Vitruvius Pollio, I dieci libri dell?architettura, 1567

List of thumbnails

< >
1
1 		2
2
3
3 		4
4
5
5 		6
6
7
7 		8
8
9
9 		10
10
< >
page |< < of 520 > >|
    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <subchap1>
              <subchap2>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001494">
                    <pb pagenum="72" xlink:href="045/01/080.jpg"/>
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  re, altra l'abete, altra il larice. </s>
                  <s id="s.001495">& altro effetto ſa il marmo, altro il tofo, altro il ſaſſo, altro
                    <lb/>
                  imattoni. </s>
                  <s id="s.001496">però Vitr. che diſcorreua, che da diuerſe cauſe uengono diuerſi effetti, filoſofando nar
                    <lb/>
                  ra l'opinione de gli antichi cerca i principij materiali, cioè che entrano come parti a far le coſe di
                    <lb/>
                  natura, & nel ſucceſſo applicher à poi le cauſe a gli effetti, come ci ſar à manifeſto.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="head">
                  <s id="s.001497">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  De i principij delle coſe ſecondo i Filoſofi.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
              </subchap2>
              <subchap2>
                <p type="head">
                  <s id="s.001498">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Cap. II.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001499">THALES primieramente pensò, che l'acqua fuſſe principio di tutte le coſe:
                    <lb/>
                  Heraclito Epheſio ( che per la oſcurità de ſuoi detti Scotinos era chiamato )
                    <lb/>
                  poſe il fuoco. </s>
                  <s id="s.001500">Democrito, & lo Epicuro di Democrito fautore, gli Atomi,
                    <lb/>
                  che da noſtri inſecabili ouero indiuidui corpi da alcuni chiamati ſono. </s>
                  <s id="s.001501">Ma
                    <lb/>
                  la diſciplina de Pithagorici aggiunſe all'acqua, & al fuoco, l'aere, & la terra. </s>
                  <s id="s.001502">Democri­
                    <lb/>
                  to adunque, auegna, che le coſe di proprio nome non chiamaſſe, ma ſolamente proponeſ­
                    <lb/>
                  ſe i corpi indiuidui, pure per queſta ragione pare, che egli poneſſe quelli iſteſsi principij, per
                    <lb/>
                  che eſſendo que corpi ſeparati, prima che concorrino inſieme alla generatione delle coſe,
                    <lb/>
                  nè ſi raccoglieno, nè mancano, nè ſi diuideno, ma ſempiternamente ritengono in ſe per­
                    <lb/>
                  petua, & infinita ſodezza. </s>
                  <s id="s.001503">Quando adunque ſi ueda, che tutte le coſe naſcano da queſti
                    <lb/>
                  principij conuenientemente compoſti, & eſſendo quelle in infinite ſortì per natura diſtin­
                    <lb/>
                  te, io ho penſato, che neceſſario ſia di trattare delle uarietà, & differenze dell'uſo loro, &
                    <lb/>
                  dichiarire, che qualità habbiano ne gli ediſicij, accioche eſſendo conoſciute, quelli, i qua
                    <lb/>
                  li penſano di fabricare, non errino, ma apparecchino le coſe buone, & ſufficienti all'uſo
                    <lb/>
                  del fabricare. </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001504">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Vitruuio narra in queſta parte la diuerſità delle opinioni de gli antichi filoſofanti cerca i princi­
                    <lb/>
                  pij delle coſe, & intende ( come ho detto ) i principij materiali, cioè quelli, che entrano nella
                    <lb/>
                  compoſitione delle coſe, ne i quali finalmente ogni coſa ſi riſolue. </s>
                  <s id="s.001505">Dice che Tbales, fece l'acqua
                    <lb/>
                  principio di tutte le coſe; Heraclito il fuoco; Democrito, & lo Epicuro gli Atomi; i Pithagori­
                    <lb/>
                  ci l'acqua, il fuoco, l'aere, & la terra. </s>
                  <s id="s.001506">Vitr. non contende in queſto luogo quale ſia ſtata mi­
                    <lb/>
                  gliore opinione, ma conſente a quella de' Pithagorici, che abbraccia tutti quattro gli elementi, co
                    <lb/>
                  me piu chiaramente nel proemio dell'ottauo libro ſi uede: & ne dice la ragione copioſamente, &
                    <lb/>
                  con dignità della materia. </s>
                  <s id="s.001507">Ma perche in quel luogo non ſi fa mentione di quello, che Democrito
                    <lb/>
                  intendeua per Atomi: io dichiarerò la opinione di quello con breuità. </s>
                  <s id="s.001508">Vedendo adunque Demo­
                    <lb/>
                  crito, che tutti i corpi, che hanno parti diuerſe di nome, & di ragione, erano compoſti di parti,
                    <lb/>
                  che in nome, & in ragione erano ſimiglianti, uolle, che anche le parti, che conueniuano in nome
                    <lb/>
                  & in ragione, compoſte fuſſero di alcuni indiuiſibili, & minutiſſimi corpicelli, che egli Atomi
                    <lb/>
                  nominaua. </s>
                  <s id="s.001509">Et ſe bene egli non ſi puo ritrouare ſi picciola parte corporea, che non ſi poſſa diui­
                    <lb/>
                  dere in altre parti, & quelle ſimilmente in altre, & coſi in infinito, niente dimeno il buon De­
                    <lb/>
                  mocrito, tanto da Ariſtotile commendato, uoleua che infiniti corpicelli ſi trouaſſero, che per mo
                    <lb/>
                  do alcuno non riceueſſero diuiſione, ma fuſſero indiuiſibili, & impartibili. </s>
                  <s id="s.001510">Ma come egli inten­
                    <lb/>
                  deſſe queſto, accioche un tant'huomo non ſia contra ragione biaſimato, io dirò, che la diuiſione
                    <lb/>
                  de i corpi, come corpi, & delle parti, & delle particelle andaua in infinito, nè ſi poteuà queſta
                    <lb/>
                  diuiſione poſſibile intendere altrimenti: ma dall' altro canto conſiderando egli molto bene, che i
                    <lb/>
                  corpi natarali erano compoſti di materia, & di forma, & che poteuano eſſer diuiſi in coſi minu
                    <lb/>
                  te parti, che niuna di quelle poteſſe piu preſtare l'ufficio ſuo, nè fare la ſua operatione naturale,
                    <lb/>
                  come ſe egli ſi pigliaſſe una minima parte di carne, che non poteſſe fare la operatione di carne:
                    <lb/>
                  però egli uolle, che i corpi naturali fuſſero compoſti di queſti corpicelli indiuiſibili, non in quanto
                    <lb/>
                  corpi, & quantità intelligibile, & mathematica, ma in quanto corpi naturali compoſti di mate-
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
              </subchap2>
            </subchap1>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
Impressum