Vitruvius Pollio, I dieci libri dell?architettura, 1567

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                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001752">
                    <pb pagenum="83" xlink:href="045/01/091.jpg"/>
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  dura al Sole. </s>
                  <s id="s.001753">& tanto ſia detto della comparatione delle pietre, ſi come Leon Battiſta haraccol­
                    <lb/>
                  to. </s>
                  <s id="s.001754">Delle altre coſe pertinenti alle pietre ſi dirà di ſotto.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
              </subchap2>
              <subchap2>
                <p type="head">
                  <s id="s.001755">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Delle maniere di murare, qualita, modi, & luoghi
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                  di quelle. </s>
                  <s id="s.001756">Cap. VIII.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001757">LE maniere del murare ſono queſte prima quella, che ſi fa in modo di rete,
                    <lb/>
                  che hora ſi uſa da ogn'uno. </s>
                  <s id="s.001758">poi l'antica, la quale ſi chiama incerta. </s>
                  <s id="s.001759">Di que­
                    <lb/>
                  ſte due è piu gratioſa la reticulata, la quale poi è facile a fare le fiſſure, per­
                    <lb/>
                  che in ogni parte ha i letti, & le commiſſure slegate: ma la maniera incerta
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                  ſedendo i cementi l'uno ſopra l'altro, in modo di imbrici, non bella, come la reticulata,
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                  ma ſi bene piu ferma rende la muratura: uero è che l'una, & l'altra maniera deue eſſer
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                  impaſtata di minutiſsime coſe, accioche i pareti ſpeſſo ſatiati della materia fatta di cal­
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                  ce, & d'arena piu lungamente ſi tenghino inſreme; perche eſſendo di molle, & rara uirtù
                    <lb/>
                  ſuggendo il ſucco dalla materia, diſeccano. </s>
                  <s id="s.001760">ma quando abonderà la copia della calce, &
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                  dell'arena, il parete, che hauerà preſo molto dell'humore, non iſuanirà coſi preſto, ma ſi
                    <lb/>
                  tenirà inſieme. </s>
                  <s id="s.001761">ma ſubito, che la forza humida per la rarità de i cementi ſarà ſucciata dalla
                    <lb/>
                  materia, allhora la calce ſtaccandoſi dall'arena ſi diſcioglie, & i cementi non ſi poſſono
                    <lb/>
                  con queſti attaccare, ma a lungo andare fanno i pareti ruinoſi. </s>
                  <s id="s.001762">& queſto ſi puo compren
                    <lb/>
                  dere da alcuni monumenti, che d'intorno a Roma ſono fatti di marmo, ouero di pietre
                    <lb/>
                  quadrate, & di dentro nel mezo calcati, & empiuti la materia ſuanita per la uecchiezza, &
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                  aſciutta la rarità de i cementi, ruinano, & dalla brina diſciolte le legature delle commiſ­
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                  ſure ſono diſsipati. </s>
                  <s id="s.001763">Et ſe alcuno non uorrà incorrere in queſto difetto, faccia i pareti di
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                  due piedi, laſciando il mezo concauo lungo i pilaſtrelli di dentro, & ſiano o di ſaſſo roſſo
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                  quadrato, ouero di terra cotta, ouero di ſelici ordinarij, & con le chiaui di ferro, & piom
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                  bo ſiano le fronti legate. </s>
                  <s id="s.001764">& coſi non a grumo, & ſottoſopra, ma ordinatamente fatta l'o­
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                  pera potrà ſenza difetto eternamente durare. </s>
                  <s id="s.001765">perche ſedendo tra ſe i letti, & le commiſ­
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                  ſure di quelli, & incatenate non ſpigneranno la muratura, nè laſciaranno che i pilaſtrel­
                    <lb/>
                  li, o ſtanti legati inſieme rouinino. </s>
                  <s id="s.001766">& però non ſi deue ſprezzare la muratura de' Greci. </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001767">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Vitru. c'inſegna il modo, & le maniere di porre inſieme le pietre, commenda la muratura di
                    <lb/>
                  matt oni, & con belli eſſempi pruoua quanto dice. </s>
                  <s id="s.001768">Prima che io eſpona Vitru. io dirò delle par­
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                  ti della fabrica ſopra il fondamento, & quale ſia l'officio di ciaſcuna. </s>
                  <s id="s.001769">In ogni fabrica noi haue­
                    <lb/>
                  mo a conſider are il baſſo, la cima, i lati. </s>
                  <s id="s.001770">il baſſo è il pauimento, o ſuolo. </s>
                  <s id="s.001771">La cima ſono i coper­
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                  ti, & i colmi; i lati ſono i pareti, o muri. </s>
                  <s id="s.001772">Del pauimento ſi dirà nel ſettimo libro: de i coperti
                    <lb/>
                  nel quarto. </s>
                  <s id="s.001773">Hora ſi tratta del muro; ilquale è differente dal fondamento in queſto, che il fonda­
                    <lb/>
                  mento da i lati della foßa ſolamente per eſſer intiero, conſiſte: mail muro, o parete è compoſto
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                  di piu parti. </s>
                  <s id="s.001774">perche ha il poggio, il procinto, la corona, l'oſſa, & i ſoſtegni, l'apriture, le labra,
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                  il compimento, & le ſue oſſeruationi. </s>
                  <s id="s.001775">noi eſponeremo l'uſo di queſte parti a guiſa de i medici, i qua­
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                  li nella conſtitutione della loro arte trattano dell'uſo delle parti del corpo humano. </s>
                  <s id="s.001776">Poggio è quel­
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                  la parte, che è la prima di ſotto, che ſi leua dal fondamento, che è alquanto piu groſſa del muro,
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                  che ſi potrebbe ſcarpa nominare. </s>
                  <s id="s.001777">Procinto, & corona ſono parti del muro una di ſopra, l'altra
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                  nel mezo. </s>
                  <s id="s.001778">Procinto è la parte di mezo, & è quella legatura, che cigne il muro d'intorno come
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                  cornice, che nelle mura delle città ſi potrebbe chiamar cordone, & nelle altre mura, ſi dicono
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                  faſcie, & cinte, & regoloni. </s>
                  <s id="s.001779">l'oſſa & i ſoſtegni ſono le cantonate, le pilaſtrate, erte, colonne,
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                  & trauature, & tutto quello, che ſoſtiene le apriture, o ſiano in arco, o dritte; perche l'arco è
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                  come traue piegato. </s>
                  <s id="s.001780">Traue come colonna trauerſa: & colonna come traue dritto. </s>
                  <s id="s.001781">Le apriture,
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                  o labra ſono come le fineſtre, le cannoniere, i merli, le porte, i buchi, & i nicchi che dalla forma
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
              </subchap2>
            </subchap1>
          </chap>
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    </archimedes>
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