Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

< >
[131] a b g. concentricum. d. eius centrũ.t z. eccentricum.h. eius centrum.e z. epicyclus.g. eius centrum.d b. & g z. œquales.d z. parallelogrammum.motus {concentrici a d g. \\ epicycli e g z. \\ eccentrici t b z. uet t dg. \\ iugieccentric. a d t. anguli t b z. & e g z. œqua-les ſunt.angulus a d g. œqualis augulis. {adt. \\ adg. f n b a d o k
[132] b k epicyclus.b. centrum eius.h. uigum.n. Antijugum epicycli.k. punctũ primœ morœ.c. mundi centrum.o. punctũ ſecundæ morœ.h l k. arcus primœ mo rœ.k n o. arcus regreſſus-o b k. arcus directio-nis. L K A H B N O C
[133] Porfioni del cerchio che fannoſe s̃teſſe torno dlaTramòntanaTram ontanaSlmiſifudineTramonſangCarro che uoſge infomoalla Framonlana
[134] a b c d f
[135] A. ſectio parabole.B. vestigium. C. parabole.G. ſectio ellipſis.D. ſectio hyperbole.E. vestigium F. hyperbole. a f a f 1 f f f 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 4 3 3 4 5 4 4 5 6 C 5 5 6 F 7 A 6 6 8 7 8 7 7 D 8 9 8 8 9 10 11 10 10 11 11 11 11 b 12 g e d b e h d gf g b 6 7 3 1 2 4 6 8 10c g b E a 11 9 7 3 3 1 d 2 4 6 8 10 e ha f 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 a b c d 9 8 7 6 3 2 1 f b a H d g 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ff 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 g
[136] m q 0 s k h c b s n L I p q s
[137] Il polo.cqiunot.orizonte c e b a f
[138] l n k mcridl. parte delverno E e h a s i 9 8 7 6 5della jtate 4 3 parte g h f x lacato manaco b r c linca del.piano t
[139] Analemmatis figura.MERIDIAN: S. M. MLSLACITREVM.M.MERIDIAN: .S.OMVERTICAV.M..S.. O. M.ORIZON:W. A.STAB:
[140] 11 ſ x d 11 p k 1 2 1 2 3 4 5f 6 r 11 10 9 8 7 n f m 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 1 02 3 4 1g c 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 e 11 10 9 8 7 q b o
[141] 1 3 b x z g 2 5 f p 0 1 4 t I c e o n m r u 6 q i h 8 y d 5
[142] 5 4 b 3 2 7 8 9 10 f 6 5 7 1 11 6 5 7 9 4 4 8 8 N 9 x 12 1 11 2 10 3 9 4 8 5 7 3 39 9 F 6 g 2 2 10 10 o a @ d 1 11 7 6 z 1 11 8 6 7 c 1 12 10 1@ 1 2 1 1 11 11 5 11 2 2 10 21 11 b f @ 8 3 3 9 9 12 1 4 5 g 6 10 8 11 1 9 10 2 2 2 10 5 7 2 z 9 c 8 4 7 5 9 3 10 4 8 8 4 3 7 2 10 7 5 9 3 1 11 12 8 4 11 1 10 2 0 @ d 7 5 9 3 I 8 4 7 5 6 c &
[143] 5 6 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 1 11 4 8 3 9 d d 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 1 1 v n c
[144] 12 1 1 1111 2 2 10 10 3 3 9 9 4 4 8 8 5 5 7 7 6 6 6 T 7 7 5 5 8 8 4 4 9 9 3 3 10 10 2 2 11 11 1 1 12
[145] 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11 1 2 3 10 4 5 E 6 6 7
[146] 9 3 4 2 8 10 11 12 1 5 7 6 6 G
[147] 8 9 10 7 6 5 11 1 8 1 11 F
[148] 16 15 17 14 14 18 19 19 13 13 20 20 12 12 21 21 11 11 H 22 22 10 10 23 23 9 9 24 16 16 23 23 17 17 22 22 18 18 21 21 29 20
[149] 19 20 21 18 17 22 23 17 16 18 17 9 15 14 13 11 13 20 16 12 21 17 20 22 21 11 22 10 23 9 18 L 17 18 19
[150] 23 17 22 16 18 9 21 23 19 10 19 20 22 11 21 20 13 19 14 18 15 17 16 K
[151] 17 18 19 20 21 22 16 23 15 14 13 12 11 10 11 12 21 22 10 9 23 M
[152] Q K r n r 12 11 K 2 2 @ 4 p 8 7 e t 8 9 c P 7 4 3 10 7 @ P 5 q P 6 2 8 7 q P t t 11 1 I 1 11 7 q p 2 10 q p 3 9 @ a e b 4 8 2 7 6 5 P 10 6 f P 9 3 8 4 f P 1 f P 11 10 2 a f b e 4 9 3 11 10 2 11 1 11 1 u m 12 15 @ d 12 4 5 m 3 4 5 7 8 9 d @ 2 @ 0 10 2 11 1 a 0 s 7 1 n P p 5 6 7 10 6 6 6 3 4 8 9 7 e 5 5 7 4 5 3 10 11 12 1 2 3 8 9 3 1 e H 23 10 22 24 23 22 15 16 17 18 19 21 13 14 20
[153] Horologia in plano meridiani.6 5 4 3 2 1 7 8 9 10 11 12 u l d 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 b n n n n n 5 4 3 2 1 a c e c y n n n n n p 1 2 3 4 5 n ſ ſ 4 3 2 1 r 4 3 2 1 e 4 3 2 1 B 9 10 11 12 13 14 e H 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 e E g r 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 F g d 23 22 21 20 19 18 18 c g G d f a b e g c 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 f D e 11 10 19 18
[154] Horologia in plano æquinoctialis.d b 5 6 7 4 8 9 3 g f k L @ m 2 10 l 8 1 11 a e b B L 1 f k m h @ z r s 1 n 11 A 2 1 10 12 3 9 11 1 4 8 10 1 2 5 6 7 b d 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 c 6 7 5 8 4 9 3 18 17 16 10 2 16 17 18 19 11 12 1 19 20 14 14 20 21 13 13 21 22 12 12 22 23 11 23 24 24 14 14 23 15 23 22 15 22 16 16 21 17 21 20 19 18 17 18 19 20
[155] 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
[156] Instrumenta è regione poſita ſeruiunt fronti horologij ſequentis, illud uero inſerius eſt immobil-le ad aliud, & aliud ab artiſicio aquæ mouetur.B 270 A 360 stella.p.@ f 180 C 10 hircuſ@ 20 30 40 x cani ſminor* 50 60 70 80 90 C@nis Maior* D
[157] 6 5 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 1 11 12 T R 12 L 11 1 A f C 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6
[Figure 158]
[Figure 159]
[Figure 160]
< >
page |< < (61) of 412 > >|
    <echo version="1.0RC">
      <text xml:lang="la" type="free">
        <div xml:id="echoid-div1" type="section" level="1" n="1">
          <div xml:id="echoid-div209" type="section" level="2" n="53">
            <pb o="61" file="514.01.093" n="93" rhead="SECVNDVS."/>
          </div>
          <div xml:id="echoid-div215" type="section" level="2" n="54">
            <head xml:id="echoid-head55" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delapicidinis, earumque qualitatibus. # Cap. VII.</head>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5569" xml:space="preserve">DE calce & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5570" xml:space="preserve">arena quibus proprietatibus ſint, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5571" xml:space="preserve">quas habeant uirtutes dixi: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5572" xml:space="preserve">Sequitur ordo
                <lb/>
              de lapidicinis explicare, de quibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5573" xml:space="preserve">quadrata ſaxa, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5574" xml:space="preserve">cæmentorum ad ædificia, eximun-
                <lb/>
              tur copiæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5575" xml:space="preserve">comparantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5576" xml:space="preserve">Hæ autem inueniuntur eſſe diſparibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5577" xml:space="preserve">diſsimilibus uirtu-
                <lb/>
              tibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5578" xml:space="preserve">Sunt enim aliæ molles, uti ſunt circa urbem urbræ, Pallienſes, Fidenates, Alba-
                <lb/>
              næ: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5579" xml:space="preserve">aliæ temperatæ uti Tiburtinæ, Amiterninæ, Soractinæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5580" xml:space="preserve">quæ ſunt his generibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5581" xml:space="preserve">nonnullæ durę
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.093-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.093-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              ut ſiliceæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5582" xml:space="preserve">Sunt etiam alia genera plura, uti in Campania ruber, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5583" xml:space="preserve">niger tophus, in Vmbria, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5584" xml:space="preserve">in Pice-
                <lb/>
              no, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5585" xml:space="preserve">Venetia albus, qui etiam ſerra dentata utilignum ſecatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5586" xml:space="preserve">Sed hæc omnia, quæ mollia ſunt hanc
                <lb/>
              habent utilitatem, quod ex his ſaxa cum ſunt exempta, in opere facillime tractantur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5587" xml:space="preserve">ſiſint in locis
                <lb/>
              tectis, ſuſtinent laborem, ſin autem in apertis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5588" xml:space="preserve">patentibus, gelicidijs, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5589" xml:space="preserve">pruinis congefta, friantur,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5590" xml:space="preserve">diſſoluuntur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5591" xml:space="preserve">item ſecundum oras maritimas ab ſalſugine exeſa diffluunt, neque perferunt æftus.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5592" xml:space="preserve">Tiburtina uero, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5593" xml:space="preserve">quæ eodem genere ſunt, omnia ſufferunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5594" xml:space="preserve">ab oneribus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5595" xml:space="preserve">a tempeſtatibus iniurias,
                <lb/>
              ſed ab igni non poſlunt eſſe tuta, ſimulq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5596" xml:space="preserve">ut ſunt ab eo tracta, diſsiliunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5597" xml:space="preserve">diſsipantur, ideo quod
                <lb/>
              temperatura naturali paruo ſunt humore: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5598" xml:space="preserve">item quod non multum habent terreni, ſed aeris plurimum,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5599" xml:space="preserve">ignis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5600" xml:space="preserve">Igitur cum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5601" xml:space="preserve">humor, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5602" xml:space="preserve">terrenum in his minus ineſt, tum etiam ignis tactu, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5603" xml:space="preserve">ui uaporis
                <lb/>
              ex his aere ſugato penitus inſequens, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5604" xml:space="preserve">interueniorum uacuitates occupans ferueſcit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5605" xml:space="preserve">efficit ea ſuis
                <lb/>
              ardentia corporibus ſimilia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5606" xml:space="preserve">Sunt uero item lapidicinæ complures in finibus Tarquinienſium, quæ di-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.093-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.093-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              cuntur Anitianæ, colore quidem quemadmodum Albanę, quarum officinæ maximæ ſunt circa lacum
                <lb/>
              Vulſinienſem: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5607" xml:space="preserve">Item pręfectura Stratonienſi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5608" xml:space="preserve">Eæ autem habent infinitas uirtutes, neque enim his geli-
                <lb/>
              cidiorum tempeſtas, neque tactus ignis poteſt nocere, ſed ſunt firmæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5609" xml:space="preserve">ad uetuſtatem ideo permanen
                <lb/>
              tes, quod parum habent e naturæ mixtione aeris, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5610" xml:space="preserve">ignis, humoris autem temperate, plurimumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5611" xml:space="preserve">ter-
                <lb/>
              reni, ita ſpiſsis compactionibus ſolidatæ, neque a tempeſtatibus, neque ab ignis uehementia nocentur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5612" xml:space="preserve">Id autem maxime iudicare licet e monumentis, quæ ſunt circa municipium Ferentis ex his facta lapi-
                <lb/>
              cidinis; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5613" xml:space="preserve">namque habent & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5614" xml:space="preserve">ſtatuas amplas factas egregie, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5615" xml:space="preserve">minora ſigilla, floresq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5616" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5617" xml:space="preserve">achantos elegan-
                <lb/>
              ter ſculptos, quæ cumſint uetuſta ſic apparent recentia, uti ſi ſint modo facta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5618" xml:space="preserve">Non minus etiam fa-
                <lb/>
              bri ærarij de ijs lapicidinis in æris flatura formas habent comparatas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5619" xml:space="preserve">ex his ad æs fundendum maxi-
                <lb/>
              mas utilitates, quæ ſi propè urbem eſſent, dignum eſſet, ut ex his officinis omnia opera perficerentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5620" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.093-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.093-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              Cum ergo propter propinquitatem neceſsitas cogat ex rubris lapicidinis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5621" xml:space="preserve">Pallienſibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5622" xml:space="preserve">quæ ſunt
                <lb/>
              urbi proximæ copijs uti: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5623" xml:space="preserve">ſi qui uoluerint ſine uitijs perficere, ita erit præparandum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5624" xml:space="preserve">Cum ædificandum
                <lb/>
              fuerit, ante biennium ea ſaxa non hyeme, ſed æſtate eximantur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5625" xml:space="preserve">iacentia permaneant in locis paten-
                <lb/>
              tibus, quæ autem a tempeſtatibus eo biennio tacta læſa fuerint, ea in fundamenta conijciantur; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5626" xml:space="preserve">cætera
                <lb/>
              quæ non erunt uitiata, ab natura rerum probata, durare poterunt ſupra terram ædificata, nec ſolum ea
                <lb/>
              in quadratis lapidibus ſunt obſeruanda, ſed etiam in cæmentitijs ſtructuris.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5627" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5628" xml:space="preserve">Tractat de ædendis lapidibus, nam de ijs, quæ arte fiunt ſupra ſatis eſt dictum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5629" xml:space="preserve">Eos uero quia natura con-
                <lb/>
              ceduntur, ſuis uirtutibus diſtinguit, alios enim molles, duros alios, nonnullos temperatos dicit, hisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5630" xml:space="preserve">addit,
                <lb/>
              album, rubrum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5631" xml:space="preserve">nigrum tophum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5632" xml:space="preserve">mox quas utilitates, quique afferant exponit ratione appoſita ex rerum
                <lb/>
              initijs, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5633" xml:space="preserve">elementis: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5634" xml:space="preserve">demum quomodo probentur lapides docet, quæ omnia facillima ſunt in Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5635" xml:space="preserve">ſed dictioni
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.093-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.093-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              Architecti propria, nam nollem hoc uelalio aliquo loco Vitruuium obſeruari, tanquam elegantem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5636" xml:space="preserve">lati-
                <lb/>
              num, ſed tanquam Architectum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5637" xml:space="preserve">Lapidum, qui natura conſtant, Architecti etiam naturam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5638" xml:space="preserve">uſum con-
                <lb/>
              ſiderant, in qua re bipartita ratio nobis proponitur, nam & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5639" xml:space="preserve">tempus, quo eximuntur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5640" xml:space="preserve">uſus comparatio no-
                <lb/>
              bis explicanda eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5641" xml:space="preserve">prætereo autem lapides illos, qui cæmentitijs operibus aptiſunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5642" xml:space="preserve">eos adduco qui in stru
                <lb/>
              cturam ueniunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5643" xml:space="preserve">in lapidibus deſideramus, ut tempestatibus reſistant; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5644" xml:space="preserve">ventorum, imbrium, gelicidiorumq́;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5645" xml:space="preserve">uim perferant: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5646" xml:space="preserve">ſoliditatem operibus præstent: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5647" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5648" xml:space="preserve">ſuis quique locis collocentur, quarefit ut tempora eximen-
                <lb/>
              dorum lapidum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5649" xml:space="preserve">experimenta conſideranda ſint. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5650" xml:space="preserve">Hinc præceptum illud Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5651" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5652" xml:space="preserve">Catonis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5653" xml:space="preserve">{ Cum ædi-
                <lb/>
              ficandum fuerit, ante biennium ea ſaxa, non hyeme, ſed æstate eximantur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5654" xml:space="preserve">iacentia permaneant in locis
                <lb/>
              patentibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5655" xml:space="preserve">Et reliqua. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5656" xml:space="preserve">Niſi forte & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5657" xml:space="preserve">illud experimentum addendum ſit, ut ex ueterum ædificijs, potiusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5658" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              ex naturæ initijs lapidum uires iudicemus, conſideremusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5659" xml:space="preserve">quid uetustas attulerit, quodmaximum erit do-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.093-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.093-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              cumentum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5660" xml:space="preserve">Sed ad uſum ueniam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5661" xml:space="preserve">comparationem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5662" xml:space="preserve">Comparantur lapides inter ſe colore, perſpicuitate, odo-
                <lb/>
              re, pondere, duritie, aſperitate, tempore, uenarum numero, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5663" xml:space="preserve">qualitate. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5664" xml:space="preserve">De his ſingulis dicendum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5665" xml:space="preserve">Color
                <lb/>
              eſt qualitas in ſuperficie lapidis oculis apparens. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5666" xml:space="preserve">Albi lapides faciliores ſuntfuſcis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5667" xml:space="preserve">Nigri punctis emanan-
                <lb/>
              tibus, indomiti: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5668" xml:space="preserve">ſed angularibus guttis aſperſi ſunt firmiores, quam quigloboſas habent, guttæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5669" xml:space="preserve">ipſæpar-
                <lb/>
              uitate lapides probant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5670" xml:space="preserve">Aureæuero intermicantes ſcintillæ contumaces indicant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5671" xml:space="preserve"># Sed illud in colore ani-
                <lb/>
              maduertendum eſt, quod color omnis limpidus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5672" xml:space="preserve">expurgatus diuturnitatis index eſt: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5673" xml:space="preserve">Fuſcus lapis quo diſ-
                <lb/>
              creuit uena magis, eo plusferriest impatiens. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5674" xml:space="preserve">Diuerſitas autem colorum in lapidibus a diuerſa exhalatio-
                <lb/>
              ne, ex qua oriuntur, accidere ſolet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5675" xml:space="preserve">Fuſci enimaterreno aduſto, candidia puro atque aereo uelaqueo, ui-
                <lb/>
              rides ex humoris copia, rubeus a uehementi calore, non humente materia fit, cæruleus ex rubra natura coa-
                <lb/>
              leſcit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5676" xml:space="preserve"># Perſpicuitas, qualitas est luciperuia, cuius contrarium opacitas. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5677" xml:space="preserve">Siquis ergo perſpicuum lapi-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.093-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.093-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>