Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <pb o="265" file="514.01.297" n="297" rhead="OCTAVVS."/>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19840" xml:space="preserve">Tubulis testaceis minore ſumptu aqua ducitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19841" xml:space="preserve">Quæ menſura eorum, quæue forma & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19842" xml:space="preserve">modus, quo coag-
                <lb/>
              mentatur, conſiderandum eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19843" xml:space="preserve">Menſura eſt ut craßi ſint non minus digitorum duorum, longitudine mediocri,
                <lb/>
              forma, ut ſint lingulati, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19844" xml:space="preserve">ex una parte reddantur anguſti, ut palmi ſpatio unusin alterum poßit intrare,
                <lb/>
              lembellum nostri eam formam uocant; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19845" xml:space="preserve">modus, quo coagmentantur, est ut calce uiua ex oleo ſubacta illinan-
                <lb/>
              tur, calx enim e fornace in cellis uinarijs reſtinguitur, deinde oleo macerata & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19846" xml:space="preserve">ſubacta unguntur tubuli, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19847" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              etiam æneis nexibus alligabuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19848" xml:space="preserve">Sed anteq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19849" xml:space="preserve">in ijs aquæ curſus admittatur, cinis in qua extinctorum car-
                <lb/>
              bonũ reliquiæ ſuperſunt, per eos mixto exiguo liquore decurrat, ut glutinaripoßit, ſi qua ſunt uitia tubulorũ.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19850" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam uero in ea aquæ ductione etiam decurſus eſt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19851" xml:space="preserve">uenter, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19852" xml:space="preserve">expreſſus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19853" xml:space="preserve">circunductio; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19854" xml:space="preserve">maxime
                <lb/>
              aduertendum eſt in his omnibus, quo modo tubuli coagmententur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19855" xml:space="preserve">alligentur, nam tanta est aquæ uis, ut
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              niſi prouideatur, tubuli extollentur, uel diſrumpentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19856" xml:space="preserve">Tubuli igitur coagmentabuntur eo modo, quo dictum
                <lb/>
              eſt: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19857" xml:space="preserve">ſed poſtea ponderum graui accumulatione firmabuntur præſertim in decurſibus, flexibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19858" xml:space="preserve">expreßio-
                <lb/>
              nibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19859" xml:space="preserve">Id periculum ut euit arent periti, maxime in geniculis lapide rubro perforato utebantur, ita ut uideri
                <lb/>
              poßint in antiquis monumentis marmora plus duodenos pedes longa perforata ad palmi latitudinem, quæ in
                <lb/>
              decurſibus, uentre, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19860" xml:space="preserve">expreßionibus collocabantur in his ſaxis hærebant tubuli, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19861" xml:space="preserve">optime coagmentabantur
                <lb/>
              in geniculis aut uerſuris, nam & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19862" xml:space="preserve">qui nouiſſimus tubulus in decurſu, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19863" xml:space="preserve">qui primus in uentre, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19864" xml:space="preserve">ultimus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19865" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              qui primus in expreßione erat in lapidibus, qui in his omnibus locis perforati ponebantur hærentes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19866" xml:space="preserve">coag-
                <lb/>
              mentati firmißimeq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19867" xml:space="preserve">alligati, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19868" xml:space="preserve">aqua leniter & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19869" xml:space="preserve">parce a capite immittebatur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19870" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19871" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Habent</emph>
              autem tubulorum ductiones ea commoda, primum in opere, quòd ſi quod uitium fa-
                <lb/>
              ctum fuerit, quilibet id poteſt reficere: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19872" xml:space="preserve">etiamq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19873" xml:space="preserve">multo ſalubrior eſt ex tubulis aqua quam per fiſtulas,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              quod per plumbum uidetur eſſe ideo uitioſa, quòd ex eo ceruſſa naſcitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19874" xml:space="preserve">Hæc autem dicitur eſſe no
                <lb/>
              cens corporibus humanis, ita ſi quod ex eo procreatur, ideſt uitioſum, non eſt dubium quin ipſum
                <lb/>
              quoque non ſit ſalubre. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19875" xml:space="preserve">Exemplar autem ab artificibus plumbarijs poſſumus accipere, quod pallori-
                <lb/>
              bus occupatos habent corporis colores. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19876" xml:space="preserve">Namque cum fundendo plumbum flatur, uapor ex eo inſi-
                <lb/>
              dens corporis artus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19877" xml:space="preserve">in dies exurens eripit ex membris eorum ſanguinis uirtutes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19878" xml:space="preserve">Itaque mi-
                <lb/>
              nimè fiſtulis plumbeis aqua duci uidetur, ſi uolumus eam habere ſalubrem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19879" xml:space="preserve">Saporem quoque melio-
                <lb/>
              rem ex tubulis eſſe quotidianus poteſtindicare uictus, quod omnes extructas cum habeant uaſorum
                <lb/>
              argenteorum menſas, tamen propter ſaporis integritatem fictilibus utuntur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19880" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19881" xml:space="preserve">Hæc facillima ſunt, nec noſtra indigent explicatione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19882" xml:space="preserve">Modo ad reliqua.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19883" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19884" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Sin</emph>
              autem fontes non ſunt, unde ductiones aquarum faciamus, neceſſe eſt puteos fodere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19885" xml:space="preserve">In pu-
                <lb/>
              teorum autem ſoſsionibus non eſt contemnenda ratio, ſed acuminibus, ſolertiaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19886" xml:space="preserve">magna, naturales
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              rerum rationes conſiderandæ, quòd habet multa uariaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19887" xml:space="preserve">terra in ſe genera. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19888" xml:space="preserve">Eſt enim utireliquæ res
                <lb/>
              ex quatuor principijs compoſita, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19889" xml:space="preserve">primum eſt ipſa terrena, habetq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19890" xml:space="preserve">ex humore aquæ fontes, item
                <lb/>
              calores unde etiam ſulphur, alumen, bitumen naſcitur, aerisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19891" xml:space="preserve">ſpiritus immunis, qui cum graues per
                <lb/>
              interuenia fiſtuloſa terræ perueniunt ad foſsionem puteorum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19892" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19893" xml:space="preserve">ibi homines offendunt fodientes,
                <lb/>
              naturali uapore obturant in eorum naribus ſpiritus animales, ita qui non celerius inde effugiunt, ibi
                <lb/>
              interimuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19894" xml:space="preserve">Hoc autem quibus rationibus caueatur, ſic erit faciendum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19895" xml:space="preserve">Lucerna accenſa demit-
                <lb/>
              tatur, quæ ſi permanſerit ardens, ſine periculo deſcendetur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19896" xml:space="preserve">Sin autem eripietur lumen ui uaporis,
                <lb/>
              tum ſecundum puteum dextra, ac ſiniſtra defodientur æſtuaria, ita (quemadmodum pernares) ſpi-
                <lb/>
              ritus ex æſtuarijs diſsipabuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19897" xml:space="preserve">Cum bæc ſic explicata ſuerint, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19898" xml:space="preserve">ad aquam erit peruentum, tunc
                <lb/>
              puteus ita ſepiatur ſtructura ne obturentur uenæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19899" xml:space="preserve">Sin autem loca dura erunt, aut in imum uenæ pe-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              nitus non fuerint, tunc ſigninis operibus ex teſtis, aut a ſuperioribus locis excipiendæ ſunt copiæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19900" xml:space="preserve">In
                <lb/>
              ſigninis autem operibus hęc ſunt facienda, uti arena primum puriſsima aſperrimaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19901" xml:space="preserve">paretur, cæ-
                <lb/>
              mentum de ſilice frangatur, ne grauius quàm librarium, calx quam uehementiſsima mortario miſcea-
                <lb/>
              tur, ita ut quinque partes arenæ ad duas calcis reſpondeant, mortario cæmentum addatur, ex eo parie
                <lb/>
              tes in foſſa ad libramentum altitudinis futuræ depreſſa calcentur uectibus ligneis ferratis, parietibus
                <lb/>
              calcatis in medio quod erit terrenum exinaniatur ad libramentum imum parietum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19902" xml:space="preserve">exæquato ſolo
                <lb/>
              ex eodem mortario calcetur pauimentum ad craſsitudinem, quæ conſtituta fuerlt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19903" xml:space="preserve">Ea autem loca ſi
                <lb/>
              duplicia, aut triplicia facta fuerint uti percolationibus aquæ tranſmutari poſsint, multo ſalubriorem
                <lb/>
              eius uſum efficient, limus enim cum habuerit quo ſubſidar, limpidior aqua fiet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19904" xml:space="preserve">ſine odoribus con-
                <lb/>
              ſeruabit ſaporem, ſi non, ſalem addi neceſſe erit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19905" xml:space="preserve">extenuari. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19906" xml:space="preserve">Quæ potui de aquæ uirtute, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19907" xml:space="preserve">uarie-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              tate, quasq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19908" xml:space="preserve">habeat utilitates, quibus rationibus ducatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19909" xml:space="preserve">probetur in hoc uolumine poſui. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19910" xml:space="preserve">De gno-
                <lb/>
              monicis uero rebus & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19911" xml:space="preserve">horologiorum rationibusin ſequenti perſcribam.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19912" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19913" xml:space="preserve">Duplicem nobis proponit rationem Vitruuius qua aquæ inopiæ ſuccuramus, altera eſt puteorum, altera ci-
                <lb/>
              sternarum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19914" xml:space="preserve">Fit enim quandoq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19915" xml:space="preserve">ut aqua careamus, unde uel claſſem, uel exercitus aquemus, quare ingenio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19916" xml:space="preserve">in-
                <lb/>
              dustria comparandũ eſt auxiliũ in puteis maxime fodiendis, quod & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19917" xml:space="preserve">bene ſciunt metallici omnes quantum inest
                <lb/>
              periculi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19918" xml:space="preserve">a peſtifero halitu, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19919" xml:space="preserve">a ruina diruti montis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19920" xml:space="preserve">collabentium laterum, ſiue puteos, ſiue cuniculos
                <lb/>
              ducant, hoc eſt ſiue in profundum, ſiue in longum eant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19921" xml:space="preserve">Vapores igitur mali eo experimento noſcuntur & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19922" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              uitantur, quomodo dicit Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19923" xml:space="preserve">noſcuntur accenſa lucerna appoſita in eo loco ubi cauandum eſt, priuſquam
                <lb/>
              ad intima deſcendatur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19924" xml:space="preserve">nam ſi extincta non fuerit, periculum non timebis, nam uaporis leuitatem facilè ab-
                <lb/>
              ſumet ignis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19925" xml:space="preserve">ſi uero extinguetur
                <unsure/>
              , cauendus est locus, quem ſpiritus mortifer occupabit, ut ait Palladius. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19926" xml:space="preserve">Vi-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.297-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.297-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
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