Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

Table of Notes

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              <pb o="51" file="0057" n="59" rhead="SECONDO."/>
            to Lateritio da gli antichi, fa la Fabrica piu ſana, ma molto da Terremoti patiſce, ſia però groſſo da ſolſtener i Palchi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5400" xml:space="preserve">Il Loto da fabricare
              <lb/>
            ſia ſimile al Bitume, che posto nell’acqua lentamente ſi disfaccia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5401" xml:space="preserve">s’attacchi alle mani, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5402" xml:space="preserve">aſciutto bene’s ammasſi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5403" xml:space="preserve">L’opera di Lote di ſuo-
              <lb/>
            ri ueſtita ſia di calce, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5404" xml:space="preserve">dentro digeſſo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5405" xml:space="preserve">come ſi dira nel settimo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5406" xml:space="preserve">Lanuda pietra eſſer deue quadra, ſoda, grande dura, ſenza ſcaglie
              <lb/>
            trappoſte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5407" xml:space="preserve">Sia meſſa in opera ſolo con arpeſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5408" xml:space="preserve">chiodi, perche gliarpeſi fanno, che le peitre ſtiano al pari, i chiodi legano il di ſopra, con
              <lb/>
            quello, che è diſotto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5409" xml:space="preserve">Gli arpeſi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5410" xml:space="preserve">chiodi d’Ottone non irruginiſcono, ma fannoſi di Ferro è di legno, fermanſi quelli di ferro ò d’ottone con
              <lb/>
            piombo ſcollato, que di legno con la forma loro, che dalla ſimiglianza coda di rondine detti ſono. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5411" xml:space="preserve">La terza parte di Stagno meſcolata con quei
              <lb/>
            d’Ottone piu dureuoli i rende, ſe ancho ſeranno unti con oglio, ò bitume. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5412" xml:space="preserve">Il ferro con Sbiacca, Geſſo, ſi ſerba dalla ruggine, biſogna ben guar
              <lb/>
            dare, che l’acque non tocchino gli arpeſi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5413" xml:space="preserve">Matornamo alla muratura, ponerai dalle ſponde tauole, ò craticciper ſoſtegno, fino che ſi aſciughino,
              <lb/>
            a queimuri che ſono fatti di rotami, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5414" xml:space="preserve">qui ſiè trouato modo di gettar le Colonne nelle forme di legno, per ſcemar la ſpeſa, empiſi la forma di
              <lb/>
            ogni ſorte di rotame con molta calce, altri ui laſciano nel mezzo l’anima di Rouere, ò di Mattoni, per ſicurta, altri fanno la paſta con minute
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0057-01" xlink:href="note-0057-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            pietre, laſciano aſciugarla, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5415" xml:space="preserve">aſciutta leuano la forma, danno la incrostatura, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5416" xml:space="preserve">la intonicatura alla Colonna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5417" xml:space="preserve">la fingono di Marmo, ò di
              <lb/>
            meſchio, ò come uogliano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5418" xml:space="preserve">La Pietra ritonda, ſe non e da ogni parta fortificat, non e ſerma, però pongono ne i muri fatti di queſte pietre per
              <lb/>
            ogni tre piedi Pietre angulari alquanto grandette, Si pone in queſte opere il giunco Marino, con ls Sparto, fanſi craticci ò uer ſtore di can-
              <lb/>
            ne ſecche, empionſi di loto & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5419" xml:space="preserve">paglia mecſolata per tre giorni poi copronſi con calce, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5420" xml:space="preserve">geßo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5421" xml:space="preserve">ſi dipingono, et è buono col geſſo inſieme por
              <lb/>
            ui la terza parte di uaſi di terra bene piſtati, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5422" xml:space="preserve">per dire quanto ſi può in queſta materia ſeguirai l’opera del muro in modo, che la parte fatta
              <lb/>
            del muro habbia fatto alquanto di preſa coſi fanno le Rondini, perche neiloro nidi laſciano alquanto ſeccare il primo fango, et poi ue ne ap-
              <lb/>
            portano dell’altro. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5423" xml:space="preserve">Segno che la calce è aſciutta, e quando ella manda fuori una lanugine, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5424" xml:space="preserve">certo fiorume da muratori conoſciuto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5425" xml:space="preserve">Ceſſan-
              <lb/>
            do dall’ opera ſia il muro con paglia coperto accioche il ſucco dal Sole, ò dal uento ſeccato non ſuaniſca prima che ſia fatta la preſa. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5426" xml:space="preserve">Quando
              <lb/>
            poi ſi ripiglia il lauo ro deueſi molto bene adoperar dell’acqua. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5427" xml:space="preserve">Ilgroſſo muro non bad’armatura biſogno perche è armatura à ſeſteſſo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5428" xml:space="preserve">Laſcia
              <lb/>
            il luogo commodo per le apriture facendoui un’arco, ilquale otturato ſia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5429" xml:space="preserve">al biſogno ſi apra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5430" xml:space="preserve">queſto ſi fa, perche il peſo non aggraue trop
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0057-02" xlink:href="note-0057-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            po la parte uoto, chiuuole aggingnere al muro, per la groſſezza di eſſo ui laſcia i denti ſporti in fuori. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5431" xml:space="preserve">Gli anguli, perche participan di due
              <lb/>
            lati, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5432" xml:space="preserve">ſono per tener dritto il muro, però deono eſſer fermisſimi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5433" xml:space="preserve">con lunghe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5434" xml:space="preserve">dure pietre, come con braccia tenuti, per ilche faceuanſi
              <lb/>
            gia il doppio del muro piugrosſi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5435" xml:space="preserve">Ettanto detto ſia d’intorno alla ſoprapoſta diuiſione, laqual ſe benef ſera conſiderata, non ha dubbio che ella
              <lb/>
            non ſia per apportare giouamento mirabile alle conſiderationi de ſaui, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5436" xml:space="preserve">alle oper ationi de maeſtri, ma noitornamo à Vitruuio.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5437" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5438" xml:space="preserve">Queſte Fabriche Greche in due modi ſi murano, l’uno è detto eguale, l’altro diſegual, Il primo è quando tuttii cor-
              <lb/>
            ſi ſeranno eguali in grandezza, l’altro, e quando gli ordini de i corſi non ſeranno drizzati pari. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5439" xml:space="preserve">L’una, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5440" xml:space="preserve">l’altra ma
              <lb/>
            niera per cio è ferma, perche prima i cementi ſono diſoda, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5441" xml:space="preserve">denſa natura, ne aſciugar poſſono il liquore della ma-
              <lb/>
            teria, ma conſeruano quelle nell’humor ſuo ſino alla uecchiezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5442" xml:space="preserve">iletti loro piano, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5443" xml:space="preserve">benef liuellati non laſciano
              <lb/>
            la materia rouinare, ma con la continuata groſſezza de Pareti coſi legati durano longamente. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5444" xml:space="preserve">Euui un’altra manie
              <lb/>
            ra di Fabrica riempita nominata, la quale ancho dai noſtri uillani ſi uſa, dellaquale ſono ſolamente le fronti polite,
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0057-03" xlink:href="note-0057-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            ma le altre parti come nate ſono, poſte inſieme con la materia legano con ſtrettisſime legature, mai noſtri per iſpe-
              <lb/>
            dirſene preſto ſacendoui i corſi dritti, eleuati ſeruaeno alli fronti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5445" xml:space="preserve">nel mezzo empiono di ſpezzati cementi ſepara-
              <lb/>
            tamente con la materia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5446" xml:space="preserve">à queſto modo in quella muratura lauano e drizzano tre croſte, due delle fronti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5447" xml:space="preserve">una
              <lb/>
            nel mezzo del riempimento. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5448" xml:space="preserve">I Greci ueramente non fanno à queſta guiſa, ma ponendoli piani, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5449" xml:space="preserve">ordinando le lon
              <lb/>
            ghezze de i corſi conalternati congiugnimenti in groſſezza, non empiono il mezzao, ma cõ i loro mattoni, che ſron-
              <lb/>
            tati chiamano continuato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5450" xml:space="preserve">in una groſſezza raſſodato fanno il Parete, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5451" xml:space="preserve">oltra le altre coſe interpongono quelli,
              <lb/>
            che da l’una & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5452" xml:space="preserve">l’altra parte hanno le fronti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5453" xml:space="preserve">ſono di continuata groſſezza detti Diatoni, i quali ſommamente ſtri-
              <lb/>
            gnendo confermano la ſodezza de i muri, Et però ſe alcuno uorra di queſti commentarij, elegger la maniera di mu
              <lb/>
            rare, potra molto bene hauere alla perpetuita riguardo, percioche qulle Fabriche, lequali ſono di cemento, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5454" xml:space="preserve">di ſot
              <lb/>
            tile aſpetto di bellezza, non poſſono fare che col tempo ruinoſe non ſiano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5455" xml:space="preserve">Etperò quando egli ſi elegge gli arbi-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0057-04" xlink:href="note-0057-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            trei de communi Pareti, non ſi ſtima per quanto prezzo esſi ſono ſtati fabricati, ma riguardando nelle loro ſcritture,
              <lb/>
            i, precij delle loro locationi, leuano d’ogni anno, che paſſato ſia la ottanteſima, parte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5456" xml:space="preserve">coſi del reſtante della ſomma
              <lb/>
            commandano, che reſtituito ſia una parte, per tai pareti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5457" xml:space="preserve">ſententiano, che esſi piu che ottanta anni durar non poſ-
              <lb/>
            ſino. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5458" xml:space="preserve">Ma de i Pareti fatti di Mattoni, pure che dritti, à piombo fatti ſieno, niente ſi leua, ma per quanto prezzo ſe-
              <lb/>
            ranno ſtati fabricati, tanto ſempre ſtimati ſeranno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5459" xml:space="preserve">pero in alcune Città, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5460" xml:space="preserve">le opere publiche, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5461" xml:space="preserve">le priuate caſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5462" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            le reali di Mattoni fabbricate ſiuedeno. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5463" xml:space="preserve">Et prima in Athene il muro, che riguarda uerſo il monte Himeto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5464" xml:space="preserve">Pete-
              <lb/>
            lenſe ſi può uedere. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5465" xml:space="preserve">Etancho, i, Paretinel Tempio di Gioue, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5466" xml:space="preserve">di Hercole le Celle ſono de Mattoni, eſſendo d’in-
              <lb/>
            torno gli Architraui, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5467" xml:space="preserve">le Colonne di Pietra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5468" xml:space="preserve">In Italia in Arezzo cuui il muro benisſimo fatto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5469" xml:space="preserve">in Tralli la caſa
              <lb/>
            di Re Attalici, che al Sacerdote di quel luogo per ſtanza, e conſegnata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5470" xml:space="preserve">coſi di Lacedemone d’alcuni Pareti ſono le
              <lb/>
            pitture tagliate, che intagliati i mattoni poſte erano in alcune forme di legno, lequali poſcia ad ornamento della edi
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0057-05" xlink:href="note-0057-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            lita di Varrone, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5471" xml:space="preserve">di Murena furono nel comitio portate. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5472" xml:space="preserve">La caſa di Creſo laquale, i, Sardi, a, i cittadini per ripoſo
              <lb/>
            della età per lo collegio de i piu uecchi dedicarono fù detta Geruſia. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5473" xml:space="preserve">Etin Alicarnaſo la caſa del potentisſimo Re
              <lb/>
            Mauſolo hauendo di preconesſio Marmo tutte l’lpere adornate, h ài Pareti fatti di Mattoni, i quali ſin à queſto tem
              <lb/>
            po rittengono una fermezza merauiglioſa, coſi con intonicature, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5474" xml:space="preserve">croſte politi, che come uertri riluceno, ne ciò fat-
              <lb/>
            to fu per biſogno, che quel Signor haueſſe, per che richisſimo era d’intrate, come quello, che à tutta la Caria domina-
              <lb/>
            ua. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5475" xml:space="preserve">Main queſto modo è da conſiderar la ſolertia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5476" xml:space="preserve">acutezza ſua nel fabricare, percioche eſſendo egli Milaſio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5477" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            hauendo ueduto il lugogo d’Halicarnaſſo di natura munito, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5478" xml:space="preserve">hauer idoneo bazarro, ò mercato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5479" xml:space="preserve">il porto commo-
              <lb/>
            do iui ſi fece la ſtanza. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5480" xml:space="preserve">Queſto luogo è ſimile alla curuatura d’un Theatro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5481" xml:space="preserve">nella parte di dentro appreſſo il pro-
              <lb/>
            to eil Foro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5482" xml:space="preserve">per mezzo la curuatura dell’altezza, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5483" xml:space="preserve">della cinta ui è una larghisſima piazzo, nel mezzo dellaquale,
              <lb/>
            è fabricato il Mauſoleo di ſi fatta, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5484" xml:space="preserve">nobil opera, che, è, numerato tra i ſette ſpettacoli del Mõdo, nel mezzo dell’alta
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0057-06" xlink:href="note-0057-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            Rocca,e il Tempio di Marte, che tiene la ſtatua del Coloſſo, detta Acrolitho fatta dalla nobile mano di Telocare; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5485" xml:space="preserve">ben
              <lb/>
            che altri dicono di Timotheo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5486" xml:space="preserve">Ma nella ſommità del deſtro corno, è il tempio di Venere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5487" xml:space="preserve">di Mercurio, appreſſo’la
              <lb/>
            Fonte Salmacide, che per falſa oppinioue uien detto, che tenga di uenerea infirmita oppres ſi chi beono di quella.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5488" xml:space="preserve">Ma à me non rincreſcera di dire da che nata ſia queſta oppinione falſamente nel mondo, percioche eſſer non può,
              <lb/>
            quello che ſi dice, che gli huomini per quella acqua diuentino molli, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5489" xml:space="preserve">impudichi, ma la uirtù di quella Fonte, è,
              <lb/>
            molto chiara, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5490" xml:space="preserve">il ſapore egregio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5491" xml:space="preserve">Hauendo adunque Melante, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5492" xml:space="preserve">Areuania da Argo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5493" xml:space="preserve">Tropzena in que luoghi una
              <lb/>
            commune Colonia Ridotta, ſacciarono, i, Barbari di Caras, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5494" xml:space="preserve">di Lelege. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5495" xml:space="preserve">Queſti ſcacciati, à i monti ſi raunarono in-
              <lb/>
            ſieme, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5496" xml:space="preserve">faceuano molte correrie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5497" xml:space="preserve">rubbando in quelluogo crudelmente uccideuano gli habitanti, auuenne poi,
              <lb/>
            che uno de gli habitatori affine di guadagnare fece per la bontà dell’acque, una ricca hoſteria, e tenẽdola fornita allet
              <lb/>
            taua quei Barbari, iquali à poco à poco uenendoui, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5498" xml:space="preserve">mettendoſi inſieme, di duro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5499" xml:space="preserve">ferigno coſtume nella uſanza
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0057-07" xlink:href="note-0057-07a" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
            de Greci uoleutieri ſi riduceuano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5500" xml:space="preserve">Quell’acqua adunque non per dishoneſta hora perche io ſon uenuto alla dichia-
              <lb/>
            manità mitigati i feroci petti de i Barbari acquiſto fece di quella fama. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5501" xml:space="preserve">Reſta hora perche io ſon uenuto alla dichia-
              <lb/>
            ratione delle loro muraglie, che io le deſcriua tutti come ſono. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5502" xml:space="preserve">Come adunque nella deſtra parte, è il Tempio di
              <lb/>
            Venere, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5503" xml:space="preserve">la Fonte predetta, coſi nel ſiniſtro corno, e il palazzio Reale, il quale per ſe fece Mauſolo fabricare, perche
              <lb/>
            dalla deſtra il Foro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5504" xml:space="preserve">tutta la terminatione del porto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5505" xml:space="preserve">delle mura ſi uede, ſotto la ſiniſtra, è il porto ſecreto ſotto
              <lb/>
            i monti naſcoſo in modo, che niuno può ueder, ò ſaper quello, che iui ſi faccia, accioche eſſo Re dal ſuo bel palazzo, </s>
          </p>
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