Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

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[91] A. Templum diui Marci.B. Turris diui Marci.C. Duæ columne.D. Forum diui ’Marci.E. D. Geminianus.F. D. Moyſes.G. D. Baſſus.H. D. Theodorus.I. D. Zacharias.K. D. Ioan. embracora.L. D. Martinus.M. D. Dominicus.N. D. Antonius.O. D. Petrus.P. D. Daniel.Q. D. Donatus.R. Dogana.S. Nauale.T. D. Cœleſtis.V. D. Franciſcus.X. D. Io. & Paulus.Y. D. Laurentius.Z. D. Seuerus.a. D. Marina.b. D. Cantianus.c. D. Apoſtoli.d. Crucigeri.e. D. Sophia.f. D. Maria ab hortis.g. D. Iob.h. S. Crux.i. D. Margarita.k. Magna domus Franciſcanorum.l. D. Paulus.m. D. Auguſtinus.n. D. Agatha.o. D. Maria mater domini.p. D. Caßiani.q. D. Matthia.r. D. Iacobus in riuo alto.ΔΔΔ. Magnus canalis.ſ. Forum riui alti.t. Pons riui alti.@. D. Maria Iubanica.x. D. Stephanus.y. Templum charitatis.Z. D. Gregorius. TRAMONTANAPONENTELEVANTE
Page: 236
[92] B G F M A H I N E C D
Page: 239
[93] A. tetrastylon cauum ædium.F. cellæ F A FF A F
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[94] B. Tuſcanicum cauum ædium.E. cellæ.D. interpenſiua. E B E
Page: 244
[95] D D E B E
Page: 244
[96] C. diſpluuiatum.G. cellæ. G C G
Page: 245
[97] G C G
Page: 245
[98] D. cauædium teſtudinatum.M. cellæ.P. lumen. M D MM D P M
Page: 246
[99] O. cauum ædium.P. alæ.Q. uiridaria.T. ueſtibulum.Z. baſilica.r. tablinum. Z Y Q Q O Q Q T
Page: 248
[Figure 100]
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[Figure 101]
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[102] FRONTE.
Page: 251
[103] A
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[104] Græcorum ædes earumq́; partium diſpoſitiones.A. peristylium amplum.E. peristylium primum.C. aditus amplus.D. aditus ab uno ad aliudperiſtylium.E. proſtas ubi eraut duæ antæ.F. G. Antithalamus.H. I. gynæconitides.K. cu-bicuUmdiebria.L. S. oeci,& bibliotecæ,& ubi ſunt pictores.M. R. pinacotbecæ.N. cyzicena triclinia.O. porticus ad ſeptentrionem.P. cellæ hostiariæ.Q. oeci quadrati.T. V. porticus ad triclinia cizcena.X. hypæthra loca.r. oeci magni ubi matres familiarũ cum lanificijs habent ſeſſiones.Z. hoſpitalia.1. thirorium.2. Equilia.3. cubicula.4. meſaulæ & andronæ.5. triclinia quo-tidiana.6. posthalamus.7. thalamus.8. porticus Rhodiaca altior. T QVNMRN8SALKICHXYYFEG76B543O32P21
Page: 259
[105] Pauimentorum genera.Filandri.Anticum.
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[106] c d f b c 8
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[107] CHOROBATES.2 I 3 2
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[108] d 10 10 a d 50 50 50 c 50 ba s d s 7 {1/14} 25 s b ce 8 8 10 84 f hm 5 43 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 53 5 4
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[109] Figura ex meſolabio Architæ ad inueniendas medias.c t @ @ q p o n m l k l h g f p e o ξ v M @ k I o h j ε δ r B d s R q P o N M L K I H G F E L x c 6 N ς ε ξ γ B a
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[110] Veſtigium meſolabij Architæ.
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[111] Orthographia meſolabij Architæ.
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[112] Demonſtratio Eratoſtbenis. a g t cb f b d
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[113] Instrumentum Eratoſthenis. m a x g n b c n i o l v q p b e f k d
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[114] Vſ{us} demonſtratio Eratoſtbenis cum inſtrumento. a h n ek l i o d b 8 m c 4
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[115] Inſtrumentum Platonis. f i n o m
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[116] cubus. 8 8 64 8 8 8 8 512 8s e
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[117] Demonstratio Archita. p l k b o i m b e d af
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[118] Demonctration Platonis. d e b c g
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[119] Demostratio ter tiæ proprietatis, & aſſumptionis Nicomedis.instrumentum Nicomedis. f h d g b s n m k a
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[120] Duplicatio cubi. e a b c d f g
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          <div xml:id="echoid-div123" type="section" level="2" n="44">
            <pb o="30" file="514.01.062" n="62" rhead="LIBER"/>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3041" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Tvnc</emph>
              Turrium, murumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3042" xml:space="preserve">fundamenta ſie ſunt facienda, uti fodiantur (ſi queat inueniri) ad ſoli
                <lb/>
              dum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3043" xml:space="preserve">in ſolido, (quantum ex amplitudine operis pro ratione uideatur) craſsitudine ampliore quàm
                <lb/>
              patrietum, qui ſupra terram ſunt futuri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3044" xml:space="preserve">ea impleantur quamſolidiſsima ſtructura.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3045" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3046" xml:space="preserve">Quemadmodum certailla, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3047" xml:space="preserve">præſcripta fundandi norma ſemper est
                <unsure/>
              obſeruanda, ut fundamenta ſemper
                <lb/>
              ad ſolidum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3048" xml:space="preserve">in ſolido fodiantur, ita ea cura non eſt prætermittenda, ut ſciamus an plano, an excelſo, an
                <lb/>
              decliui loco fundandum ſit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3049" xml:space="preserve">quantum areæ cir cumſcribere oporteat, nam alia, ai que alia ratione fundatio
                <lb/>
              nis utemur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3050" xml:space="preserve">Item dignitas amplam ciuitatem requirit, ſecuritas uerò etiam amplam, nam a paucis ofſideri
                <lb/>
              ampla ciuitas minime poteſt, parua minoribus præſidijs eſt tuta, dolis tamen & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3051" xml:space="preserve">traditionibus obnoxia, cum
                <lb/>
              facilius capta retineatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3052" xml:space="preserve">Cæterum multitudinis populiq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3053" xml:space="preserve">ratio habenda eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3054" xml:space="preserve">Circumſcribitur autem lineis,
                <lb/>
              angulisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3055" xml:space="preserve">Murilinearum ſimilitudinem habent: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3056" xml:space="preserve">Turres, Propugnacula, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3057" xml:space="preserve">portæ, angulorum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3058" xml:space="preserve">De ſingu-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.062-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.062-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              lis præceptatradũ Murilinearum ſimilitudinem habent: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3059" xml:space="preserve">Turres, proportet, quæ a Mathematicis introductionis modo præci-
                <lb/>
              piutur; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3060" xml:space="preserve">lieam eſſe extenſionem quandam: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3061" xml:space="preserve">angulos eſſe ſoli comprehenſionem inter duas lineas ſe ſe contin-
                <lb/>
              gentes: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3062" xml:space="preserve">inde quattuor efficientur anguli duarum linearum interſectione, &</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3063" xml:space="preserve">ſi altera alteri directe & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3064" xml:space="preserve">ad perpen
                <lb/>
              diculum incumbat, quattuor angulirecti efficientur, ſi tranſuerſe, duo, qui latiores erunt obtuſi, reliqui acu
                <lb/>
              ti dicentur, exlineis directæ aliæſunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3065" xml:space="preserve">illæ ſunt, quarum medium non obumbrat extrema: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3066" xml:space="preserve">quæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3067" xml:space="preserve">breuiori
                <lb/>
              ſpatio inter duo puncta æqualiter continentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3068" xml:space="preserve">Aliæ flexæ, quæ ſcilicet ſuis medijs ectrema excedunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3069" xml:space="preserve">Ex
                <lb/>
              his aliæſunt circulorum portiones quædam, aliæflexuoſæ undequaque: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3070" xml:space="preserve">Circulus quaſi totus angulus, ſigura
                <lb/>
              eſt unalinea circumſcripta, a cuius medio, quod centrum appellant, omnes lineæ ad extremos limites ductæ
                <lb/>
              ſunt, æquales; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3071" xml:space="preserve">linea ſlexa ab Architectis arcus nominatur, recta uerò quandoque chorda uocatur, idq́ cum
                <lb/>
              extremos arcuum fines claudit, quandoque ſagitta, cum ſcilicet a chordæ medio, tanquàm neruo directè ad
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.062-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.062-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              arcus circumductu fertur, quandoque radius, cum ſcilicet ab immobile centro ad circumferentiam orbis du-
                <lb/>
              citur, quandoque diameter, cum ſcilicet duas æquales in partes circulum diuidit, quod fieri non poteſt, niſi
                <lb/>
              per medium centrum traijciat: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3072" xml:space="preserve">Ex arcubus ſimplices quidam ſunt, quidam uerò compoſiti: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3073" xml:space="preserve">ex ſimplicibus
                <lb/>
              alij integri, alij non integriuocantur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3074" xml:space="preserve">Integer arcus eſt dimidium circuli: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3075" xml:space="preserve">noninteger, qui dimidio minor eſt:
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3076" xml:space="preserve">uel cuius chorda diametro breuior est. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3077" xml:space="preserve">Compoſitus arcus eſt, quiex duobus non integris arcubus efficitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3078" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              ideo in decuſſatione angulum efficit, quemadmodum ſubiecta exempla, diagrammate oſtendunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3079" xml:space="preserve">Lineis igi-
                <lb/>
              tur, angulisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3080" xml:space="preserve">deſcribimus areas, lineæ uel funiculis, uel perticis tanquàm regulis ducuntur; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3081" xml:space="preserve">anguli autem
                <lb/>
              normis, uelquadrantibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3082" xml:space="preserve">Solo deſſignato foſſas duces, quibus ductis iacias fundamenta in ſolido uel ana-
                <lb/>
              turatibi præſtito, uel arte facto: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3083" xml:space="preserve">ſcias ſolum conſolidari palis frequentibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3084" xml:space="preserve">denſis: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3085" xml:space="preserve">figuntur autem pali fi-
                <lb/>
              ſtucis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3086" xml:space="preserve">Fiſtucæſunt inſtrumenta lignea, quæ uel ſuſpenſa funibus, trochleisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3087" xml:space="preserve">a tignis demittuntur ſupra dire
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.062-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.062-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              ctos palos, ut crebris ictibus inculcentur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3088" xml:space="preserve">figantur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3089" xml:space="preserve">uel anſis manibus comprehenſa extolluntur, ut pali
                <lb/>
              ſublicæq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3090" xml:space="preserve">ea machina adigãtur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3091" xml:space="preserve">E quo autem ligni genere palationes fiant ſecundo libro declaratur Cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3092" xml:space="preserve">nono-
                <lb/>
              Fiſtuca etiam pauitores utuntur, cum locus aut omnis, ant ex parte congestitius fuerit, ut habetur libro ſeptimo
                <lb/>
              Cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3093" xml:space="preserve">primo. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3094" xml:space="preserve">Adiguntur autem pali crebro potius ac continuato, quàm uehementi & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3095" xml:space="preserve">oneroſo ictu. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3096" xml:space="preserve">Cæſar in
                <lb/>
              commentarijs ſuis fist
                <unsure/>
              ucæ nomine utitur in egregia illa pontis conſtructione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3097" xml:space="preserve">Fundamentorum autem nomine
                <lb/>
                <figure xlink:label="fig-514.01.062-01" xlink:href="fig-514.01.062-01a" number="9">
                  <description xml:id="echoid-description2" style="it" xml:space="preserve">a b. recta.
                    <lb/>
                  d c. flexa.
                    <lb/>
                  e. angulirecti.
                    <lb/>
                  f. anguli obtuſi.
                    <lb/>
                  o. anguli acuti.
                    <lb/>
                  h.i.
                    <emph style="sc">K.</emph>
                  circulus.
                    <lb/>
                  g h i. diametros.
                    <lb/>
                  g k. radius.
                    <lb/>
                  g. centrum.
                    <lb/>
                  l. m.n. arcus inte ger.
                    <lb/>
                  L m. chorda.
                    <lb/>
                  n p. ſagitta.
                    <lb/>
                  r. arcus diminu-tus.
                    <lb/>
                  f. arcus compoſi-tus.</description>
                  <variables xml:id="echoid-variables3" xml:space="preserve">a b d c e f o h i k g l m n L p r</variables>
                </figure>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.062-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.062-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3098" xml:space="preserve">foſſas intelligit, ubi ſubstenitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3099" xml:space="preserve">Habent autem fundationes præcepta, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3100" xml:space="preserve">regulas, de quibus nunc dicam.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3101" xml:space="preserve">Primum quidem conſulendi incolæ ſunt & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3102" xml:space="preserve">periti regionum, ut ſoli natura exacte dignoſcatur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3103" xml:space="preserve">#inde cauen-
                <lb/>
              dum eſt, ne ſuper ruinas ſuperstruamus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3104" xml:space="preserve">non enim ſcire poſſimus quantum oneris ferre poterant: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3105" xml:space="preserve">æquabiliter
                <lb/>
              autem excauandum eſt ſolum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3106" xml:space="preserve">quàm planiſſimum faciendum, ut ædificiorum onera æqualiter decumbant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3107" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.062-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.062-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              Conſtruendæ etiam ſunt ædificiorum ueterum partes, ut cum fabricare aliquo impedimento deſiſtemus, ne pœ
                <lb/>
              niteat nos uetera diruiſſe: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3108" xml:space="preserve">Inferiora uero ſint ſuperioribus ampliora naturæ imit atione, quæ arbores parte ima
                <lb/>
              ſolidiores facit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3109" xml:space="preserve">#Cæterum in mollibus locis minore ſumptu, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3110" xml:space="preserve">tutius ſuperſtruemus arcubus#primum iactis,
                <lb/>
              namſolida pars apta eſt onera ſustinere, uacua uero impenſæ parcit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3111" xml:space="preserve">#Arbitror ego ſaxa grandiora in funda-
                <lb/>
              tionibus eſſe iacienda, ſed & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3112" xml:space="preserve">minutiſſima, quæq́ inuenta ſunt in ædificijs ueterum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3113" xml:space="preserve">non eſt autem in huiuſmo
                <lb/>
              diſubstructionibus calci parcendum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3114" xml:space="preserve">ſed curandum ut quàm ſolidiſſima ſit ſubſiructio: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3115" xml:space="preserve">palationes uerò muris
                <lb/>
              duplices habentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3116" xml:space="preserve">Pali uerò denſiſſimi, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3117" xml:space="preserve">groſſi parte duodecima, uel non minus octaua longitudinis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3118" xml:space="preserve">his
                <lb/>
              atque di{ij{s huiuſmodi præceptis de quibus etiam alibi dicturus ſum, quàm ſimiſſima fundamenta fieri poſſunt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3119" xml:space="preserve">Nunc ad rerum diftributionem ueniendum eſt, ac primum de turribus & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3120" xml:space="preserve">propugnaculis dicendum eſt, mox de
                <lb/>
              portis & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3121" xml:space="preserve">muris.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s3122" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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        </div>
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