Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

Page concordance

< >
Scan Original
21 17
22 18
23 19
24 20
25
26 21
27
28 22
29 23
30 24
31 25
32 26
33 27
34 28
35 29
36 30
37 31
38 32
39 33
40 34
41 35
42 36
43 37
44
45 39
46 40
47 39
48 40
49 41
50 42
< >
page |< < (39) of 325 > >|
    <echo version="1.0RC">
      <text xml:lang="it" type="free">
        <div xml:id="echoid-div90" type="section" level="1" n="9">
          <pb o="39" file="0045" n="47" rhead="PRIMO."/>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div111" type="section" level="1" n="10">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head9" xml:space="preserve">DELLA ELETTIONE DE I LVOGHI ALLVSO COMMVNE
            <lb/>
          DELLA CITTA. CAP. VII.</head>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3851" xml:space="preserve">
              <emph style="sc">Divisi</emph>
            icapi delle uie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3852" xml:space="preserve">deſcritte le piazze, deueſi fare la elettione de i piani manifeſta al commo-
              <lb/>
            do, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3853" xml:space="preserve">all’uſo commune della Città per li Sacri Tempi, per lo Foro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3854" xml:space="preserve">per gli altri luoghi communi-
              <lb/>
            Tratta Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3855" xml:space="preserve">in queſto cap. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3856" xml:space="preserve">quanto appartiene all’uniuerſal Diſpoſitione, Diſtributione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3857" xml:space="preserve">Decoro de i luoghi, conſideran
              <lb/>
            do il cõpartimento de i luoghi all’uſo commune. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3858" xml:space="preserve">Compartimento è ragioneuole diuiſione del piano, nella quale é poſta tutta
              <lb/>
            la forza dell’ingegno, et dell’opera, come in quella in cui ripoſto ſia l’uſo del tutto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3859" xml:space="preserve">delle parti, la forza della proportione,
              <lb/>
            la conſuetudine de paeſi, et la conſider atione de tempi, come nella ſottoſcritta partitione ſi dimoſtra cõpartimẽto nel qua-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0045-01" xlink:href="note-0045-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            le ſi conſidera l’uſo delle parti, la proportione, l’ſanza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3860" xml:space="preserve">le ſtagioni. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3861" xml:space="preserve">L’uſo eſſer deue accompagnato dal Decoro, dalla baſtanza delle parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3862" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            dalla intentione del fine; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3863" xml:space="preserve">del Decoro s’ė detto diſopra al I I. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3864" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3865" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3866" xml:space="preserve">ne dir à qui ſotto Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3867" xml:space="preserve">il reſtante ſe dichiarerà al luogo ſuo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3868" xml:space="preserve">La proportio
              <lb/>
            ne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3869" xml:space="preserve">riſpondenza ſia, che à grandi ſoggetti, grandi edifici ſi facciano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3870" xml:space="preserve">de i grandi edifici ſiano i membri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3871" xml:space="preserve">le parti grandi, perche la
              <lb/>
            Città è una grandisſima caſa, come ſi puo dire, che la caſa ſia picciola Città. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3872" xml:space="preserve">Il ſauio Architetto deue alcuna coſa donare all’uſanza de ſuoi pae
              <lb/>
            ſi; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3873" xml:space="preserve">non però deue egli errare, ne abbandonare la ragione, ma non laſciare la uſanza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3874" xml:space="preserve">tenerſi alla ſcienza, altrimenti la cattiua uſanza non è
              <lb/>
            altro che la uecchiezza del uitio, dal quale animo ſamente l’huomo ſi deue diſcoſtare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3875" xml:space="preserve">dar buono eſſempio à ſucceſſori. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3876" xml:space="preserve">Le stagioni ſono con
              <lb/>
            ſiderate ne i compartimenti per accommodare le stanze ſecondo il uerno, l’eſtate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3877" xml:space="preserve">gli altri tempi, ma noi al ſuo luogo piu partitamente
              <lb/>
            ne parlaremo; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3878" xml:space="preserve">il reſto è facile nell’Autore.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3879" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3880" xml:space="preserve">Se le mura ſaranno preſſo al mare, il campo doue ſi deue fare il Foro, ſi deue eleggere appreſſo il porto; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3881" xml:space="preserve">la Città ſarà
              <lb/>
            fra terra nel mezzo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3882" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3883" xml:space="preserve">Laragione é perche nel Foro, che è luogo doue ſi uendono le coſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3884" xml:space="preserve">doue ſi tiene ragione e commodo à i foreſtieri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3885" xml:space="preserve">mercanti, che uengano di
              <lb/>
            parti lontane, eſſendo uicino al porto, quando la Città è preſſo il mare. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3886" xml:space="preserve">Ma quando è fra terra il mezzo della Città é commodo per lo Foro,
              <lb/>
            perche il mezzo è propinquo à tutte le parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3887" xml:space="preserve">preſto prouede al biſogno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3888" xml:space="preserve">però Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3889" xml:space="preserve">ha detto in medio oppido, perche Oppidum, e detto
              <lb/>
            dal dare aiuto, che in latino ſi dice dare opem; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3890" xml:space="preserve">ò uero perche iui ſi portano le ricchezze, che da latini Opes dette ſono.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3891" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3892" xml:space="preserve">Ma per li Tempi Sacri di quelli Dei, nella tutela de i quali ſpecialmente è poſta la terra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3893" xml:space="preserve">à Gioue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3894" xml:space="preserve">à Giunone, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3895" xml:space="preserve">à
              <lb/>
            Minerua ſi danno i campi in altisſimi luoghi, da i quali la grandisſima parte della Città ſi poſſa unitamente uede-
              <lb/>
            re; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3896" xml:space="preserve">Ma à Mercurio nel Foro, ò uero ancho come ad Iſide, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3897" xml:space="preserve">Serapi nel fontico, ò mercato; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3898" xml:space="preserve">ad Apolline, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3899" xml:space="preserve">al Padre
              <lb/>
            Bacco preſſo al Theatro; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3900" xml:space="preserve">ad Hercole in quei luoghi doue non ſono Gimnaſi, ne Amphiteatri, appreſſo il Circo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3901" xml:space="preserve">A
              <lb/>
            Marte fuori della Città, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3902" xml:space="preserve">al campo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3903" xml:space="preserve">A Venere preſſo il porto; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3904" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3905" xml:space="preserve">queſto da i Toſcani aruſpici è ſtato ordinato; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3906" xml:space="preserve">cioè
              <lb/>
            che à Venere, Vulcano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3907" xml:space="preserve">à Marte, fatti ſiano i Tempi fuori delle mura, acciò che i piaceri di Venere, non prendi-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0045-03" xlink:href="note-0045-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            no piede nella città preſſo la giouentù, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3908" xml:space="preserve">le matri di famiglia; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3909" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3910" xml:space="preserve">che dalla forza di Vulcano tratta fuori della Città cõ
              <lb/>
            religione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3911" xml:space="preserve">ſacrifici, gli edifici parino eſſere dal timore de gli incendij liberati. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3912" xml:space="preserve">Ma la diuinità di Marte eſſendo fuo-
              <lb/>
            ri della terra conſecrata, non ſarà tra i cittadini la diſſentione, che uiene all’arme, ma con quella diſeſa da i nimici con
              <lb/>
            ſeruerà quella da i pericoli delle battaglie; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3913" xml:space="preserve">ſimilmen te à Cerere ſi faranno i Tempi fuori della Città in luoghi doue
              <lb/>
            non ſi uada, ſe non per necesſità douendoſi con religione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3914" xml:space="preserve">con ſanti coſtumi queſto luogo caſtamente guardare;
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3915" xml:space="preserve">al reſtante de glialtri Dei biſogna ritrouar luoghi da fabricare, che ſiano conuenienti, guardando ſempre alle manie-
              <lb/>
            re de ſacriſici. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3916" xml:space="preserve">Ma del modo de fabricare i Tempi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3917" xml:space="preserve">delle miſure, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3918" xml:space="preserve">Simmetrie di quelli, nel. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3919" xml:space="preserve">iij. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3920" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3921" xml:space="preserve">nel. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3922" xml:space="preserve">iiij lib. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3923" xml:space="preserve">ne rende
              <lb/>
            rò le ragioni, perciò che mi è piaciuto prima determinare della copia della materia, che ſi deue nelle fabriche prepara
              <lb/>
            re, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3924" xml:space="preserve">eſponer la forza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3925" xml:space="preserve">l’uſo di eſſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3926" xml:space="preserve">poi le miſure de gli edifici, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3927" xml:space="preserve">gli ordini, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3928" xml:space="preserve">le maniere partitamente di tutte
              <lb/>
            le Simmetrie trattare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3929" xml:space="preserve">in ciaſcuno de i ſeguenti libri eſplicare.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3930" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3931" xml:space="preserve">Etragioneuolmente in uero prima della materia tratta Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3932" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3933" xml:space="preserve">poi della forma, per che prima poco è da dire della materia, come coſa, che la na-
              <lb/>
            tura ci recca, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3934" xml:space="preserve">molto della forma, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3935" xml:space="preserve">è giuſto sbrigarſene preſto; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3936" xml:space="preserve">da poi, perche una ſteſſa materia ſerue à diuerſe forme, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3937" xml:space="preserve">maniere; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3938" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3939" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            ſimile uſanza tiene Ariſt. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3940" xml:space="preserve">ne i libri de i Principi naturali, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3941" xml:space="preserve">qui ſia fine del primo libro.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3942" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div114" type="section" level="1" n="11">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head10" xml:space="preserve">L’INDICE DEL PRIMO LIBR O DELLE FORTIFICATIONI
            <lb/>
          DEL SIGNOR GIANIACOPO LEONARDI
            <lb/>
          CONTE DE MONTELABATE.</head>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3943" xml:space="preserve">PRoemio.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3944" xml:space="preserve">La cagione perche tanti Imperi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3945" xml:space="preserve">luoghi murati,
              <lb/>
            ch’appò gli antichi erano, deſtrutti ſi trouano.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3946" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3947" xml:space="preserve">Regole d’intorno, al fortiſicare, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3948" xml:space="preserve">difendere un for
              <lb/>
            te, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3949" xml:space="preserve">ſono 81.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3950" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3951" xml:space="preserve">La fortificatione ci è stata moſtrata della natura, del
              <lb/>
            la quale gli antichi hebbero cognitione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3952" xml:space="preserve">buona.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3953" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3954" xml:space="preserve">La Fortificatione de Rom. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3955" xml:space="preserve">niente in difeſo haueua.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3956" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3957" xml:space="preserve">Che è ragioneuol credere, che detta ſortif. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3958" xml:space="preserve">de Rom. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3959" xml:space="preserve">haueſſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3960" xml:space="preserve">ſpalle,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3961" xml:space="preserve">fianchi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3962" xml:space="preserve">piazze ſpatioſe, come, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3963" xml:space="preserve">meglio di quelle che habbia-
              <lb/>
            mo noi.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3964" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3965" xml:space="preserve">Perche ſia, che all’età noſtra non ueggiamo molte fortificationi de gli
              <lb/>
            antichi del modo, che i Scrittori di ſopra le preſuppongono.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3966" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3967" xml:space="preserve">Quale conſideratione hebbero gli antichi nel fabricar le lor Città.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3968" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3969" xml:space="preserve">Che il peſo di diſegnare, di ſtabilire un luogo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3970" xml:space="preserve">una Città ſorte eſſer
              <lb/>
            deue tutto del Principe Caualiero, lo eſequire tutto dello ingegnero.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3971" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3972" xml:space="preserve">Se la Geometria, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3973" xml:space="preserve">l’arti Mathematice neceſſarie ſiano al Principe
              <lb/>
            Caualiero, per ben ſaper ordinare una fortificatione.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3974" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3975" xml:space="preserve">Prima, che ſi uenga alla fortificatione, eſſer neceſſario far ſcielta de
              <lb/>
            Soldati eſperimentati alla guerra.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3976" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3977" xml:space="preserve">Sono le ſortiſicationi utili anco à quelli, che hanno ſorze grandi di po-
              <lb/>
            ter metter una, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3978" xml:space="preserve">piu uolte eſſerciti in campagna.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3979" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3980" xml:space="preserve">Egli è neceſſario hauer cognitione delle uoci, e uocaboli, che uſiamo al-
              <lb/>
            la età noſtr a nelle fortificationi.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3981" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3982" xml:space="preserve">Che ſia bene hauer notitia della Ethimologia delle uoci, è, uocaboli di-
              <lb/>
            ſopra.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3983" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3984" xml:space="preserve">Che ė neceſſario nell’ordinar le fortiſicationi diſtinguer i tempi, ne i qua
              <lb/>
            li ſi trouano.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3985" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3986" xml:space="preserve">Che tutti i tempi di ſopra ne ſuoi gradi hanno le regole loro.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3987" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3988" xml:space="preserve">Che gli è bene ſapere in qu@nti modi ſi diſſenda un ſtato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3989" xml:space="preserve">coſi quante
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3990" xml:space="preserve">quali ſiano le diſſcſe di quello.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3991" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3992" xml:space="preserve">Quali, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3993" xml:space="preserve">quante ſiano le diffcſe, che entro la fortiſicatione neceſſa-
              <lb/>
            rie ſono.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3994" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3995" xml:space="preserve">Quali ſono le principali conſider ationi nel fortificare un Regno.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3996" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3997" xml:space="preserve">Se ſia bene hauer le terre tutte del Regno fortiſicate, ò meglio ſolamen-
              <lb/>
            te parte.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3998" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s3999" xml:space="preserve">Che lo Stato de Signori Vinitiani piu che altro, che ſia hoggi potria
              <lb/>
            quaſi tutto reſtar ſorte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4000" xml:space="preserve">ageuolmente diſſeſo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4001" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4002" xml:space="preserve">Vn Principe pouero ſortiſicar deue, quel che ei conoſce poter diffendere.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4003" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4004" xml:space="preserve">Quali ſiano la utilità, che trahemo dalle fortiſicationi de Stati.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4005" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4006" xml:space="preserve">Tre Principali ſono le conſiderationi che hauer ſi deono nella fortiſi-
              <lb/>
            catione, che ſia forte, che ſia con ſparagno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4007" xml:space="preserve">che ſi faccia in tempo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4008" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4009" xml:space="preserve">Come diſcorrer potiamo la ſpeſa, che nel ſortiſicar ſia neceſſaria.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4010" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4011" xml:space="preserve">Quel che ſia da riſoluere perche la ſortiſicatione da farſi posſi eſſere in
              <lb/>
            diſſeſa nel biſogno.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4012" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4013" xml:space="preserve">Nelle ſortiſicationi che in eſſer trouamo, ò dobbiamo uſcir fuori del
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0045-07" xlink:href="note-0045-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            fatto, òſtar in quello, ò r eſtrignerci dentro.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4014" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4015" xml:space="preserve">Colui che da principio al fortiſicar un Stato, un luogo ha da guardarſi
              <lb/>
            come ſe nel ſoſpetto della guerra ſuſſe.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4016" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4017" xml:space="preserve">L’huomo, il terreno, il muro, fanno la ſortezza.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4018" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4019" xml:space="preserve">Tre ſono le oſſeſe principali; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4020" xml:space="preserve">la Batteria, il Tagliamento che fa la ma-
              <lb/>
            no dell’huomo, è la ſcala.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4021" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>