Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2754" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="27" file="514.01.059" n="59" rhead="PRIMVS."/>
              ctum, ita molleſcit, utin omne genus formæ faciliter fabricetur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2755" xml:space="preserve">idem cum molle, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2756" xml:space="preserve">candens eſt, ſi
                <lb/>
              refrigeretur, tinctum frigida redureſcit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2757" xml:space="preserve">reſtituitur in antiquam proprietatem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2758" xml:space="preserve">Licet etiam conſi-
                <lb/>
              derare hæc ita eſſe, ex eo, quod æſtate non ſolum in peſtilentibus locis, ſed etiam in ſalubribus omnia
                <lb/>
              corpora, calore ſiant imbecilla, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2759" xml:space="preserve">per hyemem etiam quæ ſunt peſtilentiſsimæ regiones, efficiantur
                <lb/>
              ſalubres: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2760" xml:space="preserve">ideo quod a refrigerationibus ſolidantur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2761" xml:space="preserve">Non minus etiam quod quæ a frigidis regionibus
                <lb/>
              corpora traducuntur in calidas non poſſunt durare, ſed diſſoluuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2762" xml:space="preserve">quæ autem ex calidis locis ſub
                <lb/>
              ſeptentrionum regiones ſrigidas, non modo non laborant immutatione loci ualetudinibus ſed etiam
                <lb/>
              confirmantur, quare cauendum eſſe uidetur in mœnibus collocandis ab ijs regionibus quę caloribus
                <lb/>
              flatus ad corpora hominum poſſunt ſpargere.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2763" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2764" xml:space="preserve">Philoſophatur Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2765" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2766" xml:space="preserve">multis argumentis probat calore, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2767" xml:space="preserve">frigiditate res ipſas immutari, ſumitq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2768" xml:space="preserve">ra-
                <lb/>
              tioncm ab inanimis rebus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2769" xml:space="preserve">ab animatis, quæ omnia facillima ſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2770" xml:space="preserve">Sequitur autem ratio a temper atura cor
                <lb/>
              porum animalium ſumpta; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2771" xml:space="preserve">hinc auium, piſicium, terreſtriumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2772" xml:space="preserve">animalium naturas examinat: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2773" xml:space="preserve">quæ omnia tan-
                <lb/>
              quam Architectus non tanquam Phyſicus percurrit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2774" xml:space="preserve">Inquit autem.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2775" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2776" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Nanqve</emph>
              ex principijs, quæ Græci ςοτχτία appellant, omnia corpora ſunt compoſita, ideſt calo-
                <lb/>
              re & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2777" xml:space="preserve">humore, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2778" xml:space="preserve">terreno, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2779" xml:space="preserve">aere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2780" xml:space="preserve">his mixtionibus naturali temperatura figurantur omnium anima-
                <lb/>
              lium in mundo generatim qualitates. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2781" xml:space="preserve">Ergo in quibus corporibus exuperat è principijs calor, tunc in-
                <lb/>
              terficit, diſſoluitq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2782" xml:space="preserve">cætera feruore. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2783" xml:space="preserve">Hæc autem uitia efficit feruidum ab certis partibus cœlum, cum
                <lb/>
              inſidet in apertas uenas pluſquam patitur è mixtionibus naturali temperatura corpus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2784" xml:space="preserve">Item ſi humor
                <lb/>
              occupauit corporum uenas, imparesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2785" xml:space="preserve">eas fecit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2786" xml:space="preserve">cætera principia, ut a liquido corrupta, diluuntur,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.059-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.059-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2787" xml:space="preserve">diſſoluuntur compoſitionis uirtutes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2788" xml:space="preserve">Item è refrigerationibus humoris uentorum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2789" xml:space="preserve">aurarum in-
                <lb/>
              funduntur uitia corporibus nón minus aeris, etiamq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2790" xml:space="preserve">terreni in corpore naturalis compoſitio augen-
                <lb/>
              do, aut minuendo infirmat cætera principia, terrena cibi, plenitate, aerea, grauitate cœli. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2791" xml:space="preserve">Sed ſi quis
                <lb/>
              uoluerit diligentius hęc ſenſu percipere, animaduertat, attendatq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2792" xml:space="preserve">naturas auium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2793" xml:space="preserve">piſcium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2794" xml:space="preserve">ter-
                <lb/>
              reſtrium animalium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2795" xml:space="preserve">ita confiderabit diſorimina temperaturæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2796" xml:space="preserve">Aliam enim mixtionem habet ge-
                <lb/>
              nus auium, aliam piſcium, longe aliam terreſtrium animalium natura. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2797" xml:space="preserve">Volucres minus habent terre-
                <lb/>
              ni, minus humoris. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2798" xml:space="preserve">caloris temperate, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2799" xml:space="preserve">aeris multum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2800" xml:space="preserve">Igitur leuioribus principijs compoſitæ, fa-
                <lb/>
              cilius in aeris impetum nituntur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2801" xml:space="preserve">Aquatiles autem piſcium naturæ, quod temperatæ ſunt a calido, plu-
                <lb/>
              rimum ex aeris & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2802" xml:space="preserve">terreni ſunt compoſitæ, ſed humoris habent oppido parum, quo minus habent è
                <lb/>
              principijs humoris in corpore, facilius in humore perdurant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2803" xml:space="preserve">Itaque cum ad terram perducuntur,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.059-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.059-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              animam cum aqua relinquunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2804" xml:space="preserve">Item terreſtria, quod è principijs ab aere, caloreq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2805" xml:space="preserve">ſunt temperata mi-
                <lb/>
              nusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2806" xml:space="preserve">habent terreni, plurimumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2807" xml:space="preserve">humoris, quod a bundant humidæ partes, non diu poſſunt in aqua
                <lb/>
              uitam tueri. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2808" xml:space="preserve">Ergo ſi hæc ita uidentur, quemadmodum propoſuimus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2809" xml:space="preserve">ex his principijs animalium
                <lb/>
              corpora compoſita ſenſu percipimus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2810" xml:space="preserve">exuberationibus, aut defectionibus ea laborare diſſoluiq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2811" xml:space="preserve">in-
                <lb/>
              dicauimus, non dubitamus, quin diligentius quæri oporteat uti temperatiſsimas cœli regiones eliga-
                <lb/>
              mus, cum quærenda fuerit in mœnium collocationibus ſalubritas.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2812" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2813" xml:space="preserve">Expedita iam confirmatio est, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2814" xml:space="preserve">argumentatio, in qua ordo mirabilis est uiſus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2815" xml:space="preserve">ſequuntur inditia ſalubri-
                <lb/>
              tatis locorum ſumpta ab obſeruatione maiorum, quam quoque confirmat exemplo naturæ, inquit enim.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2816" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2817" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Itaqve</emph>
              etiam atque etiam ueterum reuocandam cenſeo rationem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2818" xml:space="preserve">Maiores enim è pecoribus im-
                <lb/>
              molatis, quæ paſcebantur in ijs locis, quibus aut oppida, aut caſtra ſtatiua conſtituebantur, inſpicie-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.059-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.059-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              bant iecinora, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2819" xml:space="preserve">ſi erant liuida, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2820" xml:space="preserve">uitioſa prima, talia immolabant, dubitantes
                <unsure/>
              utrum morbo, an pa-
                <lb/>
              bulis læſa eſſent, cum pluribus experti erant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2821" xml:space="preserve">probauerant integram, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2822" xml:space="preserve">ſolidam naturam iecino-
                <lb/>
              rum ex aqua, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2823" xml:space="preserve">pabulo, ibi conſtituebant munitiones. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2824" xml:space="preserve">Si autem uitioſa inueniebant, inditio tranſ-
                <lb/>
              ferebant idem in humanis corporibus peſtilentem ſuturam naſcentem in ijs locis aquæ, cibiq́: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2825" xml:space="preserve">copiã,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2826" xml:space="preserve">ita tranſmigrabant & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2827" xml:space="preserve">mutabant regiones, quærentes omnibus rebus ſalubritatem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2828" xml:space="preserve">Hæc autem fieri
                <lb/>
              uti pabulo ciboq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2829" xml:space="preserve">ſalubres proprietates terræ uideantur, licet animaduertere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2830" xml:space="preserve">cognoſcere ex agris
                <lb/>
              Cretenſium, qui ſunt circa Pothereum flumen, quod eſt Cretæ inter duas ciuitates Gnoſon, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2831" xml:space="preserve">Gor-
                <lb/>
              tynam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2832" xml:space="preserve">Dextra enim, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2833" xml:space="preserve">ſiniſtra eius fluminis paſcuntur pecora, ſed ex ijs, quæ paſcuntur proxime
                <lb/>
              Gnoſon, ſplenem habent: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2834" xml:space="preserve">quæ autem ex altera parte proxime Gortynam, non habent apparentem
                <lb/>
              ſplenem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2835" xml:space="preserve">Vnde etiam medici quærentes de ea re, inuenerunt in ijs locis herbam, quam pecora ro-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.059-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.059-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              dendo, imminuerant lienes, ita eam herbam colligendo curant lienoſos hoc medicamento, quod
                <lb/>
              ctiam ἄ{στι}λ{ηυου} Cretenſes uocitant.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2836" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2837" xml:space="preserve">Ex cibo atque aqua proprietates locorum natura peſtilentes, aut ſalubres eſſe ex ueterum obſeruatione
                <lb/>
              probat Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2838" xml:space="preserve">Inſpiciebant ueteres in animalium iecinora cum ſalubritatem loci explorare uolebant, quando
                <lb/>
              autem ſtatiua castra obſidendis hoſtibus ponere, aut oppida uellent munire, inuentis iecinoribus illæſis ſatis
                <lb/>
              certum habere inditium ſalubritatis aeris putabant, atque ut iecinora ex pabulis, it a pabula ex aeris ſalubri-
                <lb/>
              tate conſiderabant; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2839" xml:space="preserve">maximam autem eſſe pabulorum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2840" xml:space="preserve">aquæ uim naturali exemplo comprobat, ut ſatis
                <lb/>
              patet exemplo, è quibuſdam locis Cretæ deſumpto. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2841" xml:space="preserve">Aſplenium herba eſt vermi Scolopendræ quàm ſimilli-
                <lb/>
              ma, lienoſos ea curari dicit Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2842" xml:space="preserve">minuit enim lienis tumorem, immo & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2843" xml:space="preserve">naturalem lienis magnitudinem ad eam
                <lb/>
              paruitatem deducit, ut oues, quæ eas in pabulis frequenter ſumant, liene carere uideantur, tanta uis est in
                <lb/>
              pabulo. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2844" xml:space="preserve">quis uero dubit at quin ex a quis etiam argumenta uera non ſumantur? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s2845" xml:space="preserve">Hoc quoque tempore Vitru-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.059-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.059-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
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