Vitruvius
,
De architectura libri decem
,
1567
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LIBER
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<
head
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xml:space
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">De priſcorum hominum uita, & de initijs humanitatis, atque
<
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tectorum, & incrementis eorum. # Cap. I.</
head
>
<
p
>
<
s
xml:id
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echoid-s4341
"
xml:space
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">HOmines, ueteri more, ut ferę in ſyluis,& </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4342
"
xml:space
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">ſpeluncis,& </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4343
"
xml:space
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">nemoribus naſcebantur, ciboq́; </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4344
"
xml:space
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">agre-
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ſti ueſcendo, uitam exigebant; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4345
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">interea quodam in loco ab tempeſtaribus, & </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4346
"
xml:space
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">uentis den-
<
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ſæ crebritatibus arbores agitatæ,& </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4347
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">inter ſe terentes ramos ignem excitauerunt,ex eo flã-
<
lb
/>
ma uehementi perterriti, qui circa eum locum fuerunt, ſunt fugati,poſtea re quieta pro-
<
lb
/>
<
note
position
="
left
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xlink:label
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note-514.01.080-01
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xlink:href
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note-514.01.080-01a
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xml:space
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">10</
note
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pius accedentes, cum animaduertiſſent commoditatem magnam eſſe corporibus, ad ignis teporem li-
<
lb
/>
gna adijcientes, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4348
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">eum conſeruantes alios adducebant, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4349
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">nutu monſtrantes oſtendebant quas habe-
<
lb
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rent ex eo utilitates. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4350
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">in eo hominum congreſſu cum profundebantur aliter e ſpiritu uoces, quotidiana
<
lb
/>
conſuetudine uocabula, ut obtigerant, conſtituerunt: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4351
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">deinde ſignificando res ſæpius in uſu ex euen-
<
lb
/>
tu fari fortuito cœperunt,& </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4352
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ita ſermones inter ſe proereauerunt. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4353
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Ergo cum propter ignis inuentio-
<
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/>
nem conuentus initio apud homines, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4354
"
xml:space
="
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">concilium, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4355
"
xml:space
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">conuictus eſſet natus, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4356
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">in unum locum plures
<
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/>
conuenirẽt, habentes a natura primum præter reliqua animalia, ut non proni, ſed erecti a mbularent,
<
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/>
mundiq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4357
"
xml:space
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">& </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4358
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">aſtrorum magnificentiam aſpicerent, item manibus, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4359
"
xml:space
="
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">articulis, quam uellent rem faci-
<
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litertractarent: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4360
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">cœperunt in eo cætu alij de fronde facere tecta, alij ſpeluncas fodere ſub montibus,
<
lb
/>
nonnulli hirundinum nidos, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4361
"
xml:space
="
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">ædificationes earum imitantes, de luto, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4362
"
xml:space
="
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">uirgultis facere loca, quæ
<
lb
/>
<
note
position
="
left
"
xlink:label
="
note-514.01.080-02
"
xlink:href
="
note-514.01.080-02a
"
xml:space
="
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">20</
note
>
ſubirent. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4363
"
xml:space
="
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">Tunc obſeruantes aliena tecta,& </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4364
"
xml:space
="
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">adijcientes ſuis cogitationibus res nouas, efficiebant in
<
lb
/>
dies meliora genera caſarum. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4365
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Cum eſſent autem homines imitabili, dociliq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4366
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">natura, quotidie inuen-
<
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/>
tionibus gloriantes, alijs alij oſtendebant ædiſiciorum effectus, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4367
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ita exercentes ingenia certationi-
<
lb
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bus, in dies melioribus iudicijs efficiebantur, primumq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4368
"
xml:space
="
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">furcis erectis, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4369
"
xml:space
="
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">uirgultis interpoſitis luto,
<
lb
/>
parietes texerunt. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4370
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Alij luteas glebas arefacientes ſtruebant parietes, materia eosiugumentantes, ui-
<
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/>
tandoq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4371
"
xml:space
="
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">imbres, & </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4372
"
xml:space
="
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">æſtus tegebant arundinibus,& </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4373
"
xml:space
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">fronde. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4374
"
xml:space
="
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">poſtea, quoniam per hybernas tempeſtates
<
lb
/>
tecta non poterant hymbres ſuſtinere, faſtigia facientes luto inducto, proclinatis tectis ſtillici-
<
lb
/>
dia deducebant.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4375
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xml:space
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</
p
>
<
p
style
="
it
">
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4376
"
xml:space
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">Hactenus ordine quodam miro, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4377
"
xml:space
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">artificio initium ædificandi, incrementum, & </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4378
"
xml:space
="
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">finem, quatenus huma-
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nænaturæ ſatis eſt,Vitruuius explicauit, ordine inquam miro, namq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4379
"
xml:space
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">statim cauſam, quæ homines in unum
<
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/>
<
note
position
="
left
"
xlink:label
="
note-514.01.080-03
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xlink:href
="
note-514.01.080-03a
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xml:space
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">30</
note
>
coegit, cætusq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
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xml:space
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">ſociauit, expoſuit: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4381
"
xml:space
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">ex qua re duo profecta ſunt homini maxime neceſſaria; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4382
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xml:space
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">ſermo ſcilicet,
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& </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
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xml:space
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">cognitio. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4384
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xml:space
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">Ex cognitione, qua præditum fuit humanum genus, ut omnia experiri, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4385
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xml:space
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">tentare poſſet, ſtu-
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dium, & </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
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xml:space
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">concertatio quædam orta est, qua in operibus utentes, artificium eduxere: </
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>
<
s
xml:id
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xml:space
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">Artificium enim ſtudio,
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& </
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>
<
s
xml:id
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xml:space
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">uſu comparatur. </
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>
<
s
xml:id
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xml:space
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">Vnde Vitr. </
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>
<
s
xml:id
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xml:space
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">cap. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
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xml:space
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">primo libri decimi inquit. </
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<
s
xml:id
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xml:space
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"># {Et ita quæ animaduerterunt ad uſum uti-
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lia eße, ſtudys, artibus, inſtitutis gradatim augenda doctrinis curauerunt.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4393
"
xml:space
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">} # Ex quo loco ſatis patet Vitru-
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uium hac quoque parte eundem ordinem ſeruaſſe, ut prius quæ natura exigeret, explicandum ſibi duceret,
<
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/>
mox ad maiores commoditates, inde ad luxum pergeret oſtendendum. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4394
"
xml:space
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">Vnde ibi quoque dixit. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4395
"
xml:space
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"># {Attendamus
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enim primum inuentum de neceſſitate, ut ueſtitus, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4396
"
xml:space
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">reliqua.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4397
"
xml:space
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">} # Patet inſuper nos recte in primo uolumine
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artis originem declaraſſe: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
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xml:space
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">ſed ad interpretationem quorundam uerborum accedamus condonantes Vitru-
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uio tanquam Architecto multa non ad Grammaticorum normam elaborata. </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
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xml:space
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">Interim quoque animaduertens,
<
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<
note
position
="
left
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="
note-514.01.080-04
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xlink:href
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note-514.01.080-04a
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">40</
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>
quod licet inferius initia ædificandi, ita fuiſſe probet, ut dixit, non tamen comprobauit. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4400
"
xml:space
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">Et illud quod attulit
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de initijs humanitatis, & </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
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xml:space
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">congreſſionis hominum, quos ignis utilitate illectos ſimul conueniſſe dicit. </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4402
"
xml:space
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">alia enim
<
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forte, certiorq́; </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4403
"
xml:space
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">cauſa, ut pote a natura profecta nos ducit, ut credamus hominem natura ſociale animal in
<
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unum cætum ueniſſe, ut quiſque promeret quod alteri opus eſſet, acciperetq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4404
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">aliunde, quod ipſe præstare non
<
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poſſet. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4405
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xml:space
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">At poeticum quoddam induxit Vitru. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4406
"
xml:space
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">qui etiam caſu, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4407
"
xml:space
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">fortuito ſermonem inductum fuiſſe dicit. </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4408
"
xml:space
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">Cæ-
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terum dixerim ego uocem a natura, ſermonem ab inſtitutione ortum ſumpſiſſe. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4409
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Institutio autem ſermonis ſi-
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ue a natura rei, ſiue ab eo, quod cuique placuit profecta ſit, nihil ad nos modo attinet: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4410
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">illud tamen obſeruan-
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dum est in Vitr. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4411
"
xml:space
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">quod ſiue doctrina, ſiue ingenio ductus fuerit, ordinem quendam oſtendit, in quo quadruplex
<
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rerum perfectio declaratur. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4412
"
xml:space
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">Perficiuntur enimres primo ut ſint, mox ut agere appetant, inde ut aptitudi-
<
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nem quandam habeant,& </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4413
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">uim ad agendum, poſtremo ut ſecundum eam uim, facultatemq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
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xml:space
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">agant, & </
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>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4415
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xml:space
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">finem
<
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<
note
position
="
left
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xlink:label
="
note-514.01.080-05
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xlink:href
="
note-514.01.080-05a
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xml:space
="
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">50</
note
>
agendo conſequantur. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4416
"
xml:space
="
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">Patent igitur hæc omnia in Vitr. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4417
"
xml:space
="
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">conſe quenter. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4418
"
xml:space
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">cum dicit. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4419
"
xml:space
="
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"># {Ergo cum propter ignis
<
lb
/>
inuentionem conuentus initio} hic ponit homines eſſe. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4420
"
xml:space
="
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">At cum dicit. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4421
"
xml:space
="
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"># {Habentes a natura præter reliqua
<
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/>
animalia, ut non proni ſed erecti, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4422
"
xml:space
="
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">reliqua.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4423
"
xml:space
="
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">} Item {manibus, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4424
"
xml:space
="
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">articulis. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4425
"
xml:space
="
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">} tangit aptitudinem, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4426
"
xml:space
="
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">im-
<
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/>
petum: </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4427
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Mox actiones ſubdit. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4428
"
xml:space
="
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"># {Obſeruanles aliena tecta,} quibus actionibus finem adepti ſunt, ut quæ ſibi
<
lb
/>
conuenirent, agerent. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4429
"
xml:space
="
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"># {Primumq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4430
"
xml:space
="
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">furcis erectis, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4431
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">uirgultis interpoſitis. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4432
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">} Hic mos etiam nunc ſeruatur
<
lb
/>
a monticolis, & </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4433
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ab ijs, quos premit inopia. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4434
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">Furca autem dicitur omne id, quo quid fulcitur,& </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4435
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">ſuſtentatur, in
<
lb
/>
modum furcæ factum. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4436
"
xml:space
="
preserve
"># {Materia iugumentantes} ideſt ſubstratis lignis, ac ordine quodam inuicem col-
<
lb
/>
locatis tranſuerſario, directeq́; </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4437
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">opus contineri faciebant, ut luteas glebas ſuſtineret, hoc in Anglia cernimus,
<
lb
/>
& </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4438
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">tunc temporis etiam fieri Vitr. </
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4439
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">affirmat, inquit enim.</
s
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4440
"
xml:space
="
preserve
"/>
</
p
>
<
p
>
<
s
xml:id
="
echoid-s4441
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">
<
emph
style
="
sc
">Haec</
emph
>
autem ex ijs, quæ ſupra ſcripta ſunt originibus inſtituta eſle, poſſumus ſic animaduertere,
<
lb
/>
<
note
position
="
left
"
xlink:label
="
note-514.01.080-06
"
xlink:href
="
note-514.01.080-06a
"
xml:space
="
preserve
">60</
note
>
quod ad hunc diem nationibus exteris ex his rebus ædificia conſtituuntur, ut in Gallia, Hiſpania, </
s
>
</
p
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
text
>
</
echo
>
