Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

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          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1513" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="17" file="0021" n="21" rhead="PRIMO."/>
            che é un terzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1514" xml:space="preserve">qui ſarà la proportione ſeſquiterza nominata, che é quando una coſa contiene tutta un’altra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1515" xml:space="preserve">di piu la terza parte,
              <lb/>
            come ſi dirà poi ragionando delle proportioni al ſuo luogo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1516" xml:space="preserve">L’angulo della figura eſſangulare, e minor la metà dell’ angulo della triangulare,
              <lb/>
            perche occupa otto parti della circunferenza, che è di miſura beſſale, cioè d’otto parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1517" xml:space="preserve">però tra queſti anguli è la proportione detta dop-
              <lb/>
            pia, come tra Pangulo del quadrato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1518" xml:space="preserve">l’angulo della eſſangulare figura, e proportione ſeſquialterà, cioè, che nel continente è una uolta,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1519" xml:space="preserve">mezza, il contenuto, come otto, cioè il beſſale, e nel dodici cioè nell’ A ſſe una fiata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1520" xml:space="preserve">uno triente, che è la metà d’otto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1521" xml:space="preserve">queſto è
              <lb/>
            quanto appartiene alla A ſtrologia. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1522" xml:space="preserve">Quello ueramente, che è della muſica, è ch’il Muſico ſimilmente conſidera la conſonanza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1523" xml:space="preserve">quella non
              <lb/>
            nelle figure, ma nelle uoe
              <unsure/>
            i. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1524" xml:space="preserve">Conſonanza è proportione di uoci diſtanti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1525" xml:space="preserve">difforenti nel graue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1526" xml:space="preserve">nell’acuto, che unitamente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1527" xml:space="preserve">con dol-
              <lb/>
            cezza girando peruengono all’ orecchie. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1528" xml:space="preserve">Delle conſonanze alcune ſono ſemplici, altre compoſte; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1529" xml:space="preserve">i nomi delle ſemplici ſono diapaſon, diateſſa-
              <lb/>
            ron, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1530" xml:space="preserve">con diapende diapaſon. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1531" xml:space="preserve">Laragione di queſti nomi al luogo ſuo ſar à manifeſta; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1532" xml:space="preserve">hora dirò delle ſemplici conſonanze. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1533" xml:space="preserve">I muſici non han-
              <lb/>
            no uoluto uſare i nomi de gli Arithmetici conuenienti alle proportioni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1534" xml:space="preserve">queſto per le ragioni che ſi diranno nel quinto libro; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1535" xml:space="preserve">ma in luogo di
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0021-01" xlink:href="note-0021-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            doppia uſano queſto nome, diapaſon, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1536" xml:space="preserve">per ſeſquialtera, diapente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1537" xml:space="preserve">per ſeſquitertia, diateſſaron; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1538" xml:space="preserve">biſogna adunque ſe le uoci eſſer deono
              <lb/>
            conſonanti, cioè uenire all’udito in modo diletteuole unite, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1539" xml:space="preserve">meſcolate, biſogna dico, che egli ci ſia tra la graue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1540" xml:space="preserve">l’ acuta proportionata
              <lb/>
            diſtanza, il ſimigliante è neceſſario, che ſia nel conſentimento delle stelle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1541" xml:space="preserve">de i pianeti, acciò che unitamente qua giù mandino con effica-
              <lb/>
            cia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1542" xml:space="preserve">forzagl’ infiulsſi loro. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1543" xml:space="preserve">Leregole adunque dell’ Arithmetica ſono quelle, che fanno la Muſica conl’ A ſtrologia congiunta, perche la pro-
              <lb/>
            portione, è commune, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1544" xml:space="preserve">uniuerſale in tutte le coſe atte à eſſer numerate, miſurate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1545" xml:space="preserve">peſate. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1546" xml:space="preserve">Ma le regole della Geometria, che fanno alla
              <lb/>
            proſpettiua, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1547" xml:space="preserve">alle apparenze ſono da gli A ſtrologi pigliate in quanto che gli A strologi rendeno ragione de gli aſpetti, delle distantìe, delle
              <lb/>
            uedute, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1548" xml:space="preserve">delle apparenze de i corpi celeſti, come ſi uede ne i uolumi loro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1549" xml:space="preserve">però l’ A strologia tien commertio (per modo di dire,) & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1550" xml:space="preserve">con
              <lb/>
            la Muſica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1551" xml:space="preserve">con la Geometria, in quanto dalla Geometria è ſeruita la Proſpettiua, imperoche la Proſpettiua prende il ſuo ſuggetto da due
              <lb/>
            ſcienze, cioè dalla Geometria la linea, dalla Naturale il uedere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1552" xml:space="preserve">ne fa una ſola coſa, che io direi raggio, stando adunque le predette co-
              <lb/>
            ſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1553" xml:space="preserve">la raccommunanza delle ſcienze Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1554" xml:space="preserve">ci preſcriue il modo del ſapere concludendo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1555" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1556" xml:space="preserve">Et però aſſai parerà hauer fatto colui, che di ciaſcuna dottrina mediocremente hauerà conoſciute le parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1557" xml:space="preserve">le ragio-
              <lb/>
            ni di eſſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1558" xml:space="preserve">quelle, che neceſſarie ſaranno all’ Architettura, affine che non ſi manchi quando di tai coſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1559" xml:space="preserve">di tal ar-
              <lb/>
            ti biſognerà farne giudicio, ò renderne conto.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1560" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1561" xml:space="preserve">Preſcritto il modo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1562" xml:space="preserve">la ſobrietà di ſapere, perche diſopra è ſtato detto da Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1563" xml:space="preserve">queſte parole.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1564" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1565" xml:space="preserve">Perche non deue, ne puo l’ Architetto eſſere come Ariſtarcho perito nella Grammatica.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1566" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1567" xml:space="preserve">Et il resto, però dichiara quel, (non deue,) percioche ſe bene l’ Architetto poteſſe eßer perfetto in tante arti, non però per quella perfettio-
              <lb/>
            ne ſi douerebbe chiamare Architetto, perche uſcirebbe fuori de i termini dell’ Architettura, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1568" xml:space="preserve">per queſto molto più forte ſi fa laragione
              <lb/>
            di Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1569" xml:space="preserve">contra Pythio, perche prima s’è dimoſtrato, che la ſua oppinione per la eſperienza non è uera, poi per ragionando non è poſ-
              <lb/>
            ſibile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1570" xml:space="preserve">in fine ſe bene posſibil ſuße, non é conueniente. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1571" xml:space="preserve">Simili argomènti uſa Platone, Aristotile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1572" xml:space="preserve">Galeno, ragionando quei dell’ Ora-
              <lb/>
            tore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1573" xml:space="preserve">queſti del Medico, Secondo il propoſito loro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1574" xml:space="preserve">però qui dirò coſa, che à me pare degna di conſideratione, per fare auuer-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0021-03" xlink:href="note-0021-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            titi quelli, iquali à una ſcienza ſi danno, che chiunche ſapeße bene quali foßero i termini di ciaſcuna ſcienza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1575" xml:space="preserve">conoſcer poteße quan-
              <lb/>
            do altri n’uſciſſero, ſenza dubbio egli trouerebbe tante, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1576" xml:space="preserve">ſi belle coſe in ciaſcuna arte, che ci darebbe da marauigliare, baſtimi hauere ac-
              <lb/>
            cennato queſto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1577" xml:space="preserve">da lungi il fonte come à dito moſtrato, percioche chi ba bene la propieta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1578" xml:space="preserve">le diſtintioni delle coſe, puote ancho, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1579" xml:space="preserve">le rac-
              <lb/>
            communanze, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1580" xml:space="preserve">le ſimiglianze conoſcere, ma di raro ſimili buomini ſi trouano, come dice Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1581" xml:space="preserve">prima dicendo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1582" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1583" xml:space="preserve">Ma quelli à i quali la natura benigna tanto di acutezza d’ingegno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1584" xml:space="preserve">di memoria, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1585" xml:space="preserve">di ſolertia concederà, che posſi-
              <lb/>
            no inſieme del tutto conoſcere la Geometria, l’A ſtrologia, la Muſica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1586" xml:space="preserve">l’altre ſcienze, certamente uſciranno fuo-
              <lb/>
            ra de termini dell’ Architetto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1587" xml:space="preserve">ſi faranno Mathematici, doue facilmente potranno contra quelle diſcipline diſpu-
              <lb/>
            tare, perche di piu armi di ſcienze, armati ſaranno.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1588" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1589" xml:space="preserve">Egli ſi ſuole diſputare de i principij d’una ſcienza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1590" xml:space="preserve">ſi ſuole anche diſputare delle coſe contenute ſotto i principij ſuoi, contra chile negaſſe, ſtan-
              <lb/>
            do nella ſua ſcienza, perche niente è prima de i principij, ma ſe egli uoleſſe diſputare de i principij ſuoi biſognerebbe, che egli uſciße de iter-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0021-04" xlink:href="note-0021-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            mini della ſua profeßione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1591" xml:space="preserve">adoperaße una ſcienza commune, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1592" xml:space="preserve">uniuer ſale, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1593" xml:space="preserve">però dice Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1594" xml:space="preserve">che chi è armato di piu armi di ſcienze,
              <lb/>
            può diſputare contra le ſcienze, cioè contra coloro, che di quelle ſcienze faceßero profesſione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1595" xml:space="preserve">però Ariſt. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1596" xml:space="preserve">non come filoſofo naturale di-
              <lb/>
            ſputa contra parmenide, ò Melißo, che negauano i principij della filoſofia naturale, macome dialetico, ouero Methafiſico, contra quelli
              <lb/>
            s’oppone, puo bene alcuno artefice non uſcendo fuori dell’arte ſua diſputare contra quelli, che delle coſe pertinenti, à quelle arti ragionaſ-
              <lb/>
            ſero, perche egli ſi ſeruirebbe de i principij di quell’arte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1597" xml:space="preserve">Quelli adunque iquali ſono in molte ſcienze eccellenti ſon ſempre armati alla difeſa,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1598" xml:space="preserve">all’ offcſa.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1599" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1600" xml:space="preserve">Ma di rado ſimili huomini ſi trouano, come fu Ariſtarcho Samio, Philolao, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1601" xml:space="preserve">Archita Tarentini. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1602" xml:space="preserve">Apollonio Pergeo,
              <lb/>
            Erathoſtene Cyreneo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1603" xml:space="preserve">Archimede, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1604" xml:space="preserve">Scopinas Siracufani, iquali, molti ſtrumenti, raggi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1605" xml:space="preserve">ſtili da ombre per uia
              <lb/>
            di numeri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1606" xml:space="preserve">canſe naturali à poſteri degnamente laſciarono.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1607" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1608" xml:space="preserve">Io non uoglio deuiarmi dalle coſe belle di Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1609" xml:space="preserve">per narrare le hiſtorie de ſopradetti huomini eccellenti, Popere de iquali fede ci faranno delle loro
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0021-05" xlink:href="note-0021-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            conditioni in piu luoghi dell’ Autore. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1610" xml:space="preserve">Conclude adunque Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1611" xml:space="preserve">con mirabile Circondottione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1612" xml:space="preserve">abbracciamento le coſe dette, maper maggio-
              <lb/>
            re intelligenza, dico che quando alcuno uuole uſare la grandezza del dire, egli uſa tra l’altre forme, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1613" xml:space="preserve">maniere, una che è, detta cir-
              <lb/>
            condottione, ò uero Abbracciamento, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1614" xml:space="preserve">queſta ſi fa, quando ſi tiene longamente ſoſpeſo l’intendimento prima, che ſi uenga al fine, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1615" xml:space="preserve">quan-
              <lb/>
            do ſi richiede altro ſentimento, con alcune particelle come ſono, benche; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1616" xml:space="preserve">auuenga dio, concioſia, quantunque, non ſolamente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1617" xml:space="preserve">altre ſi-
              <lb/>
            miglianti, dice Vitr.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1618" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1619" xml:space="preserve">Quando adunque ſia, che dalla ſolertia naturale, non à tutte le genti, ma à pochi hnomini ſi dia l’hauere coſi buoni
              <lb/>
            ingegni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1620" xml:space="preserve">l’ufficio dell’ Architetto ſia eſſere in djuerſi ammaeſtramenti eſſercitato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1621" xml:space="preserve">la ragione della coſa il per-
              <lb/>
            metta, non ſolo ſecondo la necesſità le grandi, ma le mediocre ſcienze douere hauere. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1622" xml:space="preserve">Io ò Ceſare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1623" xml:space="preserve">à te, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1624" xml:space="preserve">à quel-
              <lb/>
            li che leggeranno dimando, che ſe coſa alcuna poco ſecondo l’arte grammaticale ſarà eſpoſta, perdonato mi ſia, per-
              <lb/>
            ciò, che non come grande Philoſofo, ne come eloquente Oratore, ne grammatico io fono nelle piu belle ragioni
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0021-06" xlink:href="note-0021-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            dell’arte eſſercitato, ma come Architetto di tai letteere erudito, queſte coſe mi ſono sforzato di ſcriuere.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1625" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1626" xml:space="preserve">Ecco quanto è pieno queſto parlare di ſentimenti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1627" xml:space="preserve">d’argomenti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1628" xml:space="preserve">prima dalla natura quando dice. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1629" xml:space="preserve">(Ma à pochi huomini ſi dia.)
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1630" xml:space="preserve">Dapoi dall’arte quando dice, (Et l’ufficio dello Architetto.) </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1631" xml:space="preserve">Indi dalle coſe iſteſse, quando dice, (Et la ragione per la grandez-
              <lb/>
            za della coſa.) </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1632" xml:space="preserve">Et finalmente compie il ſentimento, dicendo, (Io ò Cefare.) </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1633" xml:space="preserve">Il reſtante finita la ſua bella, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1634" xml:space="preserve">ripiena oratione propone
              <lb/>
            di che coſa egli habbia à trattare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1635" xml:space="preserve">in che modo dicendo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1636" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1637" xml:space="preserve">Quanto ueramente richiede il potere di queſt’arte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1638" xml:space="preserve">le ragioni, che in eſſo potere poſte ſono, prometto; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1639" xml:space="preserve">come io ſpe-
              <lb/>
            ro, in queſti libri non ſolo à gli edificatori, ma à tutti i ſaui ſenza dubbio con grandisſima autorità douer preſtare.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1640" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1641" xml:space="preserve">Pareua la promeſſa di Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1642" xml:space="preserve">grande, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1643" xml:space="preserve">gonfia, però con prudenza egli ha giunto quelle parole, (come io ſpero) per dimoſtrar modeſtia, dice
              <lb/>
            adunque, che egli promette preſtare quanto porta il poter dell’ Architettura, non ſolamente à gli edificanti, ricordandoſi di bauer detto, che
              <lb/>
            l’ Architettura naſce dafabrica, ma à tutti i periti le ragioni dell’ arte promette, le quali nel diſcorſo, nella coſa ſignificante, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1644" xml:space="preserve">nella proua
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0021-07" xlink:href="note-0021-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            della fabrica poste ſono, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1645" xml:space="preserve">però ſenza dubbio con grandisſima le promeße, perciò, che come buono Architetto fonderì
              <lb/>
            l’arte ſua ſopraueri, efficaci, utili, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1646" xml:space="preserve">conformi precetti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1647" xml:space="preserve">queſto ſia detto ſopra il primo capitolo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1648" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>
Impressum