Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14437" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="192" file="514.01.224" n="224" rhead="LIBER"/>
              magnis theatris aſolo erigendus eſt paries altus nona ſemidiametri orchestræ, ſed in minoribus theatris ſeptem
                <lb/>
              pedes illum eße parietem erigendum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14438" xml:space="preserve">ſupra eos parietes gradus ordiendi ſunt, eamenſura, quam Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14439" xml:space="preserve">docuit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14440" xml:space="preserve">Hanc intentionem uidetur Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14441" xml:space="preserve">innuere ſupra Cap. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14442" xml:space="preserve">tertio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14443" xml:space="preserve">hoc loco etiam, cum loquitur de ea præciſion e,
                <lb/>
              quæ apertionibus itinerum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14444" xml:space="preserve">aſcenſionum datur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14445" xml:space="preserve">De longitudine autem ſcenæ illud statuit, quod dupla ad
                <lb/>
              diametron orcheſtræ eſſe debet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14446" xml:space="preserve">Vnde ſi diametros erit pedum 60. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14447" xml:space="preserve">longitudo ſcenæ erit pedum 120. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14448" xml:space="preserve">nam
                <unsure/>
                <lb/>
              60. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14449" xml:space="preserve">pedes diametro reſpondebunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14450" xml:space="preserve">30. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14451" xml:space="preserve">utrinque dabuntur reſpondentes cornubus theatri. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14452" xml:space="preserve">Inde alti-
                <lb/>
              tudo podij præſinitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14453" xml:space="preserve">Podium quid ſit iam diximus,nostri parapettum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14454" xml:space="preserve">poggium uocant in fronte ſcenæ,
                <lb/>
              @uius inferior pars ad orcheſtram pertinens, est pulpitum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14455" xml:space="preserve">Supra pulpitum ergo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14456" xml:space="preserve">ab eius libramento ad
                <lb/>
              faciem ſpectatorum podium est erigendum duodecima orchestræ parte, quinque pedes altum eſt pulpitum ſu-
                <lb/>
              pra aream orcheſtræ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14457" xml:space="preserve">quinque pedes podium ſupra aream pulpiti. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14458" xml:space="preserve">Et hoc loco eſt conſiderandum orche-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.224-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.224-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              stræ diametron eße modulum theatri. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14459" xml:space="preserve">Altum igitur est pulpitum duodecima orcheſtræ diametri cum corona,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14460" xml:space="preserve">undula, ſeu cymatio. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14461" xml:space="preserve">Lix Græce, lata eſt petra, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14462" xml:space="preserve">obliqua,quod ſi Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14463" xml:space="preserve">Lijxis diceret, eam podij petram
                <lb/>
              intelligere poßemus planam, cui cubitis innitimur dum a podio ſpectamus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14464" xml:space="preserve">Columnæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14465" xml:space="preserve">capitula,& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14466" xml:space="preserve">baſes
                <lb/>
              alt
                <unsure/>
              æ ſint quarta diametri orcheſtræ parte, ita quindecim eſſent pedum, ſi diameter orcheſtræ eſſet 60. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14467" xml:space="preserve">in-
                <lb/>
              ſuper has columnas ſecundus columnarum or do imponebatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14468" xml:space="preserve">illa pars ſuperior dicebatur epiſcenos, qua-
                <lb/>
              ſi ſupra ſcenam, uel ſcenæ additamentum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14469" xml:space="preserve">in amplioribus theatris ad tertium ordinem columnarum aſcen-
                <lb/>
              debatur, quouſque tectum porticus theatri æquarent, immo ijſdem menſuris circa theatrum continuatur, ideo
                <lb/>
              de illis modulis non facit mentionem Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14470" xml:space="preserve">quoniam eædem ſunt tertiæ epiſcenos. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14471" xml:space="preserve">ex ſcbiographbia theatri ſupra
                <lb/>
              poſita multa intelligentur, quæ bactenus dicta ſunt, quanquam in altitudinibus columnarum aliquantum ua-
                <lb/>
              rijfuimus, ob eam rationem, quæ ſequenti loco a Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14472" xml:space="preserve">dicitur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14473" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14474" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Nec</emph>
              tamen in omnibus theatris ſymmetriæ ad omnes rationes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14475" xml:space="preserve">effectus poſſuntreſpondere ſed
                <lb/>
              oportet Architectum animaduertere, quibus proportionibus neceſſe ſit ſequi ſymmetriam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14476" xml:space="preserve">quibus
                <lb/>
              rationibus ad loci naturam, aut magnitudinem opus debeat temperari. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14477" xml:space="preserve">Sunt enim res quas in puſillo,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14478" xml:space="preserve">in magno theatro neceſſe eſt eadem magnitudine ſieri propter uſum, uti gradus, diazomata, plu-
                <lb/>
              teos, itinera, aſcenſus, pulpita, tribunalia, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14479" xml:space="preserve">ſi qua alia intercurrunt, ex quibus neceſsitas cogit di-
                <lb/>
              ſcedere ab ſymmetria, ne impediatur uſus; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14480" xml:space="preserve">Non minus ſi qua exiguitas copiarum, ideſt marmoris ma-
                <lb/>
              teriæ, reliquarumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14481" xml:space="preserve">rerum, quæ parantur in opere, deſuerint, paulum demere, aut adijcere, dum id
                <lb/>
              ne nimium improbe ſiat, ſed cum ſenſu, non erit alienum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14482" xml:space="preserve">Hoc autem erit, ſi Architectus erit uſu pe-
                <lb/>
              ritus, præterea ingenio mobili, ſolertiaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14483" xml:space="preserve">non erit uiduatus.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14484" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14485" xml:space="preserve">Hinc est, quod qui antiquorum opera intuetur, inuenitq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14486" xml:space="preserve">aliquid, quod extra Vitruuiana præcepta ui-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.224-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.224-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              deatur, non debet quàm primum aut Vitruuium, aut opera improbare, quoniam non poteſt ſciri quid, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14487" xml:space="preserve">quan
                <lb/>
              tum neceſſitas afferebat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14488" xml:space="preserve">quam rationem in corpore integro membrum haberet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14489" xml:space="preserve">Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14490" xml:space="preserve">præuidit hornines
                <lb/>
              buiuſcemodi uenturos, quare ubiq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14491" xml:space="preserve">postquam ſymmetrias explicauit, monet nos animaduertere debere, quo-
                <lb/>
              modo illa moderatione uti debemus, quam neceſſitas adducit, ſiue in forma rei comparanda ad loci rationem,
                <lb/>
              ſiue in materia & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14492" xml:space="preserve">copijs utendis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14493" xml:space="preserve">Plura uſus poſtulat, quæ omnino ad unguem obſeruanda, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14494" xml:space="preserve">facienda ſunt,
                <lb/>
              nam & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14495" xml:space="preserve">gradus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14496" xml:space="preserve">præcinctiones, quas modo diazomata uocat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14497" xml:space="preserve">aſcenſus itineraq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14498" xml:space="preserve">, podia item, pulpitaq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14499" xml:space="preserve">,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14500" xml:space="preserve">tribunalia, quæ ſunt partes illæ omnes, ad quas per gradus aſcendimus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14501" xml:space="preserve">buiuſmodi alia neceſſario tam in
                <lb/>
              magno, quàm in paruo theatro requiruntur, reliqua non item, quorum opus ad uſum non ſpectat, ſed ad orna-
                <lb/>
              tum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14502" xml:space="preserve">ad loci opportunitatem.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14503" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14504" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Ipsae</emph>
              autem ſcenæ ſuas habent rationes explicatas, ita uti mediæ ualuæ ornatus habeant aulæ re-
                <lb/>
              giæ, dextra, ac ſiniſtra hoſpitalia, ſecundum autem ea ſpatia ad ornatus comparata (quæ loca Græci
                <lb/>
              περιάκτ{ou}ς dicunt, ab eo, quod machinæ ſunt in his locis uerſatiles trigonos habentes) in ſingula tres
                <lb/>
              ſint ſpecies ornationis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14505" xml:space="preserve">quæ cum aut ſabularum mutationes ſunt ſuturæ, ſeu Deorum aduentus cum
                <lb/>
              tonitribus repentinis, uerſentur, mutentq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14506" xml:space="preserve">ſpeciem ornationis in frontes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14507" xml:space="preserve">Secundum ea loca uerſuræ
                <lb/>
              ſunt pro
                <unsure/>
              currentes, quæ eſſiciunt una a ſoro, altera a peregre aditus in ſcenam.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14508" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14509" xml:space="preserve">Valuæ mediæ, quæ medio cuneo e quinque ſcenæ attributis reſpondet, ab ornamentis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14510" xml:space="preserve">amplitudine, quam
                <lb/>
              habebant, regiæ dicebantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14511" xml:space="preserve">Vtrinque aliæ portæ erant concharum modo, quas Nichios dicimus, ita pro
                <lb/>
              fronte ſcenæ tres erant apertiones, ante quas in ſingulis machinæ erant collocatæ triangulares axibus uerſa-
                <lb/>
              tiles, in ſingulis earum frontibus picturæ erant ſecundum fabularum, quas agebant, opportunitatem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14512" xml:space="preserve">nam
                <lb/>
              in una comica ſcena, pro comœdijs, in altera tragica pro tragœdijs, in tertia ſatyrica pro ſatyris deſignabatur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14513" xml:space="preserve">
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.224-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.224-04a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              Vertebantur illæ facies, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14514" xml:space="preserve">ab illis machinis Dij loquebantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14515" xml:space="preserve">Tonitrua in eorum aduenlu fiebant, utribus,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14516" xml:space="preserve">pellibus corijs inflatis, calculisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14517" xml:space="preserve">repletis, uelictibus percuſſis, quos nos tamburros nominamus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14518" xml:space="preserve">Itaque
                <lb/>
              decorum ſeruabant, Deos inuiſibiles tantum audientes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14519" xml:space="preserve">Ita pro machina in Aiace Flagillifero Vliffi Minerua
                <lb/>
              loquitur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14520" xml:space="preserve">non uidetur, aitq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14521" xml:space="preserve">Vlißes uocem Deæ perſimilem eſſe tyrrenicæ æreæ tubæ, quæ horrorem ſonitu
                <lb/>
              incutere ſolet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14522" xml:space="preserve">Hœmachinæ igitur conuertebantur, ideo græce periactus dicunt, dabantq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14523" xml:space="preserve">aditibus locum,
                <lb/>
              vias reſerentes, unam a foro, alteram aliunde.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s14524" xml:space="preserve"/>
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