Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div526" type="section" level="2" n="89">
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15003" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="201" file="514.01.233" n="233" rhead="QVINTVS."/>
              Extra autem diſponantur porticus tres, una ex periſty lio exeuntibus, duæ dextra;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15004" xml:space="preserve">, atque finiſtra ſtadia
                <lb/>
              tis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15005" xml:space="preserve">Ex quibus una, quæ ſpectauerit ad ſeptentrionem, perficiatur duplex ampliſsima latitudine; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15006" xml:space="preserve">al-
                <lb/>
              tera ſimplex ita facta, uti in partibus, quæ fuerint circa parietes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15007" xml:space="preserve">quæ erunt ad columnas, margines
                <lb/>
              habeant uti ſemitas, non minus pedum denum, mediumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15008" xml:space="preserve">excauatum, uti gradus bini ſint in deſcen-
                <lb/>
              ſu ſeſquipedali a marginibus ad planitiem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15009" xml:space="preserve">Quæ planicies ſit ne minus lata pedum duodecim. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15010" xml:space="preserve">Ita qui
                <lb/>
              ueſtiti ambulauerint in marginibus, non impedientur ab cunctis ſe exercentibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15011" xml:space="preserve">Hæc autem porti-
                <lb/>
              cus xyſtos apud Græcos uocitatur, quod Athletæ per hyberna tempora in tectis ſtadijs exercen-
                <lb/>
              tur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15012" xml:space="preserve">Facienda autem xyſta ſic uidentur, ut ſint inter duas porticus ſyluæ, aut platanones, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15013" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              in his perficiantur inter arbores ambulationes, ibiq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15014" xml:space="preserve">ex opere ſignino ſtationes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15015" xml:space="preserve">Proxime au-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.233-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.233-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              tem xyſtum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15016" xml:space="preserve">duplicem porticum deſignentur hypæthræ ambulationes, quas Græci peridro-
                <lb/>
              midas, noſtri xyſtæ appellant, in quas per hyemem e x xyſto ſereno cœlo athletæ prodeuntes exer-
                <lb/>
              centur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15017" xml:space="preserve">poſt xyſtum autem ſtadium, ita figuratum, ut poſsint hominum copiæ cum laxamento A thle-
                <lb/>
              tas certantes ſpectare. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15018" xml:space="preserve">Quæ in mœnibus neceſſaria uidebantur eſſe, ut a ptè diſponantur, perſcripſi.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15019" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15020" xml:space="preserve">Satis aperte, ac explicate Vitruuius, ut ipſe pollicetur, de palæstris, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15021" xml:space="preserve">xyſtis Græcorum more conſtitutis,
                <lb/>
              ſermonem habet, ita ut quorundam uocabulorum declaratio cum diagrammate ſatis eſſe poſsit, ad intelligen-
                <lb/>
              tiam eorum, quæ hoc capite continentur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15022" xml:space="preserve">#Exedræ a ſedium frequentia ſic appellatæ, loca ſunt amplæ ma-
                <lb/>
              gnitudinis, quæ ſi in publicis operibus numer antur, ut hoc loco, ſpatioſæ eſſe debent, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15023" xml:space="preserve">habere ſedes, in quibus
                <lb/>
              philoſophi, rhetores, reliquiq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15024" xml:space="preserve">, qui ſtudijs delectantur, ſedentes diſputare poſſint. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15025" xml:space="preserve">Earum figuram referunt, quæ
                <lb/>
              in cœnobijs uocantur capitula, ut ait Philander. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15026" xml:space="preserve">ſi uerò in priuatorum ædibus cenſentur, loca ſunt ad collo-
                <lb/>
              quendum per æſtatem cum amicis, aut ad meridiandum, ideſt in meridie dormiendum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15027" xml:space="preserve">periſtylia ſunt loca
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.233-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.233-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              columnis clauſa, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15028" xml:space="preserve">undique ſepta, qualia ſunt monachorum clauſtra. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15029" xml:space="preserve">Diaulon intelligit Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15030" xml:space="preserve">locum duo ſta-
                <lb/>
              dia continentem in circuitione ambulationis, ideſt periſtylia illa ſiue quadrata, ſiue oblonga, ſint, debent ha-
                <lb/>
              bere in circuitionem ſpatium duorum stadiorum, ideſt quartam miliarij partem, hoc est paſſus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15031" xml:space="preserve">250, { In
                <lb/>
              duplici porticu } idest duplici columnarum ordine, hæc membra collocentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15032" xml:space="preserve">Ephæbeum ubi puberes exer-
                <lb/>
              centur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15033" xml:space="preserve">Coriceum eſt locus ubi puellæ exercentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15034" xml:space="preserve">quod non placet, quia non erat conſuetudo ut puellæ ſe exer
                <lb/>
              cerent, niſi fallor, coreum dicere potius oporteret, ſi a puellis locus nominaretur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15035" xml:space="preserve">unde alij interpretantur co-
                <lb/>
              ryceum pro loco, ubipila exercebantur, ut ait Philander, nam Græci coricum pilam uento conflatam uocant,
                <lb/>
              quæ Latinis follis dicitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15036" xml:space="preserve">placeret hæc interpretatio, ſi loci amplitudo hoc ludi genus ferre poſſet, niſi forte non
                <lb/>
              follem ſed pilam intelligas. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15037" xml:space="preserve">qui ludus in minori area fieri poteſt, ut rachetæ ludus Gallice proprius. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15038" xml:space="preserve">quod ſi
                <lb/>
              coureum malis, tonstrinam intelligito. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15039" xml:space="preserve">coniſterium a conis, ubi puluere post unctionem luctaturi aſpergebantur,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.233-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.233-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              ut prehenſiones eſſent firmiores, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15040" xml:space="preserve">non lubricæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15041" xml:space="preserve">Eleotheſium, hoc eſt unctuarium, locus ubi cerato oleo ,
                <lb/>
              quod ceroma dicunt, perfundebantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15042" xml:space="preserve">propigneum legerẽ prophigeum, nam phigeos, hoc eſt furni, mentionem
                <lb/>
              fecit lihro decimo, ubi de machina hydraulica loquitur, quod nomen Heroni est familiare. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15043" xml:space="preserve">ita ut prophigeum
                <lb/>
              præfurnium ſignificet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15044" xml:space="preserve">locum, ubi ignis præcluſum æſtuat, licet lihro decimo furnum ſimilitudine quadam
                <lb/>
              uocauit partem illam machinæ, ut ſuo loco patebit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15045" xml:space="preserve">Porticus stadiatæ ſic dicuntur, quod in eis, ceu tectis ſta-
                <lb/>
              dijs per hyemem turbato cœlo athletæ exer cerentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15046" xml:space="preserve">Platanones, loci platanis conſiti. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15047" xml:space="preserve">Xyſtus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15048" xml:space="preserve">xyſtum apud
                <lb/>
              Latinos diſcrimine aliquo ſeparantur, nam latini xystos uocant porticus tectas, ubi athletæ per hyemem exer-
                <lb/>
              cebantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15049" xml:space="preserve">Xyſta uero ſubdiales, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15050" xml:space="preserve">hypæthras ambulationes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15051" xml:space="preserve">reliqua ex deſcriptione erunt maniſeſta.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15052" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
          </div>
          <div xml:id="echoid-div529" type="section" level="2" n="90">
            <head xml:id="echoid-head93" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De portubus, & ſtructuris in aqua faciendis.
              <lb/>
            Cap.#XII.</head>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15053" xml:space="preserve">DE opportunitate autem portuum, non eſt prætermittendum, ſed quibus rationibus tuean
                <lb/>
              tur naues in his ab tempeſtatibus, explicandum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15054" xml:space="preserve">Hiautem naturaliter ſi ſint poſiti, ha-
                <lb/>
              beantq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15055" xml:space="preserve">acroteria, ſiue promontoria procurrentia, ex quibus introrſus curuaturæ, ſiue uer
                <lb/>
              ſuræ ex loci natura ſuerint conformatæ, maximas utilitates ui dentur habere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15056" xml:space="preserve">Circum enim
                <lb/>
              porticus, ſiue naualia ſunt facienda, ſiue ex porticibus aditus ad emporia, turresq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15057" xml:space="preserve">ex utraque parte
                <lb/>
              collocandæ, ex quibus catenæ traduci per machinas poſsint. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15058" xml:space="preserve">Sinautem non naturalem locum, neque
                <lb/>
              idoneum ad tuendas ab tempeſtatibus naues habuerimus, ita uidetur eſſe faciendum, uti ſi nullum ſlu-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.233-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.233-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              men in his locis impedierit, ſed erit ex una parte ſtatio, tunc ex altera parte ſtructuris, ſiue aggeribus,
                <lb/>
              expediantur progreſſus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15059" xml:space="preserve">ita conformandæ portuum concluſiones.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15060" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15061" xml:space="preserve">Conſtruendi portus finis est, ut naues a uentis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15062" xml:space="preserve">tempestatibus tutæ ſint. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15063" xml:space="preserve">Ideo portus tutus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15064" xml:space="preserve">capax eſſe
                <lb/>
              debet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15065" xml:space="preserve">Securitas, uel naturalis eſt, uel arte adiuuatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15066" xml:space="preserve">natur alis a ſitu, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15067" xml:space="preserve">natura loci uidetur pendere, cum
                <lb/>
              locus ſinuoſus est, arcuatusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15068" xml:space="preserve">in cornua, quæ alta ſint, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15069" xml:space="preserve">promontorij ſpeciem habeant, in mare promineant,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15070" xml:space="preserve">later a ſinuum a uentis tueantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15071" xml:space="preserve">Cum uero hæc non habentur, tunc arte iuuat fidas stationes nauibus
                <lb/>
              collocare, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15072" xml:space="preserve">aggeribus procurrentibus in mare ex structura portus cornua conſtituere, ſi flumen non impe-
                <lb/>
              diat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15073" xml:space="preserve">Quomodo autem ſtructuræ in aqua fiant, docet Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15074" xml:space="preserve">Quid autem circa portus faciendum ſit docuit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15075" xml:space="preserve">porticus enim & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15076" xml:space="preserve">loca ubi merces uenduntur, ac etiam ſeruantur, quæ emporia dicuntur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15077" xml:space="preserve">loca ubi conſtruũ-
                <lb/>
              tur naues, aut ſubductæ inſtaurantur, quæ naualia Latini, nos ſquerros dicimus, circa portus facienda ſunt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15078" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
          </div>
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