Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

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          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1781" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="19" file="0023" n="23" rhead="PRIMO."/>
            ridurre ſotto un termine commune; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1782" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1783" xml:space="preserve">queſta è la regola; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1784" xml:space="preserve">ma piu chiaramente per l’eſſempio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1785" xml:space="preserve">queſto quando io hauerò dichiarato l’or-
              <lb/>
            dine delle partì comparate al tutto, dice in quanto à questo ordine Vitr.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1786" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1787" xml:space="preserve">Et un riſpetto di tutta la Proportione al Compartimento delle miſure.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1788" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1789" xml:space="preserve">Proportione è comparatione di coſe l’una iſteſſa natura; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1790" xml:space="preserve">queſta nell’Architettura ſi fa pigliando una certa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1791" xml:space="preserve">determinata quantità, la quale
              <lb/>
            ſia regolatrice di tutte le grandezze, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1792" xml:space="preserve">miſure delle parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1793" xml:space="preserve">membri dell’opere, l’eſſempio è queſto Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1794" xml:space="preserve">nel terzo libro al ſecondo, uo-
              <lb/>
            lendo render ragione di quella bella maniera de i Tempij, nella quale é il luogo commodo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1795" xml:space="preserve">fermo ſpatio tra una colonna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1796" xml:space="preserve">l’altra, dice
              <lb/>
            che egli biſogna, che lo ſpatio ſia della groſſezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1797" xml:space="preserve">del quarto della colonna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1798" xml:space="preserve">con questo dice, ſe la Fronte del luogo ſarà di quattro co-
              <lb/>
            lonne, biſogna compartirla in undici parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1799" xml:space="preserve">mezza, laſciando le ſpire, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1800" xml:space="preserve">una delle undici deue eſſere ilmodulo, che coſi egli chiama quel
              <lb/>
            la miſura, che regola tutte le grandezze dell’opere, dà poſcia alle groſſezze delle colonne un modulo, à gli estremi ſpatij uoti due moduli,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1801" xml:space="preserve">la quarta parte, allo ſpatio uano di mezzo tre modali, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1802" xml:space="preserve">in questo modo ordina tutta la facciata, come chiaramente ſi uede, che quattro
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0023-01" xlink:href="note-0023-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            moduli ſi danno à quattro colonne, tre allo ſpatio di mezo, che ſono ſette, quattro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1803" xml:space="preserve">mezzo, à gli l’patij da i lati, che ſono undici & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1804" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            mezzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1805" xml:space="preserve">coſi riſeriſce al tutto quel modulo, che egli preſe per regola. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1806" xml:space="preserve">Similmente uuole, che l’altezza delle colonne ſia d’otto moduli,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1807" xml:space="preserve">mezzo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1808" xml:space="preserve">la ragione ſteſſa è lodata, ſe la Fronte ſarà di ſei colonne, perciò che quella è diuiſa in parti diciotto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1809" xml:space="preserve">uuole, che una di
              <lb/>
            quelle ſi habbia per lo modulo, dicendo la groſſezza delle colonne douere eſſere d’un modulo; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1810" xml:space="preserve">eſſendo adunque ſei colonne, ſei moduli nelle
              <lb/>
            groſſezze loro ſi metteranno; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1811" xml:space="preserve">ſonui ancho cinque ſpatij, quello di mezzo occupatre moduli, iquali con i ſei fanno noue moduli. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1812" xml:space="preserve">Ma ne i
              <lb/>
            quattro ſpatij dell’una, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1813" xml:space="preserve">l’altra parte, eſſendo ciaſcuno di due moduli, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1814" xml:space="preserve">la quarta parte, terranno lo ſpatio di noue moduli; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1815" xml:space="preserve">iquali con i
              <lb/>
            noue prdetti faranno la ſomma di diciotto parti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1816" xml:space="preserve">Seguita poi, ſe la Fronte del luogo ſarà d’otto colonne, la diuiſione ſar ì in parte uentiquat-
              <lb/>
            tro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1817" xml:space="preserve">mezza unà delle quali ſar à il modulo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1818" xml:space="preserve">regoletta di tutta l’opera. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1819" xml:space="preserve">Otto colonne terranno in groſſezza otto moduli, lo ſpatio di
              <lb/>
            mezzotre, i ſei da i lati tredici, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1820" xml:space="preserve">mezzo occupando per ogni ſpatio come s’è detto, due moduli, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1821" xml:space="preserve">la quarta parte, lequali parti ſono
              <lb/>
            alta ſomma di uentiquattro, &</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1822" xml:space="preserve">mezzo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1823" xml:space="preserve">Ordine adunque è comparatione di diſaguaglianza, che comincia in una precedente quantità come
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0023-02" xlink:href="note-0023-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            regola di tutte le parti, traſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1824" xml:space="preserve">al tutto riferita, facendo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1825" xml:space="preserve">dimoſtrando una conuenienza di miſure nominata da Greci. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1826" xml:space="preserve">Simmetria,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1827" xml:space="preserve">però dice Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1828" xml:space="preserve">l’Ordine eſſer compoſto di quantità anzi pure la Simmetria, perciò che non puo eſſer Simmetria, cioè conuenienza di mi-
              <lb/>
            ſure ſenza molte quantità, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1829" xml:space="preserve">miſure; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1830" xml:space="preserve">dice adunque l’Autore.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1831" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1832" xml:space="preserve">Quefta ſi compone di quantità, cioè la Simmetria.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1833" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1834" xml:space="preserve">Et dichiara, che coſa è quantità dicendo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1835" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1836" xml:space="preserve">Laquale è conueniente effetto de i moduli dalla preſa di eſſa opera, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1837" xml:space="preserve">da ciaſcuna parte de i membri di tutto
              <lb/>
            il lauoro.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1838" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1839" xml:space="preserve">Come s’è dichiarato per l’ l’eſſempio di Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1840" xml:space="preserve">ilquale prima prende tutta l’opera nella Fronte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1841" xml:space="preserve">quella in parti diuide, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1842" xml:space="preserve">di quelle parti ne fà la
              <lb/>
            regoletta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1843" xml:space="preserve">il modulo, ilquale tempera, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1844" xml:space="preserve">modera imembri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1845" xml:space="preserve">le parti dell’opera facendo nel tutto un conueniente effetto.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1846" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1847" xml:space="preserve">La Diſpoſitione è atta collocatione delle coſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1848" xml:space="preserve">ſcelto effetto dell’opera nella compoſitione d’eſſa con qualità.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1849" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1850" xml:space="preserve">La Diſpoſitione compare le parti dell’opere non come grandezze, macome parti da eſſer collocate nel propio luogo, perciò che non è aſſai tro-
              <lb/>
            uare una commune miſura, che ſia regola della grandezza di ciaſcuna parte, ma biſogna ancho trouare un’ ordine di quella coſa, che ha par
              <lb/>
            te, non comparando le parti come grandezze, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1851" xml:space="preserve">quantità, ma comparandole come coſe da eſſer poſte al luogo ſuo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1852" xml:space="preserve">Due maniere ſono
              <lb/>
            di diſpoſitione, l’una dal caſo procede, ò dalla necesſità, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1853" xml:space="preserve">l’ altra dall’artificio, ò dalſapere. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1854" xml:space="preserve">Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1855" xml:space="preserve">ragiona di queſta ultima nel pre-
              <lb/>
            ſente luogo, ma nel ſesto libro ragiona della prima, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1856" xml:space="preserve">molto bene ſi laſcia intendere al ſecondo capitolo del detto libro, circa le predette ſei
              <lb/>
            coſe dicendo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1857" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1858" xml:space="preserve">Niuna cura maggiore hauer deue l’Architetto, che far, che gli Edificij habbiano per le proportioni della rata parte i
              <lb/>
            componimenti delle loro ragioni. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1859" xml:space="preserve">Quando adunque farà fornita la ragione delle miſure, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1860" xml:space="preserve">con diſcorſo eſplicate le
              <lb/>
            proportioni.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1861" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1862" xml:space="preserve">Come ricerca l’Ordine, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1863" xml:space="preserve">la Simmetria.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1864" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1865" xml:space="preserve">Allhora è propio anche dell’acutezza dello intelletto prouedere alla natura del luogo, all’uſo, alla bellezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1866" xml:space="preserve">ag-
              <lb/>
            giugnendo, ò ſcemando, far conueneuoli temperàmenti, acciò che quando ſarà tolto, ò uero accreſcruto alcuna
              <lb/>
            coſa alla miſura, ciò paia eſſere drittamente formato.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1867" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1868" xml:space="preserve">Come fa Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1869" xml:space="preserve">nella Diſpoſitione delle Baſiliche nel quinto libro, doue egli uuole, che eſſendo il luogo piu lungo di quello, che ſi conuiene alla
              <lb/>
            miſura della Baſilica riſpetto alla larghezza, ſi facciano le Calcidiche daicapi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1870" xml:space="preserve">Segue Vitr.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1871" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1872" xml:space="preserve">In modeo, che niente piu ſi deſideri nello aſpetto, (Ecco la Eurithmia.) </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1873" xml:space="preserve">Perche altra forma pare, che ſia da preſſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1874" xml:space="preserve">al
              <lb/>
            baſſo, altra da lunge, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1875" xml:space="preserve">in altezza; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1876" xml:space="preserve">ne quella ſteſſa pare in luogo rinchiuſo, che pare in luogo aperto; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1877" xml:space="preserve">nelle quai
              <lb/>
            coſe è opera di grande ingegno ſaper prender partito.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1878" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1879" xml:space="preserve">Et in fine del detto cap. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1880" xml:space="preserve">dice piu piu chiaramente, toccando la Diſpoſitione, che dal caſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1881" xml:space="preserve">dalla necesſità procede.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1882" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1883" xml:space="preserve">Io non penſo che biſogni dubitare, che alle nature, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1884" xml:space="preserve">necesſità de i luoghi non ſi debbino fare gli accreſcimenti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1885" xml:space="preserve">le di
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0023-05" xlink:href="note-0023-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            minutioni, ma in modo, che in ſimile opera niente ſia diſiderato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1886" xml:space="preserve">queſto non ſolo per dottrina, ma per acutez
              <lb/>
            za d’ingegno ſi puo fare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1887" xml:space="preserve">però prima egli ſi deue ordinare la ragione delle miſure, dalla quale ſi poſſa ſenza dubi-
              <lb/>
            tatione pigliare il mutamento delle coſe, dipoi eſplicato ſia lo ſpatio dal baſſo dell’opera, cheue fare di larghez-
              <lb/>
            za, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1888" xml:space="preserve">di lunghezza, della qualeopera, quando una fiata ſarà la grandezza conſtituta lo apparato della proportio-
              <lb/>
            ne alla bellezza ne ſegua, acciò che dubbio non ſia l’aſpetto della conſonanza, à chi ui uorrà ſopra conſiderare.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1889" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1890" xml:space="preserve">Dalle parole di Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1891" xml:space="preserve">chiaramente ſi conoſce il numero l’ordine, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1892" xml:space="preserve">la natura delle ſei parti predette; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1893" xml:space="preserve">io l’ho uolute allegare, per eſſer l’intento
              <lb/>
            mio d’eſporre Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1894" xml:space="preserve">con Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1895" xml:space="preserve">ſteſſo, quanto mi ſarà posſibile. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1896" xml:space="preserve">Diſpoſitione dunque è ordine, che dimoſtra che coſa in che luogo ponere ſi con-
              <lb/>
            uenga, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1897" xml:space="preserve">però dice Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1898" xml:space="preserve">quella eſſere.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1899" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1900" xml:space="preserve">Atta collocatione delle coſe.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1901" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1902" xml:space="preserve">Et per coſaintende le ſtanze, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1903" xml:space="preserve">le parti di eſſe, òuero le parti dell’opere fatte dallo Architetto ſiano quali ſi uoglia. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1904" xml:space="preserve">Da questa collocatione uno
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0023-06" xlink:href="note-0023-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            effetto ne naſce, che è il uedere in tutta la compoſitione una bella qualità, che è conueniente ſito à ciaſcuna coſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1905" xml:space="preserve">però dice.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1906" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1907" xml:space="preserve">Scelto effetto dell’opera nella compoſitione di eſſa con qualità.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1908" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1909" xml:space="preserve">Scelto, cioè sbrigato, netto, diſtinto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1910" xml:space="preserve">Alla Diſpoſitione s’oppone il ſuperfluo, come all’Ordine la confuſione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1911" xml:space="preserve">ſi puo dire, che l’Ordine è Diſpo-
              <lb/>
            ſitione delle miſure alla Simmetria, la Diſpoſitione è Ordine delle parti al luogo come ſi uedr à nel libro primo al ſesto cap. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1912" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1913" xml:space="preserve">in molti luoghi del
              <lb/>
            l’opera chiaramente. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1914" xml:space="preserve">Nel collocar le parti lo Architetto forma nel ſuo penſiero tre Idee, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1915" xml:space="preserve">figure dell’opere, l’una è della Pianta per dimostrar
              <lb/>
            la larghezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1916" xml:space="preserve">la lunghezza delle parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1917" xml:space="preserve">del tutto, collocando ogni parte alſuo luogo, et questa é detta Icnographia, l’altra è la Eleuatione,
              <lb/>
            che all’altezza dell’opere ſi dona, detta Orthografia, detta lo in Piè, la quale deue eſſere alla Pianta cõſorme, altrimenti nõ ſarebbe una ſteſſa co
              <lb/>
            ſa quella che naſce, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1918" xml:space="preserve">quella che creſce, il che è grande errore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1919" xml:space="preserve">contra la natura delle coſe, perciò che nelle piante, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1920" xml:space="preserve">ne gli animali ſi
              <lb/>
            uede quello che naſce, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1921" xml:space="preserve">quel che creſce eſſer lo steſſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1922" xml:space="preserve">niuna parte aggiugnerſi da poi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1923" xml:space="preserve">Laterza Idea é il Profilo detto Schiographia dal
              <lb/>
            quale infinita utilià ne prende l’Architetto, perciò che dalle deſcrittione del Profilo ben fatta rende conto delle groſſezze de i muri, de gli
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0023-07" xlink:href="note-0023-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            ſporti, delle ritrattioni d’ogni membro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1924" xml:space="preserve">quaſi Medico dimoſtra tutte le parti interiori, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1925" xml:space="preserve">esteriori dell’opere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1926" xml:space="preserve">però in queſto ufficio ha
              <lb/>
            biſogno di grandisſimo penſamento, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1927" xml:space="preserve">giuditio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1928" xml:space="preserve">pratica, come à chigli effctti del Profilo conſidera, è manifeſto; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1929" xml:space="preserve">perche in uero l’eleuatio-
              <lb/>
            ne della fronte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1930" xml:space="preserve">la maeſtà della coſa, eſſendo fatta nella ſuperficie non dimostra gli ſporti, le ritrattioni, le groſſezze delle Cornici de i Ca-
              <lb/>
            pitelli, de i Baſamenti, de i Fronteſpitij, delle ſcale, de i Piediſtalli, et d’altre coſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1931" xml:space="preserve">però è neceſſario il Profilo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1932" xml:space="preserve">con queſte tre Idee eſpreſ
              <lb/>
            ſe in diſſegno l’Architetto s’asſicura come l’opera deue riuſcire, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1933" xml:space="preserve">fa piu certa la ſua intentione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1934" xml:space="preserve">l’altrui deſiderio di far opra lodata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1935" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            degna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1936" xml:space="preserve">appreſſo s’asſicura della ſpeſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1937" xml:space="preserve">di molte coſe all’opera pertinenti, dalle dette Idee che ſon forme dell’opere concette nella mente, &</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1938" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>
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