Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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              <s xml:id="echoid-s19100" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="256" file="514.01.288" n="288" rhead="LIBER"/>
              quæcunq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19101" xml:space="preserve">ſeruantur uirtute continentium corporum ſeruari, itẽ quæcunq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19102" xml:space="preserve">mouentur corpora, quæ rectis com-
                <lb/>
              menſibus dimetiuntur ad propria loca natura ferri, tanquam ad initia eorum ortus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19103" xml:space="preserve">Ideo nulli dubium eſſe de-
                <lb/>
              bet qu in ea uis in locorum proprietatibus reperiatur, quæ actrix, auctrixq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19104" xml:space="preserve">ſit rerum, nam & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19105" xml:space="preserve">in corporibus
                <lb/>
              animantum ad ſua quæq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19106" xml:space="preserve">membra alimentum trabi uidemus tanquam ad ſedes proprias, unde formam conci-
                <lb/>
              piant eius membri ad quod trahitur, nec fieri potest, ut alimentum quic quam agat, niſi uim membri, ad quod
                <lb/>
              mouetur, ommino adeptum ſuerit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19107" xml:space="preserve">Eius igitur perfectionis initium eſt membrum ipſum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19108" xml:space="preserve">non immerito igitur
                <lb/>
              locus inter initia rerum a philoſophis collocatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19109" xml:space="preserve">experimento quoque uidemus corpora extra ſedes ſuas a natu
                <lb/>
              ra primo inditas collocata, labi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19110" xml:space="preserve">interire, quoniam a loco tanquam a principio ſui ortus longè poſita ſint.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19111" xml:space="preserve">Cæterum ne error ſenſim ſubrepat in bis, quæ dicturi ſumus, loci acceptione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19112" xml:space="preserve">uocabulo dicemus quid per
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.288-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.288-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              locum intelligamus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19113" xml:space="preserve">Locus communi quadam ratione pro corpore ambiente aliud corpus ſumi ſolet, habita
                <lb/>
              ratione ad ſuperficiem ipſum continentem uel contingentem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19114" xml:space="preserve">Dicitur & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19115" xml:space="preserve">locus caua illa ſuperficies, ad quam
                <lb/>
              corpus aliquod mouetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19116" xml:space="preserve">Si communi ratione locus ſumatur, certè ſummum illud corpus, quod nec ortum,
                <lb/>
              nec interitum ſentit in loco eſſe non dicetur, nam extra ſe corpus nullum ambiens babent, quod magnitudinem
                <lb/>
              eius circunſcribat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19117" xml:space="preserve">Cætera uero corpora a primo babent extra ſe corpus, quod ea continet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19118" xml:space="preserve">Verum, quia & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19119" xml:space="preserve">
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              ipſa, nec ortum generationis babent, nec intereunt, contingunt ſe certe continentq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19120" xml:space="preserve">, ſed eorũ contactus, mathe
                <lb/>
              matica quadam ratione fit idest non naturali, quia nec patiuntur propterea, nec agunt quicquam inter ſe. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19121" xml:space="preserve">id
                <lb/>
              quod ex eo eſt, quod eorum materies quam primum propriam conſequitur formam, quæ indiudua est, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19122" xml:space="preserve">im-
                <lb/>
              pertibilis ante quàm magnitudinem (ſeu quòd dicunt) quantitatem babeat: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19123" xml:space="preserve">buiuſmodi ergo corporibus, nec
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              propriè nec ſecundum naturam debetur locus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19124" xml:space="preserve">Ideoq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19125" xml:space="preserve">natura perpetuitatem babent, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19126" xml:space="preserve">eorum forma, nec
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.288-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.288-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              per ſe, nec per accidens mouetur, ut in phyſicis probatum eſt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19127" xml:space="preserve">quemadmodum nullus est eorum ſecundum
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              natur am motus ad formam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19128" xml:space="preserve">ad locum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19129" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19130" xml:space="preserve">quod ad formam non mouetur, neque ad locum mouetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19131" xml:space="preserve">Sed
                <lb/>
              ipſa potius ſunt aliorum corporum loca, unde quod ita ordinata ſint in loco, conuenit eis ex præstantia & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19132" xml:space="preserve">ex-
                <lb/>
              cellentia quadam, ſecundum quem ordinem, cauſæ ſunt eorum, quæ natura fiunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19133" xml:space="preserve">in quo quidem ordine, quod
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              eſt uniuerſalis, cæterorum cauſa, ultimum eſt, quod ſuo circumplexu omnia continet: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19134" xml:space="preserve">Ideoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19135" xml:space="preserve">altius in loco ſecum-
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              dum diſtantiam a centro eſſe oportet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19136" xml:space="preserve">cõplecti omnia in orbẽ,ut æquabiliter in omnibus natura constantibus
                <lb/>
              nires ſuas exerceat, non omnis autem ſuperficies locus est naturalis rei, ſed ea quæ terminus est continentis
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              corporis comparata, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19137" xml:space="preserve">relata ad dis̃tantiam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19138" xml:space="preserve">cauſam, in qua propriæ estgener atio ret, quæ continetur.
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              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19139" xml:space="preserve">In ea enim ſuperficie ſic affecta fit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19140" xml:space="preserve">ſeruatur & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19141" xml:space="preserve">augetur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19142" xml:space="preserve">extra eam, in alia ſifuerit, quæ contrarias
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              qualitates habeat, diſſoluitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19143" xml:space="preserve">interimit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19144" xml:space="preserve">Hinc ſimplicia illa corpora, quæ a phyſicis elementa dicuntur
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.288-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.288-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              in eo loco ſeruantur, ad quem natura feruatur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19145" xml:space="preserve">permixtis uero is locus debetur pro ratione ſimplicium, quæ
                <lb/>
              motiones habent ad ſua loca naturales, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19146" xml:space="preserve">extra ſuas ſedes intereunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19147" xml:space="preserve">locus quidem ſimplicium ſimplex
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              est, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19148" xml:space="preserve">compoſitorum compoſitus, hinc eſt quòd bomines ad cœli inclinationes contrarijs his, in quibus nati
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              funt accedentes debilitantur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19149" xml:space="preserve">infirmantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19150" xml:space="preserve">Animalia quoque gignendi uires amittunt loci mutatione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19151" xml:space="preserve">Vnde
                <lb/>
              elephantes extra prima climata raro generantur,ultra quartum nunquam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19152" xml:space="preserve">Leones item in ſexto, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19153" xml:space="preserve">ſeptimo
                <lb/>
              non reperiuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19154" xml:space="preserve">De plantis quoque ratio eadem ut Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19155" xml:space="preserve">rectè obſeruauit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19156" xml:space="preserve">nunc dicam amplius quòd cor-
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              porum quædam continent, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19157" xml:space="preserve">non continentur, quædam contrario modo ſe habent, nam continentur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19158" xml:space="preserve">non
                <lb/>
              continent, alia demum continent, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19159" xml:space="preserve">continentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19160" xml:space="preserve">Omnia continens, cœlum eſt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19161" xml:space="preserve">illud quod extremo ambitu
                <lb/>
              omnia cingit a nullo continetur, quo uirtus omnis in omnia defluit, infimum uero terræ puræ corpus, quod
                <lb/>
              centro proximum eſt, continetur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19162" xml:space="preserve">non continet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19163" xml:space="preserve">Cætera uero intermedia, ſi inferioribus comparentur, con-
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              tinent, ſi ſuperioribus, continentur, Longum uero eſſet de intermedijs ostendere quis proprius cuique ſit locus
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.288-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.288-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              a natur a ſignatus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19164" xml:space="preserve">qua ratione tanta in loco virtus inſit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19165" xml:space="preserve">elementorum uarias efficiat qualitates. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19166" xml:space="preserve">ſimi-
                <lb/>
              liter in his quæ ex elementis conſtant recenſere, quis naturalis ſit locus tædioſum eſſet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19167" xml:space="preserve">ſatis est dixiſſe ex phi-
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              loſopborum ſententia, corpora quæſunt tantum loca, eſſe cauſas omnium locorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19168" xml:space="preserve">ratio quod alia ſint in
                <lb/>
              loco eſt a cœlo, qui locus eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19169" xml:space="preserve">uariantur uero naturæ, proprietates, mores, actiones & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19170" xml:space="preserve">ſpecies etiam eorum, qui
                <lb/>
              in eodem loco eſſe uidentur, quoniam non est in his locis pars ulla, uel minima, quæ non habeat propriam fa-
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              cultatem a uirtute ſyderum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19171" xml:space="preserve">Nam uel minimo puncto horizontis mutato, mutatur cœli facies, a qua uirtus
                <lb/>
              omnis emanat, mutatur aut borizon, uel parua terreni babitatione mutat; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19172" xml:space="preserve">ita enim ratio postulat, nam ſi
                <lb/>
              ſecundum ſenſum exiſtimetur, non omnis mutatio ſoli borizontem immutat, nam terminator ille, finitorq́;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19173" xml:space="preserve">circulus, qui ſenſui eſt manifestus, uiſum terminat ad quingenta stadia, unde fit, ut ciuitas quing entis ſtadijs
                <lb/>
              ab alia diſtans alium dicatur habere borizontem; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19174" xml:space="preserve">habet enim alium ortum, alium occaſum ſyderum ſenſili
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.288-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.288-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              temporum diſcrimine interceptum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19175" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam uero, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19176" xml:space="preserve">aduentitia quadam ratione diuerſæ locorum proprie-
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              tates accidunt, conſiderandum eſt, maris, montium, ſyluarumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19177" xml:space="preserve">proximitatem, eam facere in locis mutatio-
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              nem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19178" xml:space="preserve">Meridiana loca propè mare calidiſſima ſunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19179" xml:space="preserve">reftexu radiorum Solis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19180" xml:space="preserve">ex luminis ad littus multi-
                <lb/>
              plicatione unde loca illa arenoſa ſunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19181" xml:space="preserve">ſicca, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19182" xml:space="preserve">mare ipſum ab impetu Solis in ſalem congelatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19183" xml:space="preserve">uina
                <lb/>
              quæ ibinaſcuntur, calidiſſima ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19184" xml:space="preserve">Loca a meridie remotiora, proxima tamen ad mare, calida, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19185" xml:space="preserve">humida
                <lb/>
              fiunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19186" xml:space="preserve">cæterum quia humor excedit, peſtifera ſunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19187" xml:space="preserve">ibi tonitrua ſulgura continenter generantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19188" xml:space="preserve">Loca ſub
                <lb/>
              ſeptentrione ad mare poſita habites craſſos habent, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19189" xml:space="preserve">frigidos, non adeo peftifer a ſed nec ſalubria ſunt omni-
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              no, non ſentiunt graues æſtus, nec graues byemes, quoniam uis aeris licet craſſa ſit, non tam facile admittit
                <lb/>
              caloris uel frigoris uim. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19190" xml:space="preserve">Montes quoque ſi uicini ſint, loca immutant bumiles non tantum, ſed alti ſunt niuoſi,
                <lb/>
              quosſi ab Aquilone babeas calidiorem efficient regionem, ſi ameridie altos, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19191" xml:space="preserve">multos frigora ſenties into-
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                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.288-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.288-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
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