Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div723" type="section" level="2" n="136">
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21557" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="284" file="514.01.316" n="316" rhead="LIBER"/>
              autem natur a ille ſtellæ conſtant, obſeruatores tamen ita cas diuiſere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21558" xml:space="preserve">Duodecim igitur ſigna duodecim menſi-
                <lb/>
              bus tribuuntur, quodlibet triginta gradus occupat, ideo annus, 360, diebus conſtat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21559" xml:space="preserve">eo amplius, quo mo-
                <lb/>
              tu obliquo Solpræterit in uerſatione contrarij motus, ut infra declarabo.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21560" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21561" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Itaqve</emph>
              lucentia cum mundo, reliquoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21562" xml:space="preserve">ſyderum ornatu circum terram, mareq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21563" xml:space="preserve">peruolantia, cur
                <lb/>
              ſus perſiciunt ad cœli rotunditatem, omnia autem uiſitata, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21564" xml:space="preserve">uiſitata temporum neceſsitudine
                <lb/>
              ſunt conſtituta, ex quibus ſex ſigna numero ſupra terram cum cœlo peruagantur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21565" xml:space="preserve">cætera ſub terram
                <lb/>
              ſubeuntia ab eius umbra obſcurantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21566" xml:space="preserve">Sex autem ex his ſemper ſupra terram nituntur, quanta pars
                <lb/>
              enim nouiſsimi ſigni depreſsione coacta uerſatione ſubiens ſub terram occultatur, tantundem eius
                <lb/>
              contrariæ uerſationis neceſsitate ſuppreſſa, rotatione circumacta trans ex locis non patentibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21567" xml:space="preserve">ob-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.316-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.316-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              ſcuris egreditur ad lucem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21568" xml:space="preserve">Nanque uis una, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21569" xml:space="preserve">neceſsitas utrunque ſimul orientem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21570" xml:space="preserve">occiden-
                <lb/>
              tem perſicit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21571" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21572" xml:space="preserve">Duo ſunt cœlorum motus experimento cogniti, alter quo ab ortu in occaſum feruntur, quemadmodũ quo-
                <lb/>
              tidiana uerſatione Solem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21573" xml:space="preserve">Stellas oriri, ad medium conſurgere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21574" xml:space="preserve">per occaſum rurſus ſub terra media ad or
                <lb/>
              tũ ferri uidemus, qui motus primus, et diurnus nominatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21575" xml:space="preserve">ſupra ipſum uero nihil est, quod ſit ſenſibus ſubiectũ,
                <lb/>
              ſpatio autem horarum uigintiquatuor uniuer ſum orbem ambit, diemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21576" xml:space="preserve">natur alem conſtituit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21577" xml:space="preserve">De hoc motu ue-
                <lb/>
              lociſſimo hactenus loquutus est Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21578" xml:space="preserve">dixitq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21579" xml:space="preserve">per eum ſex ſigna ſemper ſupra, ſex uero infra horizontem ferri,
                <lb/>
              quod & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21580" xml:space="preserve">uerum eſt, nam in quocunque horizonte ſis, ſemper dimidium ſigniferi ſupra terram habes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21581" xml:space="preserve">dimi-
                <lb/>
              dium infra. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21582" xml:space="preserve">cumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21583" xml:space="preserve">ſignifer ſit unus e maioribus ſphæræ circulis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21584" xml:space="preserve">duodecim ſignis ſit conformatus, e quibus
                <lb/>
              ſex dimidium eius circuli occupant, neceſſario ſemper ſupra terram ſex ſigna erunt, ſex uerò infra deliteſcunt,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21585" xml:space="preserve">quantum ex uno oritur, tantum ex altero deprimitur ſub occaſum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21586" xml:space="preserve">Alter motus eſt de quo infra ratiocia
                <lb/>
              natur Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21587" xml:space="preserve">hunc in modum.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21588" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21589" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Ea</emph>
              autem ſigna cum ſint numero duodecim, partesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21590" xml:space="preserve">duodecimas ſingula poſsideant mundi, uer-
                <lb/>
              ſenturq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21591" xml:space="preserve">ab oriente in occidentem continenter, tunc per ea ſigna contrario curſu Luna, Stella Mer-
                <lb/>
              curij, Veneris, ipſe Sol, itemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21592" xml:space="preserve">Martis, Iouis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21593" xml:space="preserve">Saturni, ut per graduum aſcenſionem percurrentes
                <lb/>
              alius alia circuitionis magnitudine ab occidente in orientem in mundo peruagantur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21594" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21595" xml:space="preserve">Declaranda ſunt hæc, quæ breuiſſime a Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21596" xml:space="preserve">ponuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21597" xml:space="preserve">Ait enim ſigna eſſe duodecim, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21598" xml:space="preserve">ſingula occupa-
                <lb/>
              re duodecimam cœli partem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21599" xml:space="preserve">omnia ab ortuin occaſum ferri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21600" xml:space="preserve">planetas contrario motu per ea ſigna
                <lb/>
              ſcandentes ab occaſu in ortum moueri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21601" xml:space="preserve">demum differentes eſſe eorum circuitiones. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21602" xml:space="preserve">Primum igitur ſi-
                <lb/>
              gna duodena ſunt, quorum nomina hæc habentur, Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpius,
                <lb/>
              Sagittarius, Caper, Aquarius, Piſces. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21603" xml:space="preserve">Numerantur ſigna ab eo ſegmento, quod ecliptica facit in equino-
                <lb/>
              ctiali, nam cum circulo neque principium ſit, neque finis ullus natura habeatur, rationi conſentaneum est,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.316-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.316-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              ut initium ab ea parte ſumatur, quæ communis eſt ortui, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21604" xml:space="preserve">occaſui locorum omnium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21605" xml:space="preserve">in qua cum ſit Sol,
                <lb/>
              arcus diei maior fieri incipit arcu noctis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21606" xml:space="preserve">Signorum nomina ſumpta ſunt ab animali, aut re aliqua, quatenus
                <lb/>
              Sol ſub ea ſigna ſubiens, efficit in hæc inferiora affectiones ſimiles ijs animalibus, uel rebus, a quibus nomina
                <lb/>
              illis impoſita ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21607" xml:space="preserve">Aries cornibus duobus deſignantur hoc modo ♈, Taurus etiam ſimiliter duo cornua re-
                <lb/>
              fert ♉, Gemini duo iuncti tractus exprimunt ♊ Castora, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21608" xml:space="preserve">Pollucem dicunt eſſe. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21609" xml:space="preserve">Cancer oppoſitis
                <lb/>
              oculis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21610" xml:space="preserve">prominentibus deſcribitur ♋, Leo cauda patet ♌, Virgo ex fibula ueſtis ♍, Libra ſua for-
                <lb/>
              ma innoteſcit ♎, quemadmodum Scorpius articulo ♏, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21611" xml:space="preserve">Sagittarius telo ♐. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21612" xml:space="preserve">Caper uero genu alli-
                <lb/>
              gatum habet ♑. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21613" xml:space="preserve">Aquarius fluxu oſtenditur ♒. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21614" xml:space="preserve">Piſces dorſo ſe communi uinculo tenent ♓. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21615" xml:space="preserve">Hæc de
                <lb/>
              ſignis, eorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21616" xml:space="preserve">numero, nominibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21617" xml:space="preserve">caracteribus dicta ſint. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21618" xml:space="preserve">Quod uero ſingula duodecimam cœli partem
                <lb/>
              occupent, uidetur ex eo, quod triginta dierum ſpatio Sol uni ſigno uidetur ſubijci, quaſi triginta partibus ſi-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.316-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.316-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              gnum conſtet, quas gradus noſtri appellant, quoniam per eas partes, tanquam per gradus aſcendit Sol, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21619" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              deſcendit, unde etiam Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21620" xml:space="preserve">dixit {vt per graduum aſcenſionem percurrentes.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21621" xml:space="preserve">} Signifer ergo est partium
                <lb/>
              360. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21622" xml:space="preserve">quoniam ſi ducas 30. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21623" xml:space="preserve">in
                <emph style="sc">I2.</emph>
              colliges 360. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21624" xml:space="preserve">qui numerus ob maximam diuidendi commoditatem
                <lb/>
              aſſumptus est, ac parum a ſumma dierum totius anni uidetur abeſſe. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21625" xml:space="preserve">Commoditas item numeri ſexagenarij
                <lb/>
              eſfecit, ut is numerus caperetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21626" xml:space="preserve">nam 60. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21627" xml:space="preserve">habet dimid ium, tertiam, quartam, quintam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21628" xml:space="preserve">ſextam partem,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21629" xml:space="preserve">circulus omnis facile in ſex partes diuiditur, quoniam eadem diductione circini, qua circulus diuiditur,
                <lb/>
              cadem inquam in ſex partes diuiditur, ideo circinum noſtri ſextam uocare ſolent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21630" xml:space="preserve">Cæterum tertia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21631" xml:space="preserve">quar-
                <lb/>
              ta concluſio erat, omnes planetas per ea ſigna uagantes ab occaſu in ortum moueri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21632" xml:space="preserve">id facere contrario
                <lb/>
              curſu. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21633" xml:space="preserve">Hæc longo uſu, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21634" xml:space="preserve">experientia cognita ſunt, nam quemadmodum continuam uerſationem ab ortu in
                <lb/>
              occaſum experimento cognoſcimus, quæ omnibus orbibus cõmunis eſt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21635" xml:space="preserve">iuxta ordinem illum non ſolum cœ-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.316-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.316-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              leſtes orbes, ſed etiam elementa, quæ rariora ſunt, in orbem feruntur, ita & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21636" xml:space="preserve">ſecunda, aduerſaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21637" xml:space="preserve">motio perſpe-
                <lb/>
              cta est, dum rerum indagatores obſeruarunt ortus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21638" xml:space="preserve">occaſus stellarum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21639" xml:space="preserve">Solis motiones. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21640" xml:space="preserve">Nam uiderunt
                <lb/>
              Solem & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21641" xml:space="preserve">ſydera in orbe meridiano modo ſublimia, modo depreſſa, interim in una, interim in alia parte orien-
                <lb/>
              tia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21642" xml:space="preserve">cadentia, unde axes alios, cardinesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21643" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21644" xml:space="preserve">motus excogitarunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21645" xml:space="preserve">Videntes etiam ſtellas orbibus hæ ren-
                <lb/>
              tes, quas infixas dicunt, eodem ſemper inter ſe ſpatio diſtantes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21646" xml:space="preserve">unam atque alteram, quæ lucentior, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21647" xml:space="preserve">ma
                <lb/>
              ior eſſet, obſeruantes, ex ea collegerunt ſeptem err antia ſydera ſucceßione quadam in orientem ferri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21648" xml:space="preserve">pro-
                <lb/>
              cedente tempore eandem hæ rentem stellam quaſi comitantia cernentes, ab eaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21649" xml:space="preserve">digredientia, iterum cum ea
                <lb/>
              iungi, idq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21650" xml:space="preserve">in Luna, quæ proxima terris, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21651" xml:space="preserve">quam citiſſima eſt, præ cipue obſeruantes, ſecundum motum inue-
                <lb/>
              nere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21652" xml:space="preserve">etiam metiti ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21653" xml:space="preserve">Inuenere inquam ex unica cbſeruatione, metiti autem ſunt ex pluribus, nam ob-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.316-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.316-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
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