Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div318" type="section" level="1" n="43">
          <pb o="125" file="0131" n="140" rhead="QVARTO."/>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10565" xml:space="preserve">Fannoſi ancho i Tempi d’altre maniere ordinate dalle iſteſſe Simmetrie, ma in altro modo diſpoſte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10566" xml:space="preserve">Come è il Tempio
              <lb/>
            di Caſtore nel Circo Flamminio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10567" xml:space="preserve">tra due boſchi ſacri il Tempio del gran Gioue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10568" xml:space="preserve">piu argutamente nel boſcho
              <lb/>
            di Diana aggiuntoui dalla deſtra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10569" xml:space="preserve">dalla ſiniſtra alle ſpalle dello Antitempio le colonne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10570" xml:space="preserve">In queſta maniera prima
              <lb/>
            ſu ſatto il Tempio, come è quello di Caſtore nel Circo: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10571" xml:space="preserve">Di Minerua in Athene nella Rocca, Et di Pallade à Sunnio
              <lb/>
            Attica. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10572" xml:space="preserve">Di quelle non ci ſono altre proportioni ma le iſteſſe. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10573" xml:space="preserve">Le longhezze della Cella ſono doppie alle larghezze,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10574" xml:space="preserve">come l’altre parti eguali, che ſogliono eſſer nelle fronti ſono à i lati trapportate. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10575" xml:space="preserve">Sono alcuni, che togliendo le di-
              <lb/>
            ſpoſitioni delle colonne dalle maniere Thoſcane trasferiſcono quelle ne gli ordini delle opere Corinthie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10576" xml:space="preserve">loniche,
              <lb/>
            perche doue le ante del Pronao uẽgono in fuori, iui all’incontro della Cella de i Pareti ponendoui due colonne com-
              <lb/>
            muni ſanno le ragioni delle opere Thoſcane, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10577" xml:space="preserve">delle Greche. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10578" xml:space="preserve">Altri ancho rimouendo i pareti del Tempio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10579" xml:space="preserve">appli-
              <lb/>
            cando à gli intercolunni nello ſp
              <unsure/>
            acio dell’ala del leuato parete ampia fanno la larghezza della Cella, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10580" xml:space="preserve">conſeruando
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0131-01" xlink:href="note-0131-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            le altre coſe con le iſteſſe miſure, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10581" xml:space="preserve">proportioni, pare che habbiano creato un’altra maniera di ſigura, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10582" xml:space="preserve">di nome,
              <lb/>
            d’un Pſeudoperiptero. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10583" xml:space="preserve">Ma quelle maniere ſecondo l’uſo de i ſacriſici ſi uanno mutando, perche non à tntti i dei con
              <lb/>
            le iſteſſe ragioni ſi ediſicano i Tempi.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10584" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10585" xml:space="preserve">Eſpedite le ſorme de i Tempi ritondi accioche niente ci resti Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10586" xml:space="preserve">ci propone ancho altre maniere di Tempi cõpoſte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10587" xml:space="preserve">meſcolate delle maniere
              <lb/>
            Greche, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10588" xml:space="preserve">Thoſcane, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10589" xml:space="preserve">per maniere Greche egli intende tanto le Corinthie, quanto le loniche. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10590" xml:space="preserve">Aitri aggiugneuano alle ſpalle dello Antitem
              <lb/>
            pio tre colonne per parte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10591" xml:space="preserve">Altri ancho nei lati del Tempio ſeguiuano con lo iſteſſo ordine di colonne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10592" xml:space="preserve">Altri apriuano la Cella, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10593" xml:space="preserve">la riduceuano
              <lb/>
            à maggior larghezza ſacendo i pareti la doue erano le colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10594" xml:space="preserve">ſecondo il propoſito, et la cõmodità de i ſacriſicij, che (come ho detto erano
              <lb/>
            diuerſi) accõmodauano le diſpoſitioni de i Tempi, ilche da ad intendere ancho à noi che all’ uſo de noſtri ſacriſicij, accõmodiamo le diſpoſitioni
              <lb/>
            delle chieſe doue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10595" xml:space="preserve">ſi ſacriſica il uero ſacriſicio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10596" xml:space="preserve">ſi predica, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10597" xml:space="preserve">ſi celebran i ſacri oſſicij, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10598" xml:space="preserve">ſi ſerbano le Sante ſeliquie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10599" xml:space="preserve">ui uanno, è stan-
              <lb/>
            no buomini, è donne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10600" xml:space="preserve">Hora è ſornito l’altra parte della ſabrica, che era quella, che apparteneua alla R eligione. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10601" xml:space="preserve">Et però conclude Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10602" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10603" xml:space="preserve">dice.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10604" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10605" xml:space="preserve">Io ho eſpoſto tutte le ragioni delle ſacre caſe de i Dei, come mi ſon ſtate laſciate, ho diſtinto con i ſuoi compartimenti
              <lb/>
            gli ordini, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10606" xml:space="preserve">le miſure, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10607" xml:space="preserve">mi ſon forzato di deſcriuere quanto ho potuto, quelli che ſono de ſigure disſimiglianti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10608" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            con che diſſerenze tra ſe ſono ſeparate. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10609" xml:space="preserve">Hora io diro de gli altari de i Dei immortali, accioche attamente ſiano ordi-
              <lb/>
            nati alla diſpoſitione de i ſacriſici.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10610" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10611" xml:space="preserve">Et coſi @agiona delle miſure de gli Altari dicendo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10612" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div325" type="section" level="1" n="44">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head44" xml:space="preserve">CAP. VIII. DELL’ORDINARE GLI ALTARI DE I DEI.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10613" xml:space="preserve">GLI Altari riguardino all’Oriente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10614" xml:space="preserve">ſiano ſempre poſti piu basſi de i ſimulachri, che ſaranno nel
              <lb/>
            Tempio, accioche i ſupplicanti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10615" xml:space="preserve">ſacerdoti guardando in ſu ammirandoſi della diuinità con di-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0131-03" xlink:href="note-0131-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            ſeguali altezze al decoro di ciaſcuno de i ſuoi Dei compoſti ſiano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10616" xml:space="preserve">Le altezze de gli Altari coſi deono
              <lb/>
            eſſer eſplicate, che à Gioue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10617" xml:space="preserve">à tuttii Dei celeſti altisſimi ſiano fabricati. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10618" xml:space="preserve">Alla Dea Veſta, al Mare,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10619" xml:space="preserve">alla Terra ſi facciano basſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10620" xml:space="preserve">coſi le forme de gli Altari nel mezzo de i tempi conuenienti ſi di-
              <lb/>
            ſporranno poi che in queſto Libro trattato hauemo delle fabriche de i Sacri luoghi, ne i ſeguenti ſi
              <lb/>
            dira de i compartimenti delle opere communi.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10621" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10622" xml:space="preserve">La ſomma di questo ultimo capo è come s’habbiano à drizzare gli altari per ſeruare il Decoro conueniente alla ſorza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10623" xml:space="preserve">al potere di ciaſcuna
              <lb/>
            Deità. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10624" xml:space="preserve">Conuengono tutti in queſto, che deono riguardar l’Oriente (come di ſopra s’è detto). </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10625" xml:space="preserve">Vuole Alberto, che gli antichi ſaceſſero l’ Altare
              <lb/>
            alto ſei piedi, largo dodici, ſopra’lquale poſto ui ſuſſe il Simulachro, Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10626" xml:space="preserve">non ci preſcriue altezza, perche altri Dei altezze richiedono,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10627" xml:space="preserve">ſopra gli Altari ſi ſacriſicaua. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10628" xml:space="preserve">I Decreti de i nostri Ponteſici non uogliono che gli Altrari ſi ſacciano d’altro che di marmo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10629" xml:space="preserve">ſopra quelli
              <lb/>
            ui uogliono una pietra conſecrata. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10630" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſe stiano meglio, piu altari, ò d’un ſolo lo laſcio decidere ad altri. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10631" xml:space="preserve">Noi ſopra gli Altari ſtendemo bellisſi
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0131-04" xlink:href="note-0131-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            me touaglie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10632" xml:space="preserve">dinanzi ornatisſimi panni. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10633" xml:space="preserve">Non ci mancano i candellieri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10634" xml:space="preserve">le lampade aceſe di e notte dinanzi il Sacratisſimo corpo di noſtro
              <lb/>
            Signore à cui per ogni Chieſa eſſer deue conſecrato un’ Altare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10635" xml:space="preserve">Vſamo ancho ſopra gli Altari di porre le reliquie di Santi, pero biſogna loro
              <lb/>
            prouedere di ornati, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10636" xml:space="preserve">bẽ compartiti depoſiti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10637" xml:space="preserve">Oltra di queſto ſogliono i noſtri hauere un luogo ſeparato doue ſeruano le uesti Sacerdotali, i
              <lb/>
            Libri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10638" xml:space="preserve">l’altre coſe neceſſarie à i Sacriſicij, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10639" xml:space="preserve">doue ſi apparano i ſacerdoti, questi luoghi io gli ſarei in quelle parti doue anticamente ne i
              <lb/>
            Tempi era il postico. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10640" xml:space="preserve">hanno il Choro doue stanno à celebrare gli oſſicij, Sacri, hanno la torre alta nella cui ſommità ſtanno ſoſpeſi queglli ſtru
              <lb/>
            menti di Bronzo, che noi Campane chiamamo, non uſati da altri, che da Christiani, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10641" xml:space="preserve">ſono per conuocar col ſuono loro le genti alla Chieſa nel
              <lb/>
            le debite hore. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10642" xml:space="preserve">Queſte torri eſſer deono alte, pir amidali, e proportionate con l’altezza del Tẽpio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10643" xml:space="preserve">ſi adornano, ò con oro, ò con belle intonica
              <lb/>
            ture di pietre uanno eguali quadre ſin al luogo, doue s’ appicano le Campane, iui ſi ſanno d’intorno i cornicioni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10644" xml:space="preserve">s’aprono con colonnati ac-
              <lb/>
            cio che’l ſuono ſi oda, à quelli ſi ſale diuerſamente altri con lumache, altri con gradi, altri con piu commode ſalite, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10645" xml:space="preserve">qui appare l’ingegno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10646" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            la ſottilità dell’ Architetto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10647" xml:space="preserve">ancho la grandezza dell’ opera, quando ſono alte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10648" xml:space="preserve">che ſopra quelle alzati ſono grandisſimi peſi di marmi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10649" xml:space="preserve">So-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0131-05" xlink:href="note-0131-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            pra i cornicioni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10650" xml:space="preserve">l’apriture ui ua la Piramide di proportione ſeſquialtera alla ſua baſa, ò uero equialtera, altri ancho ſanno le puppole in
              <lb/>
            luogo di Pir amide, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10651" xml:space="preserve">le ſue lanterne, in queſte torri ancho ſi ſanno gli horologi da contrapeſi, coſa non conoſciuta da gli antichi, questi horo-
              <lb/>
            logi dimoſtrano di ſuori con un raggio l’hore naturali, i ſegni, i gradi del Sole, i giorni della Luna, la quantità del di, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10652" xml:space="preserve">della notte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10653" xml:space="preserve">poſſono
              <lb/>
            ſar altre dimostrationi, e mouimenti di ſigure, come ſi uede in molti luoghi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10654" xml:space="preserve">Hanno dietro la Chieſa il Cimitero, doue ſi ſepeliſcono i corpi, luo-
              <lb/>
            go Sacro, imperoche la bene ordinata noſtra Religione ha uoluto hauer cura del ſepelire i corpi, eſſendo i corpi humani ſtati uaſi dello ſpirito
              <lb/>
            Santo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10655" xml:space="preserve">douendo quelli di nuouo riſuſcitare, doue & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10656" xml:space="preserve">naturale, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10657" xml:space="preserve">ordinata pietà ſi dimoſtra nel ſepelire i morti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10658" xml:space="preserve">Ma Dio uoglia, che à no-
              <lb/>
            ſtri Tempi non ſi ſacciano ſimili uſſicij piu preſto à pompa de uiui, che à pietà, e conſolatione de i morti, Non é lodeuole, che i monumenti, ò ſe-
              <lb/>
            pulture ſiano nelle Chieſe, pure egli ſi uſa à grandezza nelle capelle à queſto con pregio appropiate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10659" xml:space="preserve">in luoghi emine@ti ſi pongono piu alte
              <lb/>
            de i Sacri Altari, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10660" xml:space="preserve">s’appongono le memorie, i titoli gli Epigrammi, i Troſei, e le inſegne de gli antipaſſati, doue le uere eſſigie di bellisſime,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10661" xml:space="preserve">ſinisſime pietre ſi uedono, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10662" xml:space="preserve">i glorioſi geſti in lettere d’oro intagliati ſi leggonono coſe da eſſer poste piu preſto nel Foro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10663" xml:space="preserve">nella piazza,
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0131-06" xlink:href="note-0131-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            che nella Chieſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10664" xml:space="preserve">ſolamente de gli huomini illuſtri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10665" xml:space="preserve">di quelli le opere uirtuoſe de i quali, eſſer poſſono di mcmorabile, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10666" xml:space="preserve">imitabile eſſem-
              <lb/>
            pio à i Cittadini. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10667" xml:space="preserve">Ma laſciamo queſta digresſione, è ſtando con Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10668" xml:space="preserve">ricordiamoci di ſeruar il Decoro in ogni coſa, e ſpecialmente nell honore
              <lb/>
            di Dio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10669" xml:space="preserve">de i Santi amici ſuoi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10670" xml:space="preserve">de i Serui ſacroſanti deſtinatial culto di quelli e rinchiuſi ne i monasteri, à iquali è conueniente, che ſi pro-
              <lb/>
            ueda di grandi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10671" xml:space="preserve">commodi habitationi, di ſpatioſi chioſtri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10672" xml:space="preserve">di bei giardini, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10673" xml:space="preserve">d’altre coſe neceſſarie alla uita honeſta è commune, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10674" xml:space="preserve">qui
              <lb/>
            ſia ſine del Quarto Libro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10675" xml:space="preserve">di ſotto ſono due piante di que Tempi compoſti de i quali ha parlato Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10676" xml:space="preserve">nel ſettimo Cap.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s10677" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div328" type="section" level="1" n="45">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head45" xml:space="preserve">IL FINE DEL QVARTO LIBRO.</head>
        </div>
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