Vitruvius Pollio, I dieci libri dell?architettura, 1567

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
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                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001815">
                    <pb pagenum="85" xlink:href="045/01/093.jpg"/>
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  di lauoro detta Campania, ritiene il nome. </s>
                  <s id="s.001816">Reticulato, & incerto queſti ſono due modi di po­
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                  ner'a ſilo, ouero inſieme i corſi delle pietre. </s>
                  <s id="s.001817">il Reticulato è coſi detto, perche nella muratura di­
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                  moſtra la diuiſione da una pietra all'altra in modo di rete, & queſto non ſi puo fare, ſe almeno una
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                  facciata della pietra non è quadrata, & polita. </s>
                  <s id="s.001818">biſogna anche, che ſtiano in modo, che gli angu
                    <lb/>
                  li ſi tocchino, come per la ſoprapoſta figura ſi uede. </s>
                  <s id="s.001819">La incerta è quella, che ſi ſa di pietre di di­
                    <lb/>
                  uerſe figure a caſo poſte. </s>
                  <s id="s.001820">perche quello, che ſi dice lauorare a caſſa, è quello, che di ſotto è det­
                    <lb/>
                  to Emplecton. </s>
                  <s id="s.001821">ma hora ſi ragiona di quello, che appare di fuori. </s>
                  <s id="s.001822">La correttione dello incerto, ac
                    <lb/>
                  cioche ſia ſicuro, & forte, ſi fa come per figura s'è mostrato di ſopra. </s>
                  <s id="s.001823">imperoche egli è neceſſario
                    <lb/>
                  legare ambe le fronti una con l'altra con attrauerſata muratura, et empire il uano con pietre meſco
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                  late con molta calce. </s>
                  <s id="s.001824">Ordinaria muratura è quella, doue le pietre quadrate, le giuſte, o le grandi ſi
                    <lb/>
                  pongono inſieme ordinatamente a ſquadra, a liuello, & a piombo. </s>
                  <s id="s.001825">il che accenna Vitr. dicendo.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001826">Et però non ſi deue ſprezzare la muratura de Greei, ſe bene non l'uſano polita di molle
                    <lb/>
                  cemento, pure quando ſi parteno dalla pietra quadrata, fanno l'ordinaria di ſelice ouero
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                  di pietra dura.
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  La quale è mezana tra la incerta, & quella, che ſi fa di pietra quadrata. </s>
                  <s id="s.001827">
                    <lb/>
                  Ma biſogna auuertire, che il poggio, che forſe ſtereobata è detto da Vitr. hauer deue la incroſta
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                  tura di pietra quadrata, grande, & dura: perche queſta parte di muro ha biſogno di piu ſodezza,
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                  come parte, che ha della natura del fondamento, che ſostenga tutto il carico, & che piu ſia ui­
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                  cina all'humidità delle acque, o del terreno. </s>
                  <s id="s.001828">il che ſi deue oſſeruare ſpecialmente in Vinetia, & ſi
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                  oſſerua anche nelle caſe ben fatte. </s>
                  <s id="s.001829">Catone dice. </s>
                  <s id="s.001830">Leuerai da terra la fabrica un piede con ſoda pie
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                  tra, & calce, l'altre parti con crudo mattone potrai formare. </s>
                  <s id="s.001831">Ma in Venetia queſta parte è piu
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                  leuata, & ha del grande, & ha del ſodo, & arriua fin a cinque, & ſei piedi, & ſopra ui è il cor
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                  done di forma ritonda, ouero in forma di faſcia, che ſporta in fuori. </s>
                  <s id="s.001832">Fra i procinti s'interpongo­
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                  no alcune legature di pietre maggiori, le quali ſono come concatenationi dell'oſſa con l'oſſa, &
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                  delle croſte, che ſono dalla parte di dentro, con quelle, che ſono di fuori, & però quiui lunghe,
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                  larghe, & ſode pietre ſi richiedeno. </s>
                  <s id="s.001833">Si ſogliono fare anche altri procinti per legare le cantonate
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                  & tenere l'opere inſieme, ma piu rari. </s>
                  <s id="s.001834">Quelli primi deono conuenire a piombo, & a ſquadra den
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                  tro, & di fuori col muro, & queſti, che ſono maggiori come c ornici, o gocciolatoi ſportare; &
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                  con gli ordini, & corſi eſſere bene legati in modo, che come ſoprapoſto pauimento ſi ricuo­
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                  pra bene la fabrica. </s>
                  <s id="s.001835">Siano le pietre nelle murature una all'altra ſopraposte, come s'è detto, a
                    <lb/>
                  modo d'imbrici, ſi che la commiſſura di due ſoprapoſte, ſia nel mezo della pietra di ſotto, & que
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                  ſto ſpecialmente ne i procinti, & nelle legature. </s>
                  <s id="s.001836">Gli antichi nelle opere reticulate tirauano il le
                    <lb/>
                  gamento di cinque mattoni, o almeno di tre, che ouero tutti, ouero in un'ordine, almeno era di
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                  pietre non piu groſſe, che le altre, ma piu lunghe, & piu larghe. </s>
                  <s id="s.001837">Ma nelle opere ordinarie, per
                    <lb/>
                  ogni cinque piedi è ſtato a baſtanza un mattone di due piedi per legatura; però fabricando con
                    <lb/>
                  pietre maggiori piu raro legamento biſogna, & è quaſi a fufficienza la cornice ſola. </s>
                  <s id="s.001838">Laqual deue
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                  eſſer fatta con ſomma diligenza, & di ferme, & larghe pietre ordinarie, & giuſte, & ne i pare
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                  ti di crudi mattoni, la corona deue eſſer di terra cotta, accio ſia difeſa dalla pioggia, & leggie­
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                  ra di peſo. </s>
                  <s id="s.001839">Deueſi auuertire, che il marmo rifiuta la calce, & ſi macchia facilmente, la
                    <lb/>
                  doue gli antichi quanto meno poteuano adoprauano i marmi con la calce. </s>
                  <s id="s.001840">Dell'oſſa, & de ſoſte­
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                  gni, & delle apriture ſi dirà poi. </s>
                  <s id="s.001841">I compimenti trapoſti ſono tra l'oſſa, l'apriture, & l'altre
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                  parti, ne i quali ſono da conſiderare l'imboccature, i riempimenti, le intonicature tanto di den­
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                  tro quanto di fuori, perche ſi uede eſſer diſſerenza tra l'oſſa, & i compimenti; perche nell'oſſa ſi
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                  pongono grandi, ſode, & ordinate pietre, & ne i compimenti, minute, rotte, meno ordinarie,
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                  benche con molta calce, & arena. </s>
                  <s id="s.001842">Vero è, che perfetta ſarebbe la muratura, che tutta fuſſe
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                  di pietre quadrate, ma eſſendo di troppo ſpeſa, biſogna tra l'una ſcorza, & l'altra ponere alcune
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                  pietre ordinarie attrauerſate, nel muro, per unire le ſcorze. </s>
                  <s id="s.001843">le pietre da riempire non uogliono paſ
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                  ſare una libra di peſo, perche le pietre minute fanno miglior preſa. </s>
                  <s id="s.001844">nelle incroſtature di fuori ſi
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                  deono porre le pietre migliori, & prouate, come ha detto Vitr. lontane però dai cadimenti delle
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
              </subchap2>
            </subchap1>
          </chap>
        </body>
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    </archimedes>
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