve">Quam uero commendandus ſit Sophiſta dicant ij
                <lb/>
              qui diſcrimen inter uerum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17939" xml:space="preserve">falſum, inter uerum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17940" xml:space="preserve">ueriſimile ponere poſſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17941" xml:space="preserve">Certe fucus colorum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17942" xml:space="preserve">la-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.275-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.275-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              boris effugium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17943" xml:space="preserve">ueræ artis ignorantia eo deduxit pictores, ut uanæ oblectationi inani re ſatisfaciant.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17944" xml:space="preserve">Credo etiam ego primum huiuſmodi genus, quòd nullius est laboris, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17945" xml:space="preserve">aliquæ uoluptatis in hypogeis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17946" xml:space="preserve">cry-
                <lb/>
              ptſis, quas grottas, unde nomen habent, inuentum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17947" xml:space="preserve">uerè digna loco pictura, in qua colorum præstantia po-
                <lb/>
              tius, quam artificis manus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17948" xml:space="preserve">ingenium commendatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17949" xml:space="preserve">Excuſant ſe pictores artificioſamq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17950" xml:space="preserve">rem dicunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17951" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              quaſi hieroglyficam, ſignis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17952" xml:space="preserve">monumentis præclaram, eam picturæ ſpeciem uolunt eſſe, neque omnibus datum
                <lb/>
              eſſe dicunt, poſſe aptè, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17953" xml:space="preserve">concinne eam efficere, ut picturæ ſubtilitas, partium reſponſus, ſignificationum uis
                <lb/>
              inuentionum pulcbritudo, lineamentorum tractus, concinnitas inde ſpectabilis habeatur; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17954" xml:space="preserve">ſed hæc quam uere
                <lb/>
              eos excuſent, alij uideant, ſed nos ad res, non ad ſomnia intendamus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17955" xml:space="preserve">Pictura quemadmodum cætera, quæ
                <lb/>
              ab homin ibus, hoc eſt ab ratione utentibus fieri ſolent, propoſitum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17956" xml:space="preserve">intentionem habeat aliquid imitandi,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17957" xml:space="preserve">repreſentandi, ad id propoſitum omnis compoſitio est referenda, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17958" xml:space="preserve">quemadmodum poetæ fabulis prodeſſe
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.275-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.275-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              hominibus debent, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17959" xml:space="preserve">muſica ſunm ad effectum aliquem finem habere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17960" xml:space="preserve">Ita quæ pictura imitamur, non ſolum
                <lb/>
              oculis, ſed animo aliquid utilitatis afferre oportet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17961" xml:space="preserve">cumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17962" xml:space="preserve">pictura, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17963" xml:space="preserve">poetica uaria ſint pro rerum qualitate,
                <lb/>
              quæ triplici genere continentur, ſummo, medio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17964" xml:space="preserve">infimo, ita quæ maiestatem habent publicis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17965" xml:space="preserve">præſtan-
                <lb/>
              tißimorum operibus adhibebuntur, unde megalographia deducta eſt, quæ uero mediocribus conueniunt, ſuis
                <lb/>
              locis ponantur, quemadmodum infima docet Vitrunius ſuis locis pingenda. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17966" xml:space="preserve">Poſt dignitatis, uenuſtatisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17967" xml:space="preserve">conſide-
                <lb/>
              rationem ars adhibenda es̃t, qua rerum formas ſuis numeris abſolutas, certosq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17968" xml:space="preserve">corporum fines, figuramus,
                <lb/>
              ſymmetrias, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17969" xml:space="preserve">proportiones partium inter ſe, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17970" xml:space="preserve">ad ccrpus relatas obſeruamus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17971" xml:space="preserve">item actus, geſtusq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17972" xml:space="preserve">, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17973" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              uiuacitatem repreſentare oportet, affectus demum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17974" xml:space="preserve">mores, quod paucorum eſt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17975" xml:space="preserve">nostris temporibus uix
                <lb/>
              conſideratur, in quo artis perfec̃tio eſt collocata, fines corporum ita terminare ut interminati uideantur, quiq́;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17976" xml:space="preserve">ſint tam leniter, leuiterq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17977" xml:space="preserve">ducti, ut etiam intelligatur, quod non cernitur, putetq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17978" xml:space="preserve">oculus ſe uidere, quod non
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.275-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.275-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              uideat (fumatam ſpeciem iſtam nostri dicunt.) </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17979" xml:space="preserve">ita enim corporum quorundam ſuperficiem natura terminauit,
                <lb/>
              ut lineæ, finesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17980" xml:space="preserve">eorum tenui quadam ratione ductæ uideantur ſuauem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17981" xml:space="preserve">dulcem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17982" xml:space="preserve">teneram fugam nostri
                <lb/>
              dicerent in horizonte, ac terminatione uiſus, quemadmodum in planis, quæ optice artis diligentia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17983" xml:space="preserve">ſubtili-
                <lb/>
              tate pinguntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17984" xml:space="preserve">Idq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17985" xml:space="preserve">quod aio eſſe, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17986" xml:space="preserve">non eſſe uidetur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17987" xml:space="preserve">maximo iudicio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17988" xml:space="preserve">experientia perficitur, igno-
                <lb/>
              rantes oblectat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17989" xml:space="preserve">ſciemes mirari facit, præterea colores, eorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17990" xml:space="preserve">compcſitiones ſubtiles, efficacesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17991" xml:space="preserve">uirorũ
                <lb/>
              imitationes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17992" xml:space="preserve">ſplendores, teneritudinemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17993" xml:space="preserve">membrorum muliebrium & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17994" xml:space="preserve">effectam, ſed parum expreſſam mu-
                <lb/>
              ſculorum partitionem carne ita rectè ueſtitam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17995" xml:space="preserve">tectam, ut ſubeſſe ſentiantur muſculi, qui in uirili cor-
                <lb/>
              pore, ita ſub pannis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17996" xml:space="preserve">ueſtibus corpus eſſe intelligatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17997" xml:space="preserve">nuditatem in ueſtitu oſtendamus, flexus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17998" xml:space="preserve">ſtriæ
                <lb/>
              ſuauiter ducantur nihil effic ientes, quod uenustate careat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s17999" xml:space="preserve">rem non repreſentet ut est, proxima uel remota,
                <lb/>
              directa uel abſcedens, alta uel depreſſa, uiſus demum conueniens ratio habeatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18000" xml:space="preserve">Sed mens nostra non est
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.275-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.275-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              hoc loco diffuſius hæc pertractare, neque de alijs orn amentis agere, cuiuſmodi ſunt obeliſci, pyramides, ſepul-</s>
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>