Vitruvius Pollio, I dieci libri dell?architettura, 1567

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <subchap1>
              <subchap2>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.000175">
                    <pb pagenum="7" xlink:href="045/01/015.jpg"/>
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  te à quelli, che gli fanno. </s>
                  <s id="s.000176">La doue potremo dire l'Architetto non eſſer Fabro, non maeſtro di
                    <lb/>
                  legname, non muratore, non ſeparatamente certo, & determinato artefice, ma capo, ſopraſtante,
                    <lb/>
                  & regolatore di tutt i gli arteficij: come quello, che non ſia prima, a tanto grado ſalito, che egli
                    <lb/>
                  non ſi habbia prima in molte, & diuerſe dottrine, & opere eſſercitato. </s>
                  <s id="s.000177">Sopraſtando adunque di­
                    <lb/>
                  moſtra, diſegna, diſtribuiſce, ordina, & comanda. </s>
                  <s id="s.000178">& in queſti uffici appare la dignità dell'Ar­
                    <lb/>
                  chitettura eſſer alla ſapienza uicina, & come uirtù heroica nel mezo di tutte le arti dimorare. </s>
                  <s id="s.000179">
                    <lb/>
                  perche ſola intende le cagioni; ſola abbraccia le belle, & alte coſe: ſola, dico, tra tutte l'Arti
                    <lb/>
                  partecipa delle piu certe ſcienze, come è l'Arithmetica, & la Geometria, & le altre, ſenza le­
                    <lb/>
                  quali (come s'è detto) ogni arte è uile, & ſenza riputatione. </s>
                  <s id="s.000180">Vedendo adunque Vitr. l'Archi­
                    <lb/>
                  tettura eſſer tale, dice prima ella eſſer
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  {
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Scienza.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  }
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  & per Scienza intende cognitione, & rau­
                    <lb/>
                  nanza di molti precetti, & ammaeſtramenti, che unitamente riguardano alla conoſcenza d'un fi­
                    <lb/>
                  ne propoſto. </s>
                  <s id="s.000181">poi perche in queſto la Architettura conuiene conmolte altre ſcienze, delle quali par
                    <lb/>
                  titamente ſi puo dire, che ciaſcuna ſia cognitione: però Vitr. le attribuiſce alcune differenze,
                    <lb/>
                  che riſtringono quello intendimento uniuerſale, & commune del predetto nome. </s>
                  <s id="s.000182">& queſto è ufficio
                    <lb/>
                  della uera diffinitione, cioè dichiarire la natura, & la forza della coſa diffinita, inmodo che ella
                    <lb/>
                  da tutte altre coſe diſtinta, & ſeparata ſi conoſca. </s>
                  <s id="s.000183">& però foggiugne Vitr.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  {
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Di molte diſcipline, &
                    <lb/>
                  di diuerſi ammaeſtramenti ornata.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  }
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Et diſtingue per le dette parole l'Architettura, da molte par
                    <lb/>
                  ticolari notitie, che uengono da i ſenſi, ſtanno nella iſperienza, & ſi eſſercitano per pratica. </s>
                  <s id="s.000184">Nè
                    <lb/>
                  per queſto anchora è bene diffinita l'Architettura: percioche ſe quiui reſtaſſe la diffinitione, ella
                    <lb/>
                  ſarebbe commune, & piu ampia di quello, che ſi conuiene. </s>
                  <s id="s.000185">Imperoche l'Arte del dire, la Me­
                    <lb/>
                  dicina, & molte altre Arti, & ſcienze ornate ſono dimolte dottrine, & di diuerſi ammaeſtra­
                    <lb/>
                  menti, come chiaramente per gli ſcritti di Cicerone, di Galeno, & d'altri autori ſi uede. </s>
                  <s id="s.000186">Riſtri­
                    <lb/>
                  gnendo adunque Vitr. con maggiori proprietà la ſua diffinitione, dice
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  {
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Dal cui giudicio s'appro­
                    <lb/>
                  uano tutte le opere, che dalle altre arti ſi fanno.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  }
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Ecco l'ultima differenza, che ne i ueri, & giu­
                    <lb/>
                  ſti termini, & quaſi confini rinchiude l'Architettura. </s>
                  <s id="s.000187">percioche il giudicare le opere compiute dal
                    <lb/>
                  le Arti, è proprio di lei, & non d'altre. </s>
                  <s id="s.000188">L'oratore s'adorna di molte Arti, & diſcipline, &
                    <lb/>
                  quelle grandiſſime, ſono, & belliſſime. </s>
                  <s id="s.000189">Il ſimigliante fa il Medico; ma l'uno, & l'altro hanno
                    <lb/>
                  diuerſi intendimenti. </s>
                  <s id="s.000190">l'Oratore s'adorna per potere perſuadere, cioè indurre opinione in ogni ma­
                    <lb/>
                  teria propoſta. </s>
                  <s id="s.000191">Il Medico per indurre, ò conſeruare la ſanità. </s>
                  <s id="s.000192">Malo Architetto ſolo per giu­
                    <lb/>
                  dicare, & approuare le opere perfette dalle altre Arti: perfette, dico, ouer compiute, come di­
                    <lb/>
                  ce Vitr. però che non ſi può giudicare ſe non le cofe finite, accio niuna ſcuſa ſia dello Artefice. </s>
                  <s id="s.000193">
                    <lb/>
                  Vero è anche queſto, che lo Architetto ſopraſtando mentre che ſi fanno le opere, giudica ſe el­
                    <lb/>
                  le ſi fanno bene, ò male, & approua queſta, et biaſma quella, ſecondo il giudicio, & la cognitio­
                    <lb/>
                  ne, che eglì ha; & forſe queſta è migliore eſpoſitione che la di ſopra. </s>
                  <s id="s.000194">Dalla diffinitione dell'Ar­
                    <lb/>
                  chitettura, ſi comprende che coſa è Architetto, & ſi conoſce, Architetto eſser colui, che
                    <lb/>
                  per certa, & merauiglioſa ragione, & uia sì con la mente, & con l'animo ſa determinare, co­
                    <lb/>
                  me con lo inſegnare, & con l'opera condurre à fine quelle coſe, che dal mouimento de i peſidal
                    <lb/>
                  compartimento de i corpi, & dalla compoſitione delle opere à beneficio de gli huomini ſaranno
                    <lb/>
                  commendate.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  {
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Architettura è ſcienza ornata di molte diſcipline, & di diuerſi ammaeſtramen­
                    <lb/>
                  ti.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  }
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Et per diſciplina intende quello, che i diſcepoli imparano. </s>
                  <s id="s.000195">Et per ammaeftramenti, quello
                    <lb/>
                  che i maeſtri inſegnano. </s>
                  <s id="s.000196">il parlare è inſtrumento dello inſegnare, & l'udire dello imparare. </s>
                  <s id="s.000197">La dot­
                    <lb/>
                  trina comincia nel concetto di colui, che inſegna, & ſi eſtende ſino alle parole. </s>
                  <s id="s.000198">la diſciplina co­
                    <lb/>
                  mincia nell'udito di colui, che impara, & termina nel concetto. </s>
                  <s id="s.000199">Ma bella coſa èil ſupponere'
                    <lb/>
                  per ragione, & dimoſtrare per pratica; in quello è la Dottrina, in queſto è la Eruditione, cioè lo
                    <lb/>
                  ſgroſſamento.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  {
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Per lo cui giuditio s'approuano.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  }
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Il giudicare è coſa eccellentißima, & non
                    <lb/>
                  ad altri conceſſa, che à i ſaui, & prudenti: percioche il giuditio ſi fa ſopra le coſe conoſciute,
                    <lb/>
                  & per quello
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  , {
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  S'approua
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  ,}
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  cioè ſi dà la ſentenza, & ſi dimoſtra, che con ragione ſiè ope­
                    <lb/>
                  rato. </s>
                  <s id="s.000200">Approua adunque l'Architettura, l'opere fatte dalle altre arti. </s>
                  <s id="s.000201">Opera è quello artificio
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  , </s>
                </p>
              </subchap2>
            </subchap1>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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