Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <head xml:id="echoid-head128" xml:space="preserve">M.VITR V VII DE
              <lb/>
            ARCHITE CTVRA
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            LIBER OCTAVVS.</head>
            <head xml:id="echoid-head129" xml:space="preserve">Proœmium.</head>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18468" xml:space="preserve">DE ſeptem ſapientibus Thales Mileſius omnium rerum principium aquam eſt
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              proſeſſus, Heraclitus ignem, Magorum ſacerdotes aquam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18469" xml:space="preserve">ignem, Eu-
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              ripides auditor Anaxagoræ, quem philoſophum Athenienſes ſcenicum
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              appellauerunt, aera, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18470" xml:space="preserve">terram, eamq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18471" xml:space="preserve">ex cœleſtium imbrium conceptioni-
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              bus inſeminatam, fœtus gentium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18472" xml:space="preserve">omnium animalium in mundo pro-
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              creauiſſe: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18473" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18474" xml:space="preserve">quæ ex ea eſſent prognata cum diſſoluerentur, temporum ne-
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              ceſsitate coactam in eadem redire, quæq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18475" xml:space="preserve">de aere naſcerentur item in cœ-
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                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.281-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.281-02a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              li regiones reuerti, neque interitiones recipere, ſed diſſolutione mutata in
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              eandem recidere, in qua antè fuerant proprietatem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18476" xml:space="preserve">Pythagoras uero Em-
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              pedocles, Epicharmus, alijq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18477" xml:space="preserve">Phyſici, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18478" xml:space="preserve">Philoſophi hæc principia quatuor eſſe propoſuerunt, aerem,
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              ignem, aquam, terram, eorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18479" xml:space="preserve">inter ſe cohærentes naturali figuratione ex generum diſcriminibus
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              eſſicere qualitates. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18480" xml:space="preserve">Animaduertimus uero non ſolum naſcentia, ſed etiam res omnes non ali ſine eo-
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              rum poteſtate, neque creſcere, neque tueri. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18481" xml:space="preserve">Namque corpora ſine ſpiritu redundantia non poſſunt
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              habere uitam, niſiaer influens cum incremento fecerit auctus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18482" xml:space="preserve">remiſsiones continenter. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18483" xml:space="preserve">Caloris
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              uero ſinon fuerit in corpore iuſta comparatio, non erit ſpiritus animalis, neque erectio firma, cibiq́;
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              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18484" xml:space="preserve">uires non poterunt habere concoctionis temperaturam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18485" xml:space="preserve">Item ſi non terreſtri cibo membra co rporis
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              alantur, deficerẽtur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18486" xml:space="preserve">ita a terreni principij mixtione erunt deſerta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18487" xml:space="preserve">Animalia uero ſi fuerint ſine hu
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                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.281-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.281-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              moris poteſtate, exanguinata, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18488" xml:space="preserve">exucta a principiorum liquore interareſcent.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18489" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18490" xml:space="preserve">Inquit Ariſtoteles nutriri nos ex his rebus, ex quibus conſtamus, ideo quatuor principia, quœ elementa
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              uocant, neceſſaria ſunt ad uitam bominum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18491" xml:space="preserve">animalium, his enim constamus,his omnia quoque alia cor-
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              pora ſunt compoſita, nec eſt quod nunc pbiloſophemur, cum Architecto ea ſint ſatis quœ a Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18492" xml:space="preserve">dicuntur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18493" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18494" xml:space="preserve">Igitur diuina mens, quæ propriè neceſſaria eſſent gentibus, non conſtituit difficilia & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18495" xml:space="preserve">cara, uti ſunt
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              margaritæ, aurum, argentum, cæteraq;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18496" xml:space="preserve">, quæ nec corpus, nec natura deſiderat, ſed ſine quibus mor-
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              talium uita non poteſt eſſe tuta, effudit ad manum parata per omnem mundum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18497" xml:space="preserve">Itaque ex his, ſi
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              quid forte deſit in corpore ſpiritus ad reſtituendum aer deſignatus id præſtat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18498" xml:space="preserve">Apparatus autem ad
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              auxilia caloris, Solis impetus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18499" xml:space="preserve">ignis inuentus, tutiorem efficit uitam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18500" xml:space="preserve">Item terrenus fructus eſca-
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              rum præſtans copia, ſuperuacuis deſiderationibus alit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18501" xml:space="preserve">nutrit animalia paſcendo continenter. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18502" xml:space="preserve">Aqua
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              uero non ſolum potus, ſed infinitas uſui præbendo neceſsitates, gratas, (quòd eſt gratuita) præſtat
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.281-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.281-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              utilitates, ex eo etiam qui ſacerdotia gerunt moribus Aegyptioum, oſtendunt omnes res ex liquoris
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              poteſtate conſiſtere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18503" xml:space="preserve">Itaque cum hydriam tegunt, quæ ad templum, ædemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18504" xml:space="preserve">iuſta religione refertur,
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              tunc in terra procũbentes, manibus ad cœlum ſublatis, inuẽtionibus gratias agunt diuinæ benignitatis.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18505" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18506" xml:space="preserve">Repetit Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18507" xml:space="preserve">quœ ſecundo libro commemorauit, ſed alia intentione, Mam ſecundo uolumine querebat ef-
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              fectus uarios, qui fiunt in rebus uaria principiorum permixtione, quales ſunt in calce, in lateribus, in arena,
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              in lapidibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18508" xml:space="preserve">in arboribus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18509" xml:space="preserve">hic uero de ui, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18510" xml:space="preserve">uſu aquæ tractare proponit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18511" xml:space="preserve">Certè uero habet unde uolu-
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              mina bæc ornet Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18512" xml:space="preserve">cum de aquis agat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18513" xml:space="preserve">Nam quemadmodum aurum, margaritæ, lapidesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18514" xml:space="preserve">precioſæ res ſunt
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              ob raritatem, quanquam natura illis parum indiget; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18515" xml:space="preserve">ita aqua precioſa eſt ob neceſſitatem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18516" xml:space="preserve">uſum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18517" xml:space="preserve">Vn-
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              de non immerito, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18518" xml:space="preserve">philoſophi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18519" xml:space="preserve">poetæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18520" xml:space="preserve">ſacerdotes aquæ uſum celebrauere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18521" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam uero urbs Romæ
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                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.281-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.281-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              longe alias urbes ſuperauit magnificentia, cura, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18522" xml:space="preserve">opere in ducendis aquis; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18523" xml:space="preserve">ideo Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18524" xml:space="preserve">præter uniuerſalem,
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              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18525" xml:space="preserve">communem aquarum uſum, ut hac quoque parte Romanis ſatisfaciat, ſeparatim huic operi librum dedi-
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              cauit, in quo & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18526" xml:space="preserve">de natura & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18527" xml:space="preserve">de uſu aquarum loquitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18528" xml:space="preserve">De natur a in ſecundo tertio & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18529" xml:space="preserve">quarto capite: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18530" xml:space="preserve">de uſu
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              primo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18531" xml:space="preserve">cæteris. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18532" xml:space="preserve">Quod ad natur am pertinet, abſoluitur in enarrand is aquarum proprietatibus, uiribus,
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              qualitatibus, delectabilem hiſtoriam perſequendo. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18533" xml:space="preserve">Quod uero ad uſum ſpectat, agit de inuentione aquarum
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              de electione, de ductione, de conſeruatione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18534" xml:space="preserve">Inuentioni primum caput dedicatur, electioni quintum, nam non
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              ſatis eſt aquas naturalibus indicijs, alijsq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18535" xml:space="preserve">experimentis inuenire, ſed neceſſe eſt bonas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18536" xml:space="preserve">ſalubres eligere.
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              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18537" xml:space="preserve">Ducendis & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18538" xml:space="preserve">ſeruandis ſextum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18539" xml:space="preserve">ſeptimum caput tribuitur, docetq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18540" xml:space="preserve">librare aquas, inſtrumentaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18541" xml:space="preserve">struit ad
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              id apta, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18542" xml:space="preserve">idonea, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18543" xml:space="preserve">ducendi modos oſtendit: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18544" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18545" xml:space="preserve">ita octauum abſoluit uolumen, quod ego ſuis locis, ſine di-
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              gre{ſS}ioribus exponam breuiter, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18546" xml:space="preserve">ſine ſuco.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s18547" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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