Vitruvius Pollio, I dieci libri dell?architettura, 1567

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                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.007305">
                    <pb pagenum="394" xlink:href="045/01/408.jpg"/>
                  rona. </s>
                  <s id="s.007306">ma nel cerchio Settentrionale poſte ſono le due Orſe. </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.007307">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Dapoi che Vitr. ci ha ragionato di quelle stelle, & di quelle imagini, che ſono tra il Tropico,
                    <lb/>
                  & il circolo Settentrionale, egli entra a quelle, che ſono dentro del circolo Settentrionale, &
                    <lb/>
                  questo fa ſeparatamente perche quelle parti ſono piu neceſſarie da eſſer conoſciute, perche a com
                    <lb/>
                  modi humani piu opportune ſi ueggono. </s>
                  <s id="s.007308">Deſcriue adunque partitamente il circolo Settentriona­
                    <lb/>
                  le, la figura, & la collocatione dell'Orſa, & del Dracone, che la cigne, & dice.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.007309">Nel circolo Settentrionale ſono poſte le due Orſe, che ſi uoltano le ſpalle, & hanno i
                    <lb/>
                  petti riuolti in altra parte. </s>
                  <s id="s.007310">la minore Cinoſura, la maggiore Helice è detta dai Greci;
                    <lb/>
                  Guardano amendue allo in giu, & la coda dell'una, è uolta uerſo il capo dell'altra; per­
                    <lb/>
                  cioche i capi dell'una, & dell'altra dalla cima loro uſcendo per le code ſoprauanzandoſi
                    <lb/>
                  tra quelli, è ſteſo il Serpente, o Dracone, che ſi dichi. </s>
                  <s id="s.007311">Dal fine del quale è la ſtella lumino­
                    <lb/>
                  ſa, quella, che ſi chiama il polo, che è d'intorno al capo dell'Orſa maggiore. </s>
                  <s id="s.007312">perche quel­
                    <lb/>
                  la, che è uicina al Dracone ſi uolge d'intorno al ſuo capo. </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.007313">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Qui ſi uede lo errore di molti, che hanno dipinto l'Orſe, & il Dracone, perche la figura del
                    <lb/>
                  Dracone, non è di quella maniera contorta, come ſi dipigne. </s>
                  <s id="s.007314">& quelli, che l'hanno oſſeruato con
                    <lb/>
                  diligenza, non hanno trouato, che le stelle apparino nel cielo, nel modo, che ſono dipinte, nè l'or
                    <lb/>
                  ſa maggiore appreſſo la testa del Dracone, nè la minore appreſſo la coda. </s>
                  <s id="s.007315">ma per lo contrario la
                    <lb/>
                  maggiore è appreſſo la coda, & la minore è appreſſo le ſpire, come Arato ci dimostra, dicendo.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.007316">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Qui fan di Gioue le notrici chiaro
                    <lb/>
                  Helice & Cinoſura, quella Greci
                    <lb/>
                  Guida per l'alto mar, queſta Fenici. </s>
                  <s id="s.007317">
                    <lb/>
                  Helice è tutta chiara, & haſue ſtelle
                    <lb/>
                  Di maggior lume, & digrandezza adorna. </s>
                  <s id="s.007318">
                    <lb/>
                  Et quando il Sol nell'ocean' s'aſconde
                    <lb/>
                  Quella di ſette fiamme adorna ſplende,
                    <lb/>
                  Ma a marinari è piu fedel quell'altra,
                    <lb/>
                  Percioche tutta in breue giro accolta
                    <lb/>
                  Al fido polo ſi riuolge, & mai
                    <lb/>
                  (Purche ueduta ſia) non ſi ritroua
                    <lb/>
                  Alle naui de' Sidoni fallace.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.007319">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Tra queſte a guiſa di ſpezzato lume
                    <lb/>
                  Il fiero Drago ſi tramette, e uolge
                    <lb/>
                  Et quinci, & quindi l'un & l'altra auanza
                    <lb/>
                  Helice con la coda, & poi torcendo. </s>
                  <s id="s.007320">
                    <lb/>
                  A Cinoſura piega, & doue punta
                    <lb/>
                  Con la ſua coda iui la testa pone
                    <lb/>
                  Helice, & oltra Cinoſura ſtende
                    <lb/>
                  Le Sue ritorte pieghe, e alzato a drieto
                    <lb/>
                  Guarda l'Orſa maggior col capo ardito. </s>
                  <s id="s.007321">
                    <lb/>
                  Ardeno gli occhi, & l'affocate tempie
                    <lb/>
                  Di fiamme acceſe ſono, e'l mento ſolo
                    <lb/>
                  Arde d'un fiero lume.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.007322">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  La tramontana, della quale ſi ſerueno i noſtri marinari, è quella ſtella, che è l'ultima nella co­
                    <lb/>
                  da dell'Orſa minore. </s>
                  <s id="s.007323">imaginiamo una linea dritta dalle ultime due ſtelle dell'Orſa maggiore, cioè
                    <lb/>
                  dalle ruote di dietro del carro, che uedi fin alla proßima ſtella che ſe le fa incontra, iui è la ſtella
                    <lb/>
                  uicina al polo del mondo, che ſi chiama ſtella del mare. </s>
                  <s id="s.007324">la Tramontana adunque è la prima del­
                    <lb/>
                  le ſtelle, che fanno l'Orſa minore. </s>
                  <s id="s.007325">Queſte ſono ſette stelle aſſai chiare, tre di eſſe fanno un corno,
                    <lb/>
                  che ſi piglia per lo temone dal carro, quattro poi fanno il quadrato ſecondo il ſito di quattro
                    <lb/>
                  ruote, ſi muoueno d'intorno il polo con egual diſtanza in termine di hore uentiquattro da Leuan­
                    <lb/>
                  ite a Ponente. </s>
                  <s id="s.007326">& la Tramontana per eſſer piu uicina al polo fa minor giro. </s>
                  <s id="s.007327">& per quella, eſſendo
                    <lb/>
                  l polo inuiſibile ſi conoſce l'altezza del polo ſopra l'Orizonte, & il luogo del polo ſi conoſce per
                    <lb/>
                  un'altra ſtella delle stelle, che è la piu lucida delle due guardie nominate: & quella stella è det­
                    <lb/>
                  ta horologiale, perche girando come ruota di horologio, dà a conoſcere in ogni tempo dell'an­
                    <lb/>
                  no, che hora ſia della notte. </s>
                  <s id="s.007328">come dimostrano gli horologi fatti per la notte. </s>
                  <s id="s.007329">le tre stelle, che ſo­
                    <lb/>
                  no con le mani ſegnate nella ſeguente figura uengono nello horologio notturno a dritto d'una re­
                    <lb/>
                  gula, che ſi applica al centro dello horologio.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
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            </subchap1>
          </chap>
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