Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

Page concordance

< >
Scan Original
91
92 78
93 79
94 79
95 80
96 81
97 82
98 83
99 84
100 85
101 86
102 87
103 88
104 89
105 90
106 91
107 92
108 93
109 94
110 95
111 96
112 97
113 98
114 99
115 100
116 101
117 102
118 103
119 104
120 105
< >
page |< < (172) of 325 > >|
    <echo version="1.0RC">
      <text xml:lang="it" type="free">
        <div xml:id="echoid-div451" type="section" level="1" n="67">
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14178" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="172" file="0182" n="191" rhead="LIBRO"/>
            Atrio baueuano altri trauicelli pendenti tra quelli, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14179" xml:space="preserve">però Interpenſiua ſi chiamano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14180" xml:space="preserve">il loro pendere era un piouere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14181" xml:space="preserve">baueuano i cana-
              <lb/>
            li, che Colliquie detti ſono, i quali traccorreuano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14182" xml:space="preserve">erano trappoſti in modo di piouere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14183" xml:space="preserve">ueniuano da gli anguli de i pareti à glianguli delle
              <lb/>
            traui. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14184" xml:space="preserve">Erano quattro traui principali ſopra quali ſi poſauano alcuni altri trauicelli, che ſtauano in piouere detti da Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14185" xml:space="preserve">Interpenſiui,
              <lb/>
            perche trapendono, queſti ueniuano da gli angoli de i pareti à gli angoli delle traui minori. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14186" xml:space="preserve">Erano con una delle loro teſte fermate ſopra que
              <lb/>
            trauicelli, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14187" xml:space="preserve">conl’altra come appoggiate ne gli angoli de i pareti, eranui poi i lor morelli detti Aſſeri (de quali hauemòdetto nel Quarto Li-
              <lb/>
            bro) ſopra esſi erano gl’lmbrici, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14188" xml:space="preserve">le Tauelle; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14189" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14190" xml:space="preserve">mandauano giu l’acqua allargo nel Cortile. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14191" xml:space="preserve">Ma che Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14192" xml:space="preserve">intenda per queſto nome de In-
              <lb/>
            terpenſiui, i trauicelli appoggiati di ſopra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14193" xml:space="preserve">non poſti di ſotto per ſoſtenimento delle traui, che trappaſſano per la largbezza dello Atrio
              <lb/>
            (come uogliono alcuni) Egli ſi uede per le parole, che egli dice di ſotto parlando de i Cauedi Tetraſtili: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14194" xml:space="preserve">dicendo, che le traui non ſono cari-
              <lb/>
            cate da gl’ Interpenſiui. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14195" xml:space="preserve">Segno adunque è che gl’ Interpenſiui caricano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14196" xml:space="preserve">ſtanno di ſopra: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14197" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14198" xml:space="preserve">ſe ſosteneſſero, non ſi chiamerebbeno Inter-
              <lb/>
            penſiui. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14199" xml:space="preserve">Questi Cauedi non haueuano portico à torno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14200" xml:space="preserve">il loro piouere era ſemplicisſimo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14201" xml:space="preserve">ueniua molto inanzi gettando l’acque molto
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0182-01" xlink:href="note-0182-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            lontane da i pareti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14202" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda maniera è detta Corintbia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14203" xml:space="preserve">non è differente quãto al uenir in ſuori delle traui, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14204" xml:space="preserve">del piouere dalla Toſcana.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14205" xml:space="preserve">Ma è ben differente, perche le traui, che uengono da i pareti dalla larghezza dell’ A trio ſono ſopra colonne, che uanno d’intorno al Cauedio.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14206" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14207" xml:space="preserve">Come dimoſtra la pianta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14208" xml:space="preserve">la figura, O, laqual ancho ci ſerue al primo Cauedio, per la ſimiglianza che ha il Cauedio Corinthio con lo Toſca-
              <lb/>
            no, intendendo però che nello Toſcano non ciſiano colonne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14209" xml:space="preserve">La terza maniera è detta Tetraſtilos, cioè di quattro colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14210" xml:space="preserve">è molto ſorte
              <lb/>
            ne ha molto carico, perche non ci ſono gl’ Interpenſiui, Queſto Cortile non doueua eſſer molto grande imperoche hauendo ſolo quattro colon
              <lb/>
            ne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14211" xml:space="preserve">quelle ſopra le cantonate, ſe ſuſſe ſtato molto longo, òlargo, gli ſpacij tra le colonne ſarebbeno ſtati ſuori di modo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14212" xml:space="preserve">la opera non ſa-
              <lb/>
            rebbe ſtata ſerma (come dice Vitr.) </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14213" xml:space="preserve">La quarta maniera, è, detta Diſpluuiata, cioè quella che sta in due pioueri fatta di Traui posti come una
              <lb/>
            Seſta aperta in piedi, che Deliquiæ ſi chiamano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14214" xml:space="preserve">Queſti han due cadimenti dell’ acque, però che una parte pioue uerſo i cortili, l’altra dall’altra
              <lb/>
            parte di ſuori, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14215" xml:space="preserve">qui ci naſce un diſſctto, perche l’acqua, che cade per li canali, non può coſi preſto entrare nelle canne, che Fiſtule ſi chiamano
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14216" xml:space="preserve">ſu le bocche s’ingorgano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14217" xml:space="preserve">ſoprabõdando ſi ſparge, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14218" xml:space="preserve">uien giu per li pareti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14219" xml:space="preserve">col tempo guaſta i ſottogrondali, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14220" xml:space="preserve">le fineſtre, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14221" xml:space="preserve">ile-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0182-02" xlink:href="note-0182-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            gnami, che poi diſſicilmente s’acconciano, hanno però queſto commodo, che non impediſcono i lumi alle ſtanze doue ſi mangia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14222" xml:space="preserve">laragio-
              <lb/>
            ne è perche il loro tetto non uiene troppo in fuori col piouere, ma pende dolcemente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14223" xml:space="preserve">il lume non è impedito, però ancho ſe io uoleſſe dire
              <lb/>
            che gli A tri fuſſero detti dal color Atro, io direi, che il piouere, che ſporta molto in fuori, fa quegli ombroſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14224" xml:space="preserve">oſcuri, ma forſe A trium può
              <lb/>
            uenir dal Greco, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14225" xml:space="preserve">ſignificare un luogo, che non ba uia che uolga. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14226" xml:space="preserve">La quinta maniera ſi chiama Teſtudinata fatta in quattro pioueri, penſo io,
              <lb/>
            che queſti fuſſero coperti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14227" xml:space="preserve">che di ſopra baueſſero le ſale è le stanze ſpacioſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14228" xml:space="preserve">i palchi ſoſtentati da bellisſimi colonnati, che dinanzi alle
              <lb/>
            porte faceſſero mostra di belle loggie, che per uestibuli ſeruiſſero, ò che nell’entrate baueſſero colonne compartite à modo, che deſſero gran-
              <lb/>
            dezza è bellezza, può ancho eſſer, che queſti cauedi fuſſero di caſe ordinarie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14229" xml:space="preserve">di perſone di mediocre conditione, nellequali non erano Atri
              <lb/>
            ne colonnati, ſe forſe non uogliamo dire, che Atriſi chiamaſſero quelle entrate, ilche niuno uieta, che coſi egli non s’intenda.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14230" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div455" type="section" level="1" n="68">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head68" xml:space="preserve">CAP. IIII. DE GLI ATRII, ALE, TABLINI.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14231" xml:space="preserve">LE LONGHEZZE ueramente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14232" xml:space="preserve">le larghezze de gli Atrij, à tre modi ſi formano, Prima par-
              <lb/>
            tendo la longhezza loro in cinque parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14233" xml:space="preserve">dandone tre alla larghezza. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14234" xml:space="preserve">Poi partendo in tre, e dan-
              <lb/>
            done due, finalmente ponendo la larghezza in un quadro perfetto, e tirando la Diagonale,la lon-
              <lb/>
            ghezzza della quale dara la longhezza dello Atrio.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14235" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14236" xml:space="preserve">Io non diuiderei con nouo capo queſta parte de gli Atrij dal capitolo precedente perche l’Atrio ua col Cauedio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14237" xml:space="preserve">ancho
              <lb/>
            il modo del parlare, che uſa Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14238" xml:space="preserve">lo dimostra dicendo Atriorum uero longitudines. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14239" xml:space="preserve">L’Atrio è quella parte prima à chi
              <lb/>
            entra dentro in caſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14240" xml:space="preserve">è luogo coperto, ha la porta principale nel mezzo à dirimpetto dellaquale in fronte ſono le porte, che uanno ne i Pe-
              <lb/>
            ristili paſſando prima per alcuni altri luoghi, che Tablini ſi chiamano, ba dalla deſtra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14241" xml:space="preserve">dalla ſiniſtra le ale, che Pteromata in Greco ſi chia-
              <lb/>
            mano, che lo Atrio ſia la prima parte lo dimoſtra Vir. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14242" xml:space="preserve">nel ſettimo capo del preſente Libro dicendo, che nella Città gli Atrij eſſer deono ap-
              <lb/>
            preſſo la porta, che lo Atrio ſuſſe coperto Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14243" xml:space="preserve">ſimilmente l’ba dimostrato di ſopra parlando del Cauedio, doue dice le traui, che ſono nella lar
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0182-03" xlink:href="note-0182-03a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            ghezza dello Atrio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14244" xml:space="preserve">il resto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14245" xml:space="preserve">Le miſure, è ſimmetria de gli Atrij ſi ſannno in tre modi, cioè gli Atrij ſono in tre proportioni, il primo ė quan
              <lb/>
            do la longhezza dello A trio è partita in cinque parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14246" xml:space="preserve">tre ſe ne danno alla larghezza. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14247" xml:space="preserve">Il ſecondo è quando la longbezza è diuiſa in tre par-
              <lb/>
            ti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14248" xml:space="preserve">due ſi danno alla larghezza. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14249" xml:space="preserve">La terza e quando ſi da alla longhezza la Diagonale del quadrato della larghezza. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14250" xml:space="preserve">La prima è in propor-
              <lb/>
            tione ſoprabipartiente le terze, cioè d’un quadro e due terzi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14251" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda e in proportione ſeſquialtera, cioè d’un quadro e mezzo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14252" xml:space="preserve">La terzaè
              <lb/>
            Diagonale. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14253" xml:space="preserve">Prima che io uegna alla dichiaratione, e al compartimento di queſte parti uoglio porre il ſecondo capo del Trenteſimoquinto Li-
              <lb/>
            bro di Plinio, perche à me pare, che egli faccia al propoſito ſi per l’uſo de gli Atri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14254" xml:space="preserve">de i Tablini ſi per l’antichità memorabile, che in eſſo
              <lb/>
            argutamente ſi racconta.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14255" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14256" xml:space="preserve">Per la Pittura delle imagini molto grandemente ſimiglianti di tempo in tempo ſi conſeruauano le figure, ilche del tutto è mancato. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14257" xml:space="preserve">Hora ſi pongo-
              <lb/>
            no gli ſcudi di Rame coperti d’Argento, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14258" xml:space="preserve">con non inteſa
              <unsure/>
            diſſerenza delle figure, ſi cambiano le teſte delle Statue, diuulgati ancho i moti de i
              <lb/>
            uerſi coſi piu presto uogliono, che la materia ſia riguardata, che esſi eſſer conoſciuti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14259" xml:space="preserve">tra queſte coſe con le ueccbie tauole acconciano gli ar
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0182-04" xlink:href="note-0182-04a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            mari doue ſaluano le tauole, detti Pinacothece, et fanno bonore alla effigie altrui non iſtimando l’honore ſe non nel precio, che lo herede le rom
              <lb/>
            pino, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14260" xml:space="preserve">il laccio del ladro le leuino, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14261" xml:space="preserve">coſi non uiuendo l’effigie d’alcuno laſciano nõ le loro imagini, ma quelle della pecunia. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14262" xml:space="preserve">Gli iſtesſi adorna
              <lb/>
            no le paleſtre de gli Athleti con imagini, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14263" xml:space="preserve">i luoghi loro doue ſi hanno ad ugnere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14264" xml:space="preserve">per li cubiculi portano le ſaccie dello Epicuro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14265" xml:space="preserve">li por
              <lb/>
            tano ſeco à torno. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14266" xml:space="preserve">Nel loro Natale ſan ſacrificio al uigeſimo della Luna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14267" xml:space="preserve">ſeruano le ſeſte ogni meſe, che lcade ſono dette. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14268" xml:space="preserve">Eſpecialmente
              <lb/>
            quelli, che ancho in uita non uogliono eſſer conoſciuti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14269" xml:space="preserve">Et coſi e ueramẽte, che la pigritia ha rouinato l’arti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14270" xml:space="preserve">Et perche non ci ſono le imagini de
              <lb/>
            gli animi, ancho quelle de i corpiſono ſprezzate. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14271" xml:space="preserve">Altramente appreſſo i maggiort erano quelle ne gli Atrij, perche guardati fuſſero non i ſegni
              <lb/>
            de gli Artefici ſoreſtieri, non i Metalli, non i Marmi, ma i uolti eſpresſi nella cera per ciaſcun armario erã diſpoſti, accioche iui ſuſſero le ima-
              <lb/>
            gine, che nelle eſſequi
              <unsure/>
            e accompagnaſſero i Funerali delle caſate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14272" xml:space="preserve">ſempre che uno era morto, ſi trouaua preſente per ord
              <unsure/>
            ine tutta la moltitu-
              <lb/>
            dine, che era ſtata di quella famiglia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14273" xml:space="preserve">gli ordini, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14274" xml:space="preserve">gradi cõliſte di Rame erano trapposte alle imagini dipinte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14275" xml:space="preserve">Erano ancho tra le porte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14276" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            ſogli delle porte le imagine de i grandisſimi animi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14277" xml:space="preserve">attaccate le ſpoglie de i nemici, lequalt ne da chi compraua la caſa era lecito, che rotte
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0182-05" xlink:href="note-0182-05a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            fuſſero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14278" xml:space="preserve">mutati i patroni reſtauano gl’ornamenci delle caſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14279" xml:space="preserve">queſto era un grande ſtimolo, che le caſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14280" xml:space="preserve">i tetti ogni giorno rinſacciaua-
              <lb/>
            no, che un dapoco patrone entraſſe nel trionſo d’altri.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14281" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14282" xml:space="preserve">Ecco che da questo luogo ſi può hauer il ſentimento di Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14283" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14284" xml:space="preserve">come nello Atrio era il Tablino, le imagini, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14285" xml:space="preserve">le ſtatue. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14286" xml:space="preserve">Similmente Ouidio nella
              <lb/>
            ottaua Elegia del primo de gli Amori dice. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14287" xml:space="preserve">Nec te dicipiant ueteris quinque Atria ceræ, uolendo dimostrare una grande, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14288" xml:space="preserve">antica nobiltà à
              <lb/>
            cui non bastaſſero cinque Atrij per porre le imagini di cera de i maggiori. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14289" xml:space="preserve">L’uſo adunque di queſti Atri, et delle parti loro come Ale è Tablini
              <lb/>
            è di già maniſeſto per le parole di questi buoni autori. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14290" xml:space="preserve">Per procedere adunque ordinatamente nel diſſegno de gli Atrij, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14291" xml:space="preserve">nel compartimen-
              <lb/>
            to delle caſe, accioche egli s’intenda questa materia riputata (come inuero è) da tutti diſſicilima. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14292" xml:space="preserve">Io dico, che biſogna prima uenire alla pianta,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14293" xml:space="preserve">con linee diſſegnare l’Atrio in longbezza, et larghezza ſecondo una di quelle proportioni, che ha poſto Vit. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14294" xml:space="preserve">ò di un quadro è mezzo, ò Dia-
              <lb/>
            gonale, ò d’un quadro e due terzi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14295" xml:space="preserve">qui noi l’hauemo fatto d’un quadro è mezzo incluſo nelle lettere A B C D. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14296" xml:space="preserve">Venimo poi al diſſegno delle
              <lb/>
            A le, che ſono dalla deſtra, et dalla ſiniſtra ſolamente, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14297" xml:space="preserve">ſono portichi, e colonnati, et perche dipendono dalla proportione della longhezza del-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0182-06" xlink:href="note-0182-06a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            l’Atrio, accioche cõ eſſo ſiano proportionate, è neceſſario ſapere di quanti piedi ſia la longhezza dello A trio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14298" xml:space="preserve">Qui adunque fatto hauemo l’A-
              <lb/>
            trio longo 80 piedi, la doue cader à ſotto laregola, che dice Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14299" xml:space="preserve">che ſe lo Atrio ſerà longo da 80 in 100 piedi, tutta la ſua longhezza ſi par-
              <lb/>
            tira in s parti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14300" xml:space="preserve">una di eſſe ſi dara alle Ale à queſto modo, che la 5 parte di 80 ſi diuide in due parti eguali, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14301" xml:space="preserve">unaſi da alla destra Ala l’altra
              <lb/>
            alla ſiniſtra, non ponendo però à questo conto la groſſezza delle colonne percioche le Ale uenirebbero molto ſtrette. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14302" xml:space="preserve">La larghezza adunque
              <lb/>
            delle Ale ſera 8 piedi, perche 16 e un quinto di 80. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14303" xml:space="preserve">Queſto Atrio adũque ſerà 80 piedi lõgo e. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14304" xml:space="preserve">53 onz. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14305" xml:space="preserve">16 largo, et hauerà l’ Ale di 8 piedi ſenza
              <lb/>
            la groſſezza delle colonne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s14306" xml:space="preserve">L’altezza ueramente de gli Atri è la iſteſſa in tutti, cioè ſi ſa ad uno isteſſo modo, che leuando un quarto della </s>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>