Vitruvius
,
De architectura libri decem
,
1567
Text
Text Image
Image
XML
Thumbnail overview
Document information
None
Concordance
Notes
Handwritten
Figures
Content
Thumbnails
List of thumbnails
<
1 - 10
11 - 20
21 - 30
31 - 40
41 - 50
51 - 60
61 - 70
71 - 80
81 - 90
91 - 100
101 - 110
111 - 120
121 - 130
131 - 140
141 - 150
151 - 160
161 - 170
171 - 180
181 - 190
191 - 200
201 - 210
211 - 220
221 - 230
231 - 240
241 - 250
251 - 260
261 - 270
271 - 280
281 - 290
291 - 300
301 - 310
311 - 320
321 - 330
331 - 340
341 - 350
351 - 360
361 - 370
371 - 380
381 - 390
391 - 400
401 - 410
411 - 412
>
111
(79)
112
(80)
113
(81)
114
(82)
115
(83)
116
(84)
117
(85)
118
(86)
119
(87)
120
(88)
<
1 - 10
11 - 20
21 - 30
31 - 40
41 - 50
51 - 60
61 - 70
71 - 80
81 - 90
91 - 100
101 - 110
111 - 120
121 - 130
131 - 140
141 - 150
151 - 160
161 - 170
171 - 180
181 - 190
191 - 200
201 - 210
211 - 220
221 - 230
231 - 240
241 - 250
251 - 260
261 - 270
271 - 280
281 - 290
291 - 300
301 - 310
311 - 320
321 - 330
331 - 340
341 - 350
351 - 360
361 - 370
371 - 380
381 - 390
391 - 400
401 - 410
411 - 412
>
page
|<
<
(33)
of 412
>
>|
<
echo
version
="
1.0RC
">
<
text
xml:lang
="
la
"
type
="
free
">
<
div
xml:id
="
echoid-div1
"
type
="
section
"
level
="
1
"
n
="
1
">
<
div
xml:id
="
echoid-div123
"
type
="
section
"
level
="
2
"
n
="
44
">
<
pb
o
="
33
"
file
="
514.01.065
"
n
="
65
"
rhead
="
PRIMVS.
"/>
<
p
style
="
it
">
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3218
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Rotundæ turres quacunque parte uel ariete, uel alia machina percutiantur,#ftrmiores ſunt quàm quadra
<
lb
/>
tæ nam ea figura pluribus partibus, tanquàm cuneis constat, cuneorum natura ad centrum adacta ſolidior
<
lb
/>
efficitur: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3219
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">obfirmant enim ſe ſe mutuo cuneadæ rœ quælibet, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3220
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">quo magis in eas impellas eo ſolidiores efficiun-
<
lb
/>
tur. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3221
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Cæerum his temporibus alius uſits eſt. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3222
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">quemadmodum dicam. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3223
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Turrium igitur præcepta ſunt bæ, quæ quæ dicta
<
lb
/>
ſunt, quæſic breuiter colligere poſſumus. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3224
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Turres aut conſiderantur ea parte, qua reſpiciunt hoſtes, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3225
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ſic
<
lb
/>
primum præceptum est, ut proyciantur in partem exterorem: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3226
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">aut conſiderantur ea parte, qua reſpiciunt hoſtes, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3227
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ſic
<
lb
/>
uitatem, ſic aliud præceptum est de earum muro diuidendo, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3228
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">contignatione mobili congiungendo: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3229
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">aut conſi
<
lb
/>
derantur, ut mutuo inter ſe ſe habent, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3230
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ſic de interuallo unius ad alteram dictum eſt, aut demum conſideran
<
lb
/>
tur in ſe quælibet, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3231
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ſic defigura earum orbiculari uel multorum angulorum eſt dictum.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3232
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">#Quæ omnia ſubie-
<
lb
/>
<
note
position
="
left
"
xlink:label
="
note-514.01.065-01
"
xlink:href
="
note-514.01.065-01a
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">10</
note
>
cta figura demonftrat.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3233
"
xml:space
="
preserve
"/>
</
p
>
<
p
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3234
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">
<
emph
style
="
sc
">Item</
emph
>
munitiones muri turriumq́ aggeribus coniunctæ maxime tutiores#ſunt, quòd neque arie-
<
lb
/>
tes, neque ſuffo ſsiones, neque machinæ cæterę eis ualent nocere.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3235
"
xml:space
="
preserve
"/>
</
p
>
<
p
style
="
it
">
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3236
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Obſeruatum eſt non tam muri craſsitudinem, quàm aggeris, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3237
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ierreni congest
<
unsure
/>
ionem apud muros, eos#tu-
<
lb
/>
tos reddere. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3238
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">nam quod machinæ, ſuffoſsionesq́ crehrisictibus muros concutiant mainfeftum eſt.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3239
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">#Sed ſi agge-
<
lb
/>
ris quoque ratio habeatur, murusq́ crebris ictibus muros concutiant manifeſtum eſt.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3240
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">#Sed ſi agge-
<
lb
/>
ger tanquàm muri humerus eſſe. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3241
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">hinc præcipit Vitr. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3242
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ut munitiones muri, turriumq́ aggeribus coniungantur.
<
lb
/>
</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3243
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Sed animaduertendum puto aggeremnon ſolum intelligi terræ ſaxorumq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3244
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">congeriem, ſed etiam repletionem ſoſ
<
lb
/>
ſæ, ualliq́, uel alterius cuiuſcunque loci excauati, in quo exaggeramus,#Agger autem Vitruuianus nibil
<
lb
/>
aliud eſt niſi repletio mterualli, quod eſt inter duos muros, incamiſciatam Itali uocant.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3245
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">#Agger uero, quo
<
lb
/>
<
note
position
="
left
"
xlink:label
="
note-514.01.065-02
"
xlink:href
="
note-514.01.065-02a
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">20</
note
>
noſtri utuntur, terraplenum, aut ſpaltum dicunt, eſt enim terræ ſubactæ aggeratio quædam parte interiori ad
<
lb
/>
euitandos ſumptus, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3246
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">muniendos muros accommodata: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3247
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">non enim putant oportere duplicem eſſe murum, ſed
<
lb
/>
una fronte contenti, partem, quæciues reſpicit, aggere ampliſsimo bene muniunt, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3248
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">inter aggerem murulos
<
lb
/>
quoſdam præſeripto ſpatio claudunt, quos ſperones uel contrafortes uocant, terrenum enim opus pondere pre-
<
lb
/>
mens murulos illos, tanquàm anterides, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3249
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">eriſmata, continet murum ne facile prorual.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3250
"
xml:space
="
preserve
"/>
</
p
>
<
p
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3251
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">
<
emph
style
="
sc
">Sed</
emph
>
nonin omnibus locis eſt aggeris ratio facienda, niſi quibus extra murum ex#alto#loco#plano
<
lb
/>
pedeacceſſus fuerit admœnia oppugnanda.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3252
"
xml:space
="
preserve
"/>
</
p
>
<
p
style
="
it
">
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3253
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Maxime offenduntur ciues cum extra muros acceſſus hostium fit ex parte altiori, ſemper enim plus læditur
<
lb
/>
qui imas partes in pugnando tenet: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3254
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">qua propter Vitr. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3255
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">aggeris rationem eſſe habendamdicit, cum ab excelſio-
<
lb
/>
ri loco hoſtes oppugnant, quimciues, ubi igitur ex alto loco plano pede acceſſus hoſtium fieri#poteſt, tunc ag
<
lb
/>
<
note
position
="
left
"
xlink:label
="
note-514.01.065-03
"
xlink:href
="
note-514.01.065-03a
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">30</
note
>
geris ratio eſt habenda. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3256
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Quarationne uerò agger efficiatur ſecundum Vitr. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3257
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ſequentibus uerbis explicatur.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3258
"
xml:space
="
preserve
"/>
</
p
>
<
p
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3259
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">
<
emph
style
="
sc
">Itaqve</
emph
>
in ciuſmodi locis primum foſſæ ſunt faciendæ, latitudinibus, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3260
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">altitudinibus quàm am-
<
lb
/>
pliſsimis, deinde fundamentum muri deprimendum eſt intra alueum foſſæ, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3261
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">id extruendum eſt intra alueum foſſæ, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3262
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">id extruendum eſt
<
lb
/>
ea craſsitudine, ut opus terrenum facile ſuſtineatur. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3263
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Item interiore parte ſubſtructionis, funda-
<
lb
/>
mentum diſtans ab exteriore introrſus amplo ſpatio, conſtituendum eſt, ita uti cohortes poſsint quem
<
lb
/>
admodum in acie inſtructæ ad defendendum ſupra latitudinem aggeris conſiſtere.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3264
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">#Cum autem fun
<
lb
/>
damenta ita diſtantia intere ſe fuerint conſtituta, tunc inter ea alia tranſuerſa coniuncta, exteriori, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3265
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">in
<
lb
/>
teriori fundamento pectinatim diſpoſita, quemadmodum ſerræ dentes ſolent eſſe, collocentur.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3266
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">#Cum
<
lb
/>
enim ſie erit factum, tunc ita oneris terreni magnitudo diſtributa in paruas partes, neque uniuerſa
<
lb
/>
pondere premens, poterit ulla ratione extrudere muri ſubſtructiones.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3267
"
xml:space
="
preserve
"/>
</
p
>
<
note
position
="
left
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">40</
note
>
<
p
style
="
it
">
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3268
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Cum hostes oppugnant, aut ab mferioriparte, ant a ſuperiorioppugnant: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3269
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ſi ab inferiori tunc murus facien
<
lb
/>
dus eſt ea ratione, qua ſupradixit Vitr. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3270
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ea ſcilicet craſſitudine uti armati bomines ſupra obuiam ue-
<
lb
/>
nientes alius alium ſine impeditione præterire poſſit. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3271
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">item frontes utræque muri taleis oleagineis uſtula-
<
lb
/>
tis coniungendæ, ut firmius contineantur. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3272
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">non enim opus eſt inſtructas acies in his locis muros aſcen-
<
lb
/>
dere. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3273
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">quod ſi a ſuperiori parte oppugnaturi accedunt, tunc murus muniendus est, turres item, atque alia pro
<
lb
/>
pugnacula fulcienda, hoc modo, quo dicit Vitr. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3274
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Primum enim foſſæ ampliſſimæ ſunt faciendæ, nam prohibe-
<
lb
/>
bitur acceſſus ad muros latitudine, atque altitudine foſſarum. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3275
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">deinde duplex murus conſtruendus eſt, utriuſ-
<
lb
/>
que autemratio fundationis eadem erit: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3276
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">nam fundamentum deprimendum eſt intra alueum foſſæ, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3277
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">extruen
<
lb
/>
dum latius, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3278
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">craſſius quàm murus, qui ſupra iderit futurus, nam ita requirit fundamentorum ratio, quem
<
lb
/>
admodum ſuperiori capite dictum eſt, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3279
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">opus terrenum facilius ſuſtinebitur.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3280
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">#Erecta hac muri fronte, quæ
<
lb
/>
hoſtes reſpicit, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3281
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ſupra foſſam elata, conſtruenda est altera frons pàrteriori a priori plurimum diſtans,
<
lb
/>
<
note
position
="
left
"
xlink:label
="
note-514.01.065-05
"
xlink:href
="
note-514.01.065-05a
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">50</
note
>
naminter ambas frontes exaggerandum eſt, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3282
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ſupra aggerem inst
<
unsure
/>
ruendæ ſunt acies repugnatium.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3283
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">#Erectis
<
lb
/>
frontibus, uel fundatis potius, fundamenta utraque ſunt colliganda, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3284
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">quaſi connectenda alijs fundamentis
<
lb
/>
tranſuerſis, quæ ab una ad aliam frontem procurrant, ita diſpoſita, quem admodum ſerræ dentes ac pectina-
<
lb
/>
tim, ut firmius utroſque muros contineant, ac aggeris pondus inter ſe diſtribuant, ita ut ſubſtructio nihil pati
<
lb
/>
poſſit. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3285
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Calcato igitur terreno opere & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3286
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ſolidato, murorum frontes continebunt, at uerò obtranſuerſa fundamen
<
lb
/>
ta premere & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3287
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">extrudere muri ſubſtructiones minime poterit.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3288
"
xml:space
="
preserve
"/>
</
p
>
<
p
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3289
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">
<
emph
style
="
sc
">De</
emph
>
ipſo autem muro è qua materia ſtuatur aut perficiatur, ideo non eſt præfiniendum. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3290
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">quod in
<
lb
/>
omnibuslocis, quas copias, cas non poſſumus habere, ſed ubi ſunt ſaxa quadrata, ſiue ſilex
<
lb
/>
ſiue cæmentum, aut coctus later, ſiue crudus, his critutendum. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3291
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Non enim uti Babylone abundantes
<
lb
/>
liquidobitumine, pto calce, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3292
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">arena, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s3293
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">cocto latere factum habent murum, ſic item poſſunt omnes
<
lb
/>
<
note
position
="
left
"
xlink:label
="
note-514.01.065-06
"
xlink:href
="
note-514.01.065-06a
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">60</
note
>
</
s
>
</
p
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
text
>
</
echo
>