Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div200" type="section" level="2" n="51">
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5020" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="56" file="514.01.088" n="88" rhead="LIBER"/>
              tur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5021" xml:space="preserve">hoc dico, quod licet foßitia præſtet, quæ optimax ſit, alijs, fieri tamen potest ex locorum ui, ut foffitia
                <lb/>
              quædam cedat meliorn marinæ, uel fluuiali. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5022" xml:space="preserve">Vnde ſtatim ſubiungit Albertus, ſed eius regionis non omni ex
                <lb/>
              littore deſſumptam probant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5023" xml:space="preserve">ratio ab effectu, nam inquit , Compertum quidem habent , littoribus, quæ ad
                <lb/>
              Austros excipien dos pateant, arenam eſſe omnium deterrimam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5024" xml:space="preserve">De generibus arenæ ſatis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5025" xml:space="preserve">Nunc de colori-
                <lb/>
              bus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5026" xml:space="preserve">qualitatibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5027" xml:space="preserve">Arena cana, nigra, carbunculus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5028" xml:space="preserve">glarea. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5029" xml:space="preserve">Cana inter foßitias ultima eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5030" xml:space="preserve">animad-
                <lb/>
              uerſum eſt Romæ publicis ædificijs uſos non in poſtremis rubra, nigra ſatis commoda poſt canam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5031" xml:space="preserve">Commodior
                <lb/>
              eſt carbunculus terræ perustægenus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5032" xml:space="preserve">Glaream fundamentis aptam uolunt, quare ſi arenam ad uſus diuer-
                <lb/>
              ſos comparare studium ſit, animaduertermus primum carbunculum obtinere locum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5033" xml:space="preserve">Marina ægre ſiccetſcit,
                <lb/>
              illicor madet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5034" xml:space="preserve">diſſoluitur, onerum quoque impatiens eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5035" xml:space="preserve">Fluuialis non adeo ut marina humens, ſed foſſitia
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.088-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.088-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              planè ductibilior, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5036" xml:space="preserve">magis idonea in tectorijs. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5037" xml:space="preserve">Verum quæ ex foſſa eximitur tenax eſt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5038" xml:space="preserve">cum ſit recens
                <lb/>
              optimos uſus præſtat, nam tempeſtatibus exempta ut diu manet abſumitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5039" xml:space="preserve">in terram tranſit, unde aſperi-
                <lb/>
              tatem amittit, terramq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5040" xml:space="preserve">colore, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5041" xml:space="preserve">odore imitatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5042" xml:space="preserve">in aquam coniecta, limum facit, nec ulla ratione uti-
                <lb/>
              lis eſt . </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5043" xml:space="preserve">Atque hæc de arena ſatis, nam reliqua in Vitruuio patent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5044" xml:space="preserve">{ In cæmentitijs ſtructuris } Forte Vit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5045" xml:space="preserve">non ſtatim de lapidibus, quæ a natura fiunt loquutus eſt, quia & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5046" xml:space="preserve">genera erant quædam lapidum minuta, quæ
                <lb/>
              nec dignitatem eam conſequuta erant, quam magni lapides, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5047" xml:space="preserve">marmora, quæ ornamento, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5048" xml:space="preserve">firmitati ædi
                <lb/>
              ficiorum maxime conſulunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5049" xml:space="preserve">Eſt autem cæmentum´ut ait Herm. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5050" xml:space="preserve">in caſtig. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5051" xml:space="preserve">ex Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5052" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5053" xml:space="preserve">Plinio lapidis genus, quo
                <lb/>
              cum alibitum Romæ utuntur, exciſo monte aliquo, uel effoſſo: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5054" xml:space="preserve">important eum quotidie iumenta, fodinas
                <lb/>
              quoque ipſas ruſtici Campaniæ cæmentarias appellant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5055" xml:space="preserve">Cum igitur & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5056" xml:space="preserve">lateribus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5057" xml:space="preserve">cæmentis ſtructuræ fiant,
                <lb/>
              quas nos mur aturas appellamus, meritò poſtquam de lateribus dixit, de arena quoque ſtatim, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5058" xml:space="preserve">de calce tra-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.088-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.088-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              ctauit: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5059" xml:space="preserve">nam ex arena, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5060" xml:space="preserve">calce intritum ex intrito ſtructura conficitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5061" xml:space="preserve">Quemadmodum uero lateres ex
                <lb/>
              tenaci terra duci debent, ſic arena nihil terræ habere debet, unde optimæ arenæ ſignum eſt, digitis confricatæ
                <lb/>
              ſtridor, qui ſanè ab aſperitate profiſiciſcitur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5062" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5063" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Item</emph>
              ſi in ueſtimentum candidum coniecta fuerit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5064" xml:space="preserve">Aliud idone æ arenæ ſignum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5065" xml:space="preserve">{ Sin autem non
                <lb/>
              erunt arenaria. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5066" xml:space="preserve">} Ideſt foſſæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5067" xml:space="preserve">loca unde eximuntur arenæ, nam non omnibus in locis arenæ foſſitiæ com-
                <lb/>
              moditates habemus, nam tota Italia ab ea parte, quæ ad meridiem uergit, foſſitiam reperiri arenam teſtantur,
                <lb/>
              ab Appenino citra non reperiri. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5068" xml:space="preserve">Cum igitur foſſitiæ nobis deſunt, tunc de fluminibus extrahenda, uel e gla-
                <lb/>
              rea excernenda erit, uel demum e littoribus; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5069" xml:space="preserve">ita enim fert neceſſitas, ut cum optimam habere nequeamus,
                <lb/>
              minus malam ſeligamus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5070" xml:space="preserve">{ Sed ea in structuris hæc habet uitia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5071" xml:space="preserve">} Oſtendit incommoda fluuialis arenæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5072" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              glareoſæ, ægre enim areſcunt, onera non ſuſtinent, concamerationes non recipiunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5073" xml:space="preserve">ex primo uitio hæc duo po-
                <lb/>
              steriora contrahit, nam ſi ſicceſceret onus obdurata ſuſciperet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5074" xml:space="preserve">inde quoque ad cõcamerationes apta redde
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.088-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.088-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              retur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5075" xml:space="preserve">{ Niſi intermiſſionibus requieſcat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5076" xml:space="preserve">} Opus enim est, ut ſtructura ſolideſcat, quare non continuanda
                <lb/>
              eſt fabriaca, ſed intermittenda, dum enim madet, non fert onera. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5077" xml:space="preserve">hoc in primis maritimis locis obſeruandum
                <lb/>
              eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5078" xml:space="preserve">{ Marina autem hoc amplius. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5079" xml:space="preserve">} Ideo corrigenda, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5080" xml:space="preserve">lacuna humoris dulcis immergenda , ut aquarum
                <lb/>
              dulcedine lota ſalſuginem deponat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5081" xml:space="preserve">{ Foſſitiæ uero celeriter in structuris ſicceſcunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5082" xml:space="preserve">tectoria permanent,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5083" xml:space="preserve">concamerationes patiuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5084" xml:space="preserve">} Connumerantur ſoſſitiæ commoda, ſed ea ratione, ut de recentibus intelli-
                <lb/>
              gamus, nam inquit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5085" xml:space="preserve">{ Si enim exempt æ diutius iaceant, ab Sole, Luna, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5086" xml:space="preserve">pruina concoctæ reſoluuntur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5087" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5088" xml:space="preserve">fiunt terroſæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5089" xml:space="preserve">} Quæ res multas affert incommoditates, nam ruunt, quia non continent cæmenta, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5090" xml:space="preserve">la-
                <lb/>
              buntur, unde onera non ſuſtinent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5091" xml:space="preserve">quæ uitia recentibus non inſunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5092" xml:space="preserve">Sed hæ quoque uitioſæ ſunt, non in stru-
                <lb/>
              cturis, ſed in opere tectorio, nam cum ob uehementem uim calcis paleæ commixtæ, quàmcelerrime inareſcant
                <lb/>
              rimas faciunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5093" xml:space="preserve">Quid autem in tectorijs rimis turpius? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5094" xml:space="preserve">cum plana, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5095" xml:space="preserve">perpolita, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5096" xml:space="preserve">cohærentia eſſe debeant?
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5097" xml:space="preserve">
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.088-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.088-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              { Fluuiatica uero propter macritatem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5098" xml:space="preserve">} Cum recentes foſſitiæ non apte in tectoria inducantur, fluuniales in
                <lb/>
              his operibus ſunt comparandæ, nam macræ cum ſint, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5099" xml:space="preserve">bacillis ſubigantur, non ſecus tectorijs firmitatem
                <lb/>
              afferunt, ac opus quod ſigninum nominatur, quod ex testis contuſis addita calce fieri ſolet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5100" xml:space="preserve">Cum Plin. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5101" xml:space="preserve">dicat
                <lb/>
              lib. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5102" xml:space="preserve">3 5. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5103" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5104" xml:space="preserve">12. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5105" xml:space="preserve">Quid non excogitauit ars? </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5106" xml:space="preserve">fractis; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5107" xml:space="preserve">etiam testis utendo , ſic ut firmius durent, tuſis calce addi-
                <lb/>
              ta, quæ uocant ſignina, quo genere etiam pauimenta excogitauit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5108" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
          </div>
          <div xml:id="echoid-div204" type="section" level="2" n="52">
            <head xml:id="echoid-head53" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De calce, & unde coquatur optima. # Cap. V.</head>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5109" xml:space="preserve">DE arenæ copijs cum habeatur explicatum; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5110" xml:space="preserve">tum etiam de calce diligentia eſt adhibenda uti
                <lb/>
              de albo ſaxo, aut ſilice coquatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5111" xml:space="preserve">quæ erit ex ſpiſſo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5112" xml:space="preserve">duriore, erit utilior in ſtructu-
                <lb/>
              ra. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5113" xml:space="preserve">Quæ autem ex fiſtuloſo in tectorijs. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5114" xml:space="preserve">Cum ea erit extincta, tunc materiæ ita immi-
                <lb/>
              ſceatur, ut ſi erit ſoſsitia, tres arenæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5115" xml:space="preserve">una calcis confundatur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5116" xml:space="preserve">ſi autem fluuiatica, aut
                <lb/>
              marina, duæ arenæ in unam calcis conijciantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5117" xml:space="preserve">Ita enim erit iuſta ratio mixtionis temperaturæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5118" xml:space="preserve">Etiã
                <lb/>
              in fluuiatica, aut marina, ſi quis teſtam tuſam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5119" xml:space="preserve">ſuccretam ex tertia parte adijecerit, efficiet mate-
                <lb/>
              riæ temperaturam ad uſum meliorem.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5120" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5121" xml:space="preserve">Pauca de calce commemorat Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5122" xml:space="preserve">prius de qua materia fiat, post quomodo corrigatur exponit, inde cau-
                <lb/>
              ſam quandam adducit, e rerum initijs, ut effectum quendam declaret. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5123" xml:space="preserve">Nos de calce in uniuerſum agemus,
                <lb/>
              materiem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5124" xml:space="preserve">uim eius explicantes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5125" xml:space="preserve">mox comparationes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5126" xml:space="preserve">modos quoſdam adijcieimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5127" xml:space="preserve">Albertus unà de
                <lb/>
              calce, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5128" xml:space="preserve">gypſo mentionem facit, nos aliud in tempus conſider ationem gypſi transferemus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s5129" xml:space="preserve">Gypſum enim ad
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.088-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.088-05a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
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