Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

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[151] 17 18 19 20 21 22 16 23 15 14 13 12 11 10 11 12 21 22 10 9 23 M
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[152] Q K r n r 12 11 K 2 2 @ 4 p 8 7 e t 8 9 c P 7 4 3 10 7 @ P 5 q P 6 2 8 7 q P t t 11 1 I 1 11 7 q p 2 10 q p 3 9 @ a e b 4 8 2 7 6 5 P 10 6 f P 9 3 8 4 f P 1 f P 11 10 2 a f b e 4 9 3 11 10 2 11 1 11 1 u m 12 15 @ d 12 4 5 m 3 4 5 7 8 9 d @ 2 @ 0 10 2 11 1 a 0 s 7 1 n P p 5 6 7 10 6 6 6 3 4 8 9 7 e 5 5 7 4 5 3 10 11 12 1 2 3 8 9 3 1 e H 23 10 22 24 23 22 15 16 17 18 19 21 13 14 20
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[153] Horologia in plano meridiani.6 5 4 3 2 1 7 8 9 10 11 12 u l d 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 b n n n n n 5 4 3 2 1 a c e c y n n n n n p 1 2 3 4 5 n ſ ſ 4 3 2 1 r 4 3 2 1 e 4 3 2 1 B 9 10 11 12 13 14 e H 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 e E g r 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 F g d 23 22 21 20 19 18 18 c g G d f a b e g c 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 f D e 11 10 19 18
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[154] Horologia in plano æquinoctialis.d b 5 6 7 4 8 9 3 g f k L @ m 2 10 l 8 1 11 a e b B L 1 f k m h @ z r s 1 n 11 A 2 1 10 12 3 9 11 1 4 8 10 1 2 5 6 7 b d 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 c 6 7 5 8 4 9 3 18 17 16 10 2 16 17 18 19 11 12 1 19 20 14 14 20 21 13 13 21 22 12 12 22 23 11 23 24 24 14 14 23 15 23 22 15 22 16 16 21 17 21 20 19 18 17 18 19 20
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[155] 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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[156] Instrumenta è regione poſita ſeruiunt fronti horologij ſequentis, illud uero inſerius eſt immobil-le ad aliud, & aliud ab artiſicio aquæ mouetur.B 270 A 360 stella.p.@ f 180 C 10 hircuſ@ 20 30 40 x cani ſminor* 50 60 70 80 90 C@nis Maior* D
Page: 357
[157] 6 5 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 1 11 12 T R 12 L 11 1 A f C 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6
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[Figure 158]
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[Figure 159]
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[Figure 160]
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[161] Funium nodi.
Page: 365
[162] Scala in carcheſio poſita.
Page: 365
[163] Figura aniſocyclorum.
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[164] Trochlearum ratio.
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[165] B. ergata.C. trochlea ſuperior.D. ſucula.E. tigna.F. pondus.I. forcipes.G. ſucula.H. fibula.O. chelonia.P. uectes.S. carcheſia. S H C A D E F T I B G
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[166] Trochleæ cum tympano.
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[167] F. trochleaſuperior.L. trochlea inferior artemon dicta.†. onus.A. nectis.3. onus.1. hypomochlium.2. nectis, mochlium.V. ſpbœroma, œquipondium.Q S. lances.X. lances.K. anſa. examen.8. cuneus.7. 9. uectis.10. onus.H G. vectes.M. pondus.O N. colhlea.D. pali.L. locus artemonis.C. chelonia.F. regula.B. antarijunes.E. locus ductariorum funium ubifibulæx. libra ſuffulta. E B F H G 8 C N O K D L M † 6 7 10 x 3 2 1 R V S Q
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[168] d a c b e
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[Figure 169]
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[Figure 170]
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[171] A. aqua in arca œrea depreſſa.B. delſines ærei.C. modioli.D. Regulæ ſcalari forma.E. taxilli tribus digitis alti.F. catenæ cymbala tenentes.G. inſundibulum inuerſum.H. Fiſtulæ, per quas aer modiolorum ſubintrat infundibulum.I. uectes.K. manubria, quæ aperiunt nares ad tubulos.L. pinnæ ſub quibus lingulæ omnium organorum.O. regulæ inter tabulam quæ pinax dicitur & registrum.P. pinna depreſſa.Q. tabula.R. pinnarum forma ſeparata.S. lingulæ.T. ceruicula.V. aquaexpulſa.X. pars arcæ..... foraminaper quæ aer ad canna, fertur.
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[Figure 172]
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[Figure 173]
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[Figure 174]
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div1" type="section" level="1" n="1">
          <div xml:id="echoid-div688" type="section" level="2" n="128">
            <pb o="265" file="514.01.297" n="297" rhead="OCTAVVS."/>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19840" xml:space="preserve">Tubulis testaceis minore ſumptu aqua ducitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19841" xml:space="preserve">Quæ menſura eorum, quæue forma & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19842" xml:space="preserve">modus, quo coag-
                <lb/>
              mentatur, conſiderandum eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19843" xml:space="preserve">Menſura eſt ut craßi ſint non minus digitorum duorum, longitudine mediocri,
                <lb/>
              forma, ut ſint lingulati, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19844" xml:space="preserve">ex una parte reddantur anguſti, ut palmi ſpatio unusin alterum poßit intrare,
                <lb/>
              lembellum nostri eam formam uocant; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19845" xml:space="preserve">modus, quo coagmentantur, est ut calce uiua ex oleo ſubacta illinan-
                <lb/>
              tur, calx enim e fornace in cellis uinarijs reſtinguitur, deinde oleo macerata & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19846" xml:space="preserve">ſubacta unguntur tubuli, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19847" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              etiam æneis nexibus alligabuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19848" xml:space="preserve">Sed anteq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19849" xml:space="preserve">in ijs aquæ curſus admittatur, cinis in qua extinctorum car-
                <lb/>
              bonũ reliquiæ ſuperſunt, per eos mixto exiguo liquore decurrat, ut glutinaripoßit, ſi qua ſunt uitia tubulorũ.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19850" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam uero in ea aquæ ductione etiam decurſus eſt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19851" xml:space="preserve">uenter, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19852" xml:space="preserve">expreſſus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19853" xml:space="preserve">circunductio; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19854" xml:space="preserve">maxime
                <lb/>
              aduertendum eſt in his omnibus, quo modo tubuli coagmententur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19855" xml:space="preserve">alligentur, nam tanta est aquæ uis, ut
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              niſi prouideatur, tubuli extollentur, uel diſrumpentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19856" xml:space="preserve">Tubuli igitur coagmentabuntur eo modo, quo dictum
                <lb/>
              eſt: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19857" xml:space="preserve">ſed poſtea ponderum graui accumulatione firmabuntur præſertim in decurſibus, flexibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19858" xml:space="preserve">expreßio-
                <lb/>
              nibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19859" xml:space="preserve">Id periculum ut euit arent periti, maxime in geniculis lapide rubro perforato utebantur, ita ut uideri
                <lb/>
              poßint in antiquis monumentis marmora plus duodenos pedes longa perforata ad palmi latitudinem, quæ in
                <lb/>
              decurſibus, uentre, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19860" xml:space="preserve">expreßionibus collocabantur in his ſaxis hærebant tubuli, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19861" xml:space="preserve">optime coagmentabantur
                <lb/>
              in geniculis aut uerſuris, nam & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19862" xml:space="preserve">qui nouiſſimus tubulus in decurſu, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19863" xml:space="preserve">qui primus in uentre, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19864" xml:space="preserve">ultimus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19865" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              qui primus in expreßione erat in lapidibus, qui in his omnibus locis perforati ponebantur hærentes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19866" xml:space="preserve">coag-
                <lb/>
              mentati firmißimeq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19867" xml:space="preserve">alligati, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19868" xml:space="preserve">aqua leniter & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19869" xml:space="preserve">parce a capite immittebatur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19870" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19871" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Habent</emph>
              autem tubulorum ductiones ea commoda, primum in opere, quòd ſi quod uitium fa-
                <lb/>
              ctum fuerit, quilibet id poteſt reficere: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19872" xml:space="preserve">etiamq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19873" xml:space="preserve">multo ſalubrior eſt ex tubulis aqua quam per fiſtulas,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              quod per plumbum uidetur eſſe ideo uitioſa, quòd ex eo ceruſſa naſcitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19874" xml:space="preserve">Hæc autem dicitur eſſe no
                <lb/>
              cens corporibus humanis, ita ſi quod ex eo procreatur, ideſt uitioſum, non eſt dubium quin ipſum
                <lb/>
              quoque non ſit ſalubre. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19875" xml:space="preserve">Exemplar autem ab artificibus plumbarijs poſſumus accipere, quod pallori-
                <lb/>
              bus occupatos habent corporis colores. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19876" xml:space="preserve">Namque cum fundendo plumbum flatur, uapor ex eo inſi-
                <lb/>
              dens corporis artus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19877" xml:space="preserve">in dies exurens eripit ex membris eorum ſanguinis uirtutes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19878" xml:space="preserve">Itaque mi-
                <lb/>
              nimè fiſtulis plumbeis aqua duci uidetur, ſi uolumus eam habere ſalubrem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19879" xml:space="preserve">Saporem quoque melio-
                <lb/>
              rem ex tubulis eſſe quotidianus poteſtindicare uictus, quod omnes extructas cum habeant uaſorum
                <lb/>
              argenteorum menſas, tamen propter ſaporis integritatem fictilibus utuntur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19880" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19881" xml:space="preserve">Hæc facillima ſunt, nec noſtra indigent explicatione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19882" xml:space="preserve">Modo ad reliqua.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19883" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19884" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Sin</emph>
              autem fontes non ſunt, unde ductiones aquarum faciamus, neceſſe eſt puteos fodere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19885" xml:space="preserve">In pu-
                <lb/>
              teorum autem ſoſsionibus non eſt contemnenda ratio, ſed acuminibus, ſolertiaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19886" xml:space="preserve">magna, naturales
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              rerum rationes conſiderandæ, quòd habet multa uariaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19887" xml:space="preserve">terra in ſe genera. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19888" xml:space="preserve">Eſt enim utireliquæ res
                <lb/>
              ex quatuor principijs compoſita, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19889" xml:space="preserve">primum eſt ipſa terrena, habetq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19890" xml:space="preserve">ex humore aquæ fontes, item
                <lb/>
              calores unde etiam ſulphur, alumen, bitumen naſcitur, aerisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19891" xml:space="preserve">ſpiritus immunis, qui cum graues per
                <lb/>
              interuenia fiſtuloſa terræ perueniunt ad foſsionem puteorum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19892" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19893" xml:space="preserve">ibi homines offendunt fodientes,
                <lb/>
              naturali uapore obturant in eorum naribus ſpiritus animales, ita qui non celerius inde effugiunt, ibi
                <lb/>
              interimuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19894" xml:space="preserve">Hoc autem quibus rationibus caueatur, ſic erit faciendum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19895" xml:space="preserve">Lucerna accenſa demit-
                <lb/>
              tatur, quæ ſi permanſerit ardens, ſine periculo deſcendetur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19896" xml:space="preserve">Sin autem eripietur lumen ui uaporis,
                <lb/>
              tum ſecundum puteum dextra, ac ſiniſtra defodientur æſtuaria, ita (quemadmodum pernares) ſpi-
                <lb/>
              ritus ex æſtuarijs diſsipabuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19897" xml:space="preserve">Cum bæc ſic explicata ſuerint, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19898" xml:space="preserve">ad aquam erit peruentum, tunc
                <lb/>
              puteus ita ſepiatur ſtructura ne obturentur uenæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19899" xml:space="preserve">Sin autem loca dura erunt, aut in imum uenæ pe-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              nitus non fuerint, tunc ſigninis operibus ex teſtis, aut a ſuperioribus locis excipiendæ ſunt copiæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19900" xml:space="preserve">In
                <lb/>
              ſigninis autem operibus hęc ſunt facienda, uti arena primum puriſsima aſperrimaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19901" xml:space="preserve">paretur, cæ-
                <lb/>
              mentum de ſilice frangatur, ne grauius quàm librarium, calx quam uehementiſsima mortario miſcea-
                <lb/>
              tur, ita ut quinque partes arenæ ad duas calcis reſpondeant, mortario cæmentum addatur, ex eo parie
                <lb/>
              tes in foſſa ad libramentum altitudinis futuræ depreſſa calcentur uectibus ligneis ferratis, parietibus
                <lb/>
              calcatis in medio quod erit terrenum exinaniatur ad libramentum imum parietum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19902" xml:space="preserve">exæquato ſolo
                <lb/>
              ex eodem mortario calcetur pauimentum ad craſsitudinem, quæ conſtituta fuerlt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19903" xml:space="preserve">Ea autem loca ſi
                <lb/>
              duplicia, aut triplicia facta fuerint uti percolationibus aquæ tranſmutari poſsint, multo ſalubriorem
                <lb/>
              eius uſum efficient, limus enim cum habuerit quo ſubſidar, limpidior aqua fiet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19904" xml:space="preserve">ſine odoribus con-
                <lb/>
              ſeruabit ſaporem, ſi non, ſalem addi neceſſe erit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19905" xml:space="preserve">extenuari. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19906" xml:space="preserve">Quæ potui de aquæ uirtute, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19907" xml:space="preserve">uarie-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              tate, quasq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19908" xml:space="preserve">habeat utilitates, quibus rationibus ducatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19909" xml:space="preserve">probetur in hoc uolumine poſui. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19910" xml:space="preserve">De gno-
                <lb/>
              monicis uero rebus & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19911" xml:space="preserve">horologiorum rationibusin ſequenti perſcribam.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19912" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19913" xml:space="preserve">Duplicem nobis proponit rationem Vitruuius qua aquæ inopiæ ſuccuramus, altera eſt puteorum, altera ci-
                <lb/>
              sternarum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19914" xml:space="preserve">Fit enim quandoq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19915" xml:space="preserve">ut aqua careamus, unde uel claſſem, uel exercitus aquemus, quare ingenio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19916" xml:space="preserve">in-
                <lb/>
              dustria comparandũ eſt auxiliũ in puteis maxime fodiendis, quod & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19917" xml:space="preserve">bene ſciunt metallici omnes quantum inest
                <lb/>
              periculi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19918" xml:space="preserve">a peſtifero halitu, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19919" xml:space="preserve">a ruina diruti montis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19920" xml:space="preserve">collabentium laterum, ſiue puteos, ſiue cuniculos
                <lb/>
              ducant, hoc eſt ſiue in profundum, ſiue in longum eant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19921" xml:space="preserve">Vapores igitur mali eo experimento noſcuntur & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19922" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              uitantur, quomodo dicit Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19923" xml:space="preserve">noſcuntur accenſa lucerna appoſita in eo loco ubi cauandum eſt, priuſquam
                <lb/>
              ad intima deſcendatur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19924" xml:space="preserve">nam ſi extincta non fuerit, periculum non timebis, nam uaporis leuitatem facilè ab-
                <lb/>
              ſumet ignis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19925" xml:space="preserve">ſi uero extinguetur
                <unsure/>
              , cauendus est locus, quem ſpiritus mortifer occupabit, ut ait Palladius. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19926" xml:space="preserve">Vi-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </text>
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