Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

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[161] Funium nodi.
Page: 365
[162] Scala in carcheſio poſita.
Page: 365
[163] Figura aniſocyclorum.
Page: 366
[164] Trochlearum ratio.
Page: 368
[165] B. ergata.C. trochlea ſuperior.D. ſucula.E. tigna.F. pondus.I. forcipes.G. ſucula.H. fibula.O. chelonia.P. uectes.S. carcheſia. S H C A D E F T I B G
Page: 368
[166] Trochleæ cum tympano.
Page: 370
[167] F. trochleaſuperior.L. trochlea inferior artemon dicta.†. onus.A. nectis.3. onus.1. hypomochlium.2. nectis, mochlium.V. ſpbœroma, œquipondium.Q S. lances.X. lances.K. anſa. examen.8. cuneus.7. 9. uectis.10. onus.H G. vectes.M. pondus.O N. colhlea.D. pali.L. locus artemonis.C. chelonia.F. regula.B. antarijunes.E. locus ductariorum funium ubifibulæx. libra ſuffulta. E B F H G 8 C N O K D L M † 6 7 10 x 3 2 1 R V S Q
Page: 371
[168] d a c b e
Page: 376
[Figure 169]
Page: 380
[Figure 170]
Page: 381
[171] A. aqua in arca œrea depreſſa.B. delſines ærei.C. modioli.D. Regulæ ſcalari forma.E. taxilli tribus digitis alti.F. catenæ cymbala tenentes.G. inſundibulum inuerſum.H. Fiſtulæ, per quas aer modiolorum ſubintrat infundibulum.I. uectes.K. manubria, quæ aperiunt nares ad tubulos.L. pinnæ ſub quibus lingulæ omnium organorum.O. regulæ inter tabulam quæ pinax dicitur & registrum.P. pinna depreſſa.Q. tabula.R. pinnarum forma ſeparata.S. lingulæ.T. ceruicula.V. aquaexpulſa.X. pars arcæ..... foraminaper quæ aer ad canna, fertur.
Page: 383
[Figure 172]
Page: 385
[Figure 173]
Page: 407
[Figure 174]
Page: 408
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              <s xml:id="echoid-s21854" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="288" file="514.01.320" n="320" rhead="LIBER"/>
              conſentaneum eſt mediam longitudinem tan to minorem eſſe maiori, quanto ipſa est maior minori. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21855" xml:space="preserve">Ex his be-
                <lb/>
              te conſideratis elicitur ſignum omne inuentum tam in eccentrico, quàm in epicyclo in circinatione, quo remo-
                <lb/>
              ius a maiori longitudine aberit, eo centro terræ propinquius futurum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21856" xml:space="preserve">ſigna, quæ æqualiter a iugo abe-
                <lb/>
              runt, æque etiam a terræ centro aberunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21857" xml:space="preserve">Ex his omnis apparens motuum diuerſitas conſideratur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21858" xml:space="preserve">immo his
                <lb/>
              obſeruationibus ſeruatur eorum, quæ uidentur, diuerſitas. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21859" xml:space="preserve">ideo quàm cautiſſimè ea uocabula ſunt perpen-
                <lb/>
              denda, quoniam ad id inuenta ſunt, ut eo, quo poſſumus modo, cœleſtes res, earumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21860" xml:space="preserve">motiones declaremus:
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21861" xml:space="preserve">quoniam neque epicyclum, nec iugum, nec deferens, nec aliud quippiam in cœlo inuenimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21862" xml:space="preserve">Videamus ergo
                <lb/>
              qua ratione motuum diuerſitas deprebendatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21863" xml:space="preserve">Statuatur ſydus moueri, atque a ſuo eccentrico ſine medio
                <lb/>
              deferri, licet æquabiliter ſuper ſuo centro moueatur, tamen tenorem ſuum mutare uidebitur ſigno quolibet in
                <lb/>
              circinatione mutato, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21864" xml:space="preserve">ad centrum mundi uariam rationem habebit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21865" xml:space="preserve">Ratio hæc optica inſpectione ſeruatur
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.320-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.320-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              nam licet multa æquabili celeritate moueantur, tamen quæ longius abſunt, minus celeriter moueri uidentur,
                <lb/>
              quàm proxima. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21866" xml:space="preserve">Quare cum ſyderum obſeruatores cognouerint Solem in diuerſis ſigniferi partibus, diuerſis
                <lb/>
              modis moueri, cum uellent diuerſitatem huiuſmodi ſeruare, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21867" xml:space="preserve">nollent tam diuino corpori tantam inæquabi-
                <lb/>
              litatem tribuere, plures orbes commenti ſunt, quorum centra non eſſent eodem loco, in quo centrum mundi
                <lb/>
              collocatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21868" xml:space="preserve">Accidit igitur tardiorem uideri ſyderis motum cum in iugo eſt, quàm alio in loco circinationis a iu-
                <lb/>
              go remoto. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21869" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam in iugo longiſſime abeſt ab orbis medio centro. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21870" xml:space="preserve">Est & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21871" xml:space="preserve">alia in motu diuerſitas: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21872" xml:space="preserve">nam ſi
                <lb/>
              ſydus ab epicyclo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21873" xml:space="preserve">epicyclus a concentrico feratur, non propterea ceſſaret diuerſitas, quoniam ſydus ab
                <lb/>
              utroque in orientem delatum celerius moueri uideretur, quàm ſi a concentrico ſolo ferretur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21874" xml:space="preserve">in epicyclo aut
                <lb/>
              ſtationem, aut regreſſum faceret. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21875" xml:space="preserve">nam in contactu earum linearum, quæ a centro ducuntur ad epicyclum, uide
                <lb/>
              tur ſydus quatenus ad epicycli motum pertinet, uidetnr inquam ſtare, ſed in altero circinationis dimidio pro-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.320-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.320-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              gredi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21876" xml:space="preserve">in altero regredi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21877" xml:space="preserve">Ecce exemplum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21878" xml:space="preserve">Currat equus circa maximi circuli ambitum, currentem equum
                <lb/>
              cernat aliquis extra longiſſime ab eo circulo abſens, certe ſiet ut interim uelox, interim tardus, nonnunquã etiã
                <lb/>
              immotus uideatur, ſiet etiam vt interdum progredi, aliàs regredi iudicetur, quamuis æquabili curſu moueatur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21879" xml:space="preserve">hoc autem accidit a circuli natura, quæ (ut ait Ariſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21880" xml:space="preserve">in mechan.) </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21881" xml:space="preserve">contrariijs constat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21882" xml:space="preserve">Ita ſydus in arcu ſu-
                <lb/>
              periori in earum linearum contactu firmum uidebitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21883" xml:space="preserve">immotum nobis, qui in imo longe abſentes mora-
                <lb/>
              mur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21884" xml:space="preserve">Sed in loco ſummo ingo oppoſito uelociſſime moueri cenſebitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21885" xml:space="preserve">in ſummo iugo interdum tardius ui-
                <lb/>
              debitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21886" xml:space="preserve">Sed in arcu ſuperno epicycli poſt contactum earum linearum, Sol ſi epicyclum haberet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21887" xml:space="preserve">Luna ab
                <lb/>
              oriente in occidentem defererntur, ſed in arcu inferno a deferente ducerentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21888" xml:space="preserve">Sed alia ſydera contrarios ha-
                <lb/>
              bent motus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21889" xml:space="preserve">hinc eſt, quod eorum motus duplici motione conſtat, quarum una eſt epicycli, altera deferentis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21890" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              quod perinde eſt, ac ſi quis a trireme ulterius ducatur, ipſe interim per foros obambularet, unde ſi utraque mo
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.320-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.320-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              tio ſit orientem uerſus, tunc ſydus duplici motione perlatum uelocius mouebitur, quod non ſecus eſt, ac ſi
                <lb/>
              quis ulterius a trireme delatus, ipſe quoque a puppi ad proram deambulando perueniret. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21891" xml:space="preserve">Verum ſi planeta
                <lb/>
              contraria latione æquabiliter ſeratur, ita ut quantum una latione progrediatur, tantundem altera regredia-
                <lb/>
              tur, certe ſtare uidebitur, ac ſi quis tantum a prora ad puppim ambularet, quantum ulterius a trireme dela-
                <lb/>
              tus eſſet, ſed ſi inæquales ſunt motiones, celerior uincet: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21892" xml:space="preserve">unde ſi deferentis motio celerior erit quàm epicycli,
                <lb/>
              ſydus in orientem ferretur, ſi ab epicyclo celerius ducetur, in occidentem delabetur & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21893" xml:space="preserve">hac ratione regrediens
                <lb/>
              dicetur, ac ſi quis minus regrederetur quàm a trireme ultra delatus foret, uidebitur certe progredi, ſed ſi plus
                <lb/>
              innitatur curſui, regredi uidebitur, unde status & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21894" xml:space="preserve">regreſſus quinque ſyderibus aduenit in arcu inſeriori epi-
                <lb/>
              cycli, quoniam his locis ab epicylo contra deferentis lationem feruntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21895" xml:space="preserve">Accidit autem aliquibus in locis
                <lb/>
              epicycli motionem parem eſſe, aliqutbus uero uelociorem motione deferentis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21896" xml:space="preserve">Sed Soli & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21897" xml:space="preserve">Lunæ ſtatus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21898" xml:space="preserve">re-
                <lb/>
              greſſus eueniret in arcu ſupremo epicycli, nam eo loco epicyclus contra deferentem nititur, ſed quoniam nec
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.320-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.320-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              eum uincit, nec illi par eſt, ideo Soli, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21899" xml:space="preserve">Lunæ, neque ſtatus, neque regreßus dari ſolet, quod & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21900" xml:space="preserve">Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21901" xml:space="preserve">innuit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21902" xml:space="preserve">Soli
                <lb/>
              igitur aut deferens extra centrum, aut epicyclus cum concentrico dabitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21903" xml:space="preserve">nam ſi Sol in cireinatione ſuperna
                <lb/>
              ab oriente, in occidentem fertur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21904" xml:space="preserve">ſi motio epicycli tam ſimilis ſit motioni eccentrici, quàm concentrici, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21905" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              præterea eadem ſit ratio diametri eccentrici ad diametrum concentrici, quæ eſt interualli centrorum ad ſemi-
                <lb/>
              diametrum epicycli, utrum poſueris, conſequetur idem motionis aſpectus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21906" xml:space="preserve">Sed quoniam eccentrici modus uni-
                <lb/>
              ca motione contentus eſt, ideo magis adſcitus eſt, quàm modus epicycli. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21907" xml:space="preserve">Qua uero ratione centrorum inter-
                <lb/>
              ualli, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21908" xml:space="preserve">iugi locus deprehenſus eſt, dicam breuiter. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21909" xml:space="preserve">Quatuor præcipuas partes tanquam puncta in ſignifero
                <lb/>
              ſumpſere, duas equinoctijs, duas ſolſtitijs dedere medijs: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21910" xml:space="preserve">a motionum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21911" xml:space="preserve">temporum interuallis, centrorum
                <lb/>
              ſpatium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21912" xml:space="preserve">iugi locum percepere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21913" xml:space="preserve">Imaginemur lineas duas, ducatur altera a centro deferentis Solis ad Solis
                <lb/>
              centrum, altera æque diſtans ab orbis centro ad ſigniferum, quæ linea medij motus appellatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21914" xml:space="preserve">certum eſt has
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.320-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.320-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              duas lineas eundem tenorem ſeruaturas, dum in orbem uoluentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21915" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam linea ueri motus est ea, quæ a
                <lb/>
              centro vniuerſi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21916" xml:space="preserve">Solis centrum uſque ad ſigniferum pertingit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21917" xml:space="preserve">arcus interceptus inter lineam ueri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21918" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              lineam medij motus æquatio Solis dicitur, quæ & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21919" xml:space="preserve">in iugo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21920" xml:space="preserve">in antiiugo nulla est, utraque enim linea in
                <lb/>
              unam coit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21921" xml:space="preserve">ſed in medijs longitudinibus maxima est proportione, ſed in ſignis æque a iugo distantibus æ-
                <lb/>
              quationes æquabiles ſunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21922" xml:space="preserve">tanto maiores, quanto longitudini mediæ uiciniores habentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21923" xml:space="preserve">Medius ergo
                <lb/>
              motus ab Arietis initio iuxta ſignorum ordinem uſque ad lineam medij motus progreditur, quemadmodum
                <lb/>
              ex eodem loco, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21924" xml:space="preserve">uerus motus uſque ad lineam ueri motus defertur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21925" xml:space="preserve">unde Solis argumentum, est ſigniferi ar-
                <lb/>
              cus interceptus inter lineam iugi eccentrici iuxta ſignorum ordinem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21926" xml:space="preserve">lineam medij motus, atque ita nomi-
                <lb/>
              natur, quoniam argumentamur ab eo æquationis angulum, quod est, cum in ſemicirculo inferiori linea medij
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.320-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.320-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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