Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <pb o="202" file="514.01.234" n="234" rhead="LIBER"/>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15079" xml:space="preserve">Eae autem ſtructuræ, quæ in aqua ſunt ſuturæ, uidentur ſic eſſe faciendæ, uti portetur puluis, à
                <lb/>
              regionibus, quæ ſunt a Cumis continuatæ ad promontorium Mineruæ, isq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15080" xml:space="preserve">miſceatur, ut in mortario
                <lb/>
              duo ad unum reſpondeant, deinde tuncin coloco, qui deſinitus erit, arcæ ſtipitibus robuſteis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15081" xml:space="preserve">ca-
                <lb/>
              tenis incluſæ in a quam demittendæ, diſtinendæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15082" xml:space="preserve">ſirmiter. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15083" xml:space="preserve">Deinde inter eas ex tráſtillis inferior pars
                <lb/>
              fub aqua exæquanda, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15084" xml:space="preserve">purganda, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15085" xml:space="preserve">cæmentis ex mortario materia mixta ( quemadmodũ ſupra ſcri-
                <lb/>
              ptum eſt ) ibi congerendum, donicum compleatur ſtructuræ ſpatium, quod fuerit inter arcas. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15086" xml:space="preserve">Hoc
                <lb/>
              autem munus naturale habent ea loca, quæ ſupra ſeripta ſunt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15087" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15088" xml:space="preserve">Puteolani pulueris uſus boc loco mire expetendus, de quo ſecundo uolumine plura. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15089" xml:space="preserve">nam quæ in aqua fiunt
                <lb/>
              structuræ ex mixtione eius pulueris in foſſa, quam mortarium dicunt, bene ſubigendo partium duarum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15090" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              unius calcis æternæ habentur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15091" xml:space="preserve">postea arcæ, quas nostri catarractas uocant, ita ſunt faciendæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15092" xml:space="preserve">Dolentur
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.234-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.234-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              planè trabes ex robore, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15093" xml:space="preserve">ab uno capite ad aliud excauentur ſulci, aut canaliculi tam lati, uti in eos ta-
                <lb/>
              bularum capita immitti poſſint. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15094" xml:space="preserve">tabulæ eæ æquæ magnitudinis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15095" xml:space="preserve">craſſitudinis eſſe debent, ut in canales im-
                <lb/>
              mitti poſſint & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15096" xml:space="preserve">confingi æquis ſpatijs inter ſe diſtantes, trabes autem non ſolum a capitibus, ſed etiam inter
                <lb/>
              mediam altitudinem tabularum ponendæ ſunt, ita ut bene coniungi, ac contineri poſſint, earum tabularum
                <lb/>
              commiſſuræ obturandæ, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15097" xml:space="preserve">concatenandæ ſunt, poſtea oneribus deorſum ad fundum demittendæ, immobili-
                <lb/>
              ter, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15098" xml:space="preserve">firmiter diſtinendæ, deinde ſpatium, quod inter huiuſmodi arcas continebitur exinanietur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15099" xml:space="preserve">explana-
                <lb/>
              bitur ijs machinis, de quibus libro decimo agitur, ibi palificationibus innixi ab ijs demittemus iam præpara-
                <lb/>
              tam materiem ad ſtructuram cum lapidibus permixtam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15100" xml:space="preserve">ad firmitatem in aqua ſtrues hoc modo, cum im-
                <lb/>
              petus aquæ non te impediet.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15101" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15102" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Sinavtem</emph>
              propter fluctus, autimpetus aperti pelagi’deſtinatæ arcæ non potuerint contineri,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.234-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.234-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              tunc ab ipſa terra ſiue crepidine puluinus quàm firmiſsime ſtruatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15103" xml:space="preserve">Isq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15104" xml:space="preserve">puluinus exæquata ſtruatur
                <lb/>
              planitie, minus quam dimidiæ partis, reliauo
                <unsure/>
              m, quod eſt proxime littus, proclinatum latus habeat.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15105" xml:space="preserve">Deinde ad ipſam a quam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15106" xml:space="preserve">latera puluino circiter ſeſquipedales margines ſtruantur æquilibros ei pla-
                <lb/>
              nitiæ, quæ ſupra ſcripta eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15107" xml:space="preserve">Tunc proclinatio ea impleatur arena, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15108" xml:space="preserve">exæquetur cum margine inpla-
                <lb/>
              nitia puluini. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15109" xml:space="preserve">Deinde inſupeream exæquationem pila quàm magna conſtituta fuerit, ibi ſtruatur,
                <lb/>
              eaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15110" xml:space="preserve">cum erit extructa, relinquatur ne minus quàm duos menſes, ut ſicceſcat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15111" xml:space="preserve">Tunc autem ſuccida-
                <lb/>
              tur margo, quæ ſuſtinet arenam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15112" xml:space="preserve">Ita arena fluctibus ſubruta efficiet in mare pilæ præcipitationem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15113" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              Hac ratione quotieſcunque opus fuerit, in aquam poterit eſſe progreſſus.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15114" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15115" xml:space="preserve">Vt brachium in mare protenſum efficias paulatim a ripa ſtructura eſt incohanda, ſcamnumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15116" xml:space="preserve">efficies, pul-
                <lb/>
              uinum uocat Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15117" xml:space="preserve">quod partim in plano ſedeat, partim ſit proclinatum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15118" xml:space="preserve">pars proclinata uerſus littus eſt fa-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.234-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.234-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              cienda, circa ſcamnum margines facito a captite uerſus mare, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15119" xml:space="preserve">a lateribus æquilibres illi ſcamno, pendentemq́;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15120" xml:space="preserve">partem arena complebis, donec planam partem exæquaueris. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15121" xml:space="preserve">Supra ſcamnum pilam eriges craſſam ex iam
                <lb/>
              dicta materie, quam per duos menſes exſiccari permittes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15122" xml:space="preserve">Succides inde marginem, uide bisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15123" xml:space="preserve">arenam ex ſuc-
                <lb/>
              ciſione dilapſam ſubrui, pilamq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15124" xml:space="preserve">paulatim collapſam in mare demum præcipitari, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15125" xml:space="preserve">partem littori proximam
                <lb/>
              implere, atque ita cum progreſſus in mare uolueris facere, ſcamnis, marginibus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15126" xml:space="preserve">pilis, eo modo quo dictũ
                <lb/>
              eſt, extructis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15127" xml:space="preserve">demiſſis, opus egregium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15128" xml:space="preserve">firmum efficies in his locis, in quibus puteolanus non deeſt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15129" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15130" xml:space="preserve">In quibus autem locis puluis non naſcitur, his rationibus erit faciendum, uti arcæ duplices,
                <unsure/>
              rela-
                <lb/>
              tis tabulis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15131" xml:space="preserve">catenis colligatæ in eo loco, qui ſinitus erit, conſtituantur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15132" xml:space="preserve">inter deſtinatas creta me-
                <lb/>
              ronibus ex ulua paluſtri factis calcetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15133" xml:space="preserve">cum ita bene calcatum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15134" xml:space="preserve">quàm denſiſsimè fuerit, tunc co-
                <lb/>
              chleis, rotis, tympanis collocatis, locus, qui in ea ſeptione ſinitus ſuerit, exinaniatur, ſicceturq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15135" xml:space="preserve">, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15136" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.234-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.234-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              tunc ſtructura, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15137" xml:space="preserve">cæmentis, calce, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15138" xml:space="preserve">arena compleatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15139" xml:space="preserve">Sin autem mollis locus erit palis uſtulatis
                <lb/>
              alneis, aut oleagineis, aut robuſteis conſigatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15140" xml:space="preserve">carbonibus compleatur, quemadmodum in theatro
                <lb/>
              rum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15141" xml:space="preserve">muri fundatio nibus eſt ſcriptum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15142" xml:space="preserve">Deinde tunc quadrato ſaxo murus ducatur iuncturis quàm
                <lb/>
              longiſsimis, uti maxime medij lapides coagmentis contineantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15143" xml:space="preserve">Tunc qui locus erit inter murum,
                <lb/>
              ruderatione ſiue ſtructura compleatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15144" xml:space="preserve">ita erit, uti poſsit turris inſuper ædificari.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15145" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15146" xml:space="preserve">Diſtributionis est copias rerum parare ſecundum uſum, ſi quid uerò deest, ad alias copias quærendas, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15147" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              comparandas eundum eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15148" xml:space="preserve">Ita ferè ubique Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15149" xml:space="preserve">ad diſtributionem oculos uertit, quemadmodum etiam hoc
                <lb/>
              loco, ubi puteolanus puluis ad ſtructur as in aqua faciendas non habetur, docet quomodo faciendum ſit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15150" xml:space="preserve">Præparentur igirur tabulæ, ex quibus arcæ faciendæ ſunt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15151" xml:space="preserve">arcæ duplices ſint, tabulæ uero committantur
                <lb/>
              recte inter ſe, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15152" xml:space="preserve">in loco ad fabricandum destinato catenis colligatæ retine antur, inter eas ar cas conijciendi
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.234-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.234-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              ſunt ſacci ex paluſtri ulua conſuti, creta pleni, ad exugendum bumorem, tunc calcatis denſiſſime peronibus,
                <lb/>
              machinis ad hauriendam aquam aptis, de quibus decimo libro agitur, locus ille arcis circumſeptus exinania-
                <lb/>
              tur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15153" xml:space="preserve">ſtructuræ cæmentitia compleatur, iactis prius fundamentis craßioribus, quàm murus, qui ſupra fu-
                <lb/>
              turus ſit, modo ſolum ſolidum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15154" xml:space="preserve">terrenum ſit, nam ſi mollis, lutoſusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15155" xml:space="preserve">fuerit, palificationes faciendæ ſunt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15156" xml:space="preserve">ut aliàs docuit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15157" xml:space="preserve">cætera facilia ſunt in V itruuio. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15158" xml:space="preserve">Nunc de Naualibus agendum eſt, ut nihil opportunũ deſidera-
                <lb/>
              ripoſſit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15159" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15160" xml:space="preserve">His perfectis naualiorum ea erit ratio, ut conſtituantur ſpectantia maxime ad ſeptentrionem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15161" xml:space="preserve">ná
                <lb/>
              meridianæ regiones propter cœſtus, cariem, tineam, teredines, reliquasq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15162" xml:space="preserve">beſtiarum nocentium gene-
                <lb/>
              ra procreant, alendoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15163" xml:space="preserve">conſeruant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15164" xml:space="preserve">eaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15165" xml:space="preserve">ædificia minime ſunt materianda propter incendia. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15166" xml:space="preserve">De ma-
                <lb/>
              gnitudinibus autem finitio nulla debet eſſe, ſed faciunda ad maximum nauium modum, uti & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s15167" xml:space="preserve">ſi maio-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.234-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.234-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
            </p>
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