Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div688" type="section" level="2" n="128">
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19754" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="264" file="514.01.296" n="296" rhead="LIBER"/>
              quagenaria ſimiliter decem pedum pondo ſexcenta; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19755" xml:space="preserve">quadragenaria, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19756" xml:space="preserve">reliqua ut inquit Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19757" xml:space="preserve">qui etiam ſe
                <lb/>
              ipſum declarat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19758" xml:space="preserve">ea nomina hoc modo explicat.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19759" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19760" xml:space="preserve">Ex latitudine autem lamnarum quot digitos habuerint, antequam in rotundationem flectantur,
                <lb/>
              magnitudinum ita nomina concipiunt fiſtulæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19761" xml:space="preserve">Namque quæ lamna fuerit digitorum quinquaginta,
                <lb/>
              oũ fiſtula perſicietur ex ea lamna, uocabitur quinquagenaria, ſimiliterq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19762" xml:space="preserve">reliquæ.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19763" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19764" xml:space="preserve">Frontinus dicit incertam eſſe Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19765" xml:space="preserve">menſuram, quoniam cum cir cumagitur lamina ſicut interiore parte at-
                <lb/>
              trahitur, ita per illam, quæ foras ſpectat, excedit, maxime probabile eſt quinarium dictum a diametro quinque
                <lb/>
              quadratuum & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19766" xml:space="preserve">reliqua. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19767" xml:space="preserve">Hactenus quæ pertinet ad fiſtularum magnitudinem explicauit, restat ut de ducen-
                <lb/>
              dæ aquæ modo præcepta instituat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19768" xml:space="preserve">Dicit igitur</s>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19769" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Ea</emph>
              autem ductio, quæ per fiſtulas plumbeas eſt futura, hanc habebit expeditionem, quòd ſi caput
                <lb/>
              habeat libramenta ad mœnia, montesq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19770" xml:space="preserve">medij non fuerint altiores, ut poſsint interpellare, ſic neceſſe
                <lb/>
              eſt eorum interualla ſubſtruere ad libramenta, quemadmodum in riuis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19771" xml:space="preserve">canalibus dictum eſt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19772" xml:space="preserve">Sin autem non longa erit circuitio, circunductionibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19773" xml:space="preserve">Sin autem ualles erunt perpetuæ in declina-
                <lb/>
              to loco curſus dirigentur, cum uenerint ad imum, non alte ſubſtruitur, ut ſit libramentum quam
                <lb/>
              longiſsimum (hoc autem erit uenter, quod Græci appellant {χοιλαν} ) deinde cum uenerit ad aduer-
                <lb/>
              ſum cliuum, quia ex longo ſpatio uentris leniter tumeſcit, tunc exprimatur in altitudinem ſummi
                <lb/>
              oliui: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19774" xml:space="preserve">quòd ſi non uenter in uallibus factus fuerit, nec ſubſtructum ad libram factum, ſed geniculus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19775" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              erit, erumpet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19776" xml:space="preserve">diſſoluet fiſtularum commiſſuras. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19777" xml:space="preserve">Etiam in uentre columnaria ſunt facienda, per quæ
                <lb/>
              uis ſpiritus relaxetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19778" xml:space="preserve">Ita per fiſtulas plumbeas aquam qui ducent, his rationibus belliſsime poterunt
                <lb/>
              efficere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19779" xml:space="preserve">decurſus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19780" xml:space="preserve">circunductiones, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19781" xml:space="preserve">uentres, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19782" xml:space="preserve">expreſſus.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19783" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19784" xml:space="preserve">Ductus aquæ per fiſtulas plumbeas, aut impeditur, aut non impeditur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19785" xml:space="preserve">Non impeditur cum uel planum a
                <lb/>
              capite ad mœnia libratum eſt, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19786" xml:space="preserve">decurſum habet, uelmontes adeò alti non ſunt, ut interpellantur aquæ cur-
                <lb/>
              ſus, tunc interualla ſubſtruantur ad ea libramenta, quæ dicta ſunt in riuis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19787" xml:space="preserve">canalibus, ut ſcilicet æquabiles
                <lb/>
              habeant decurſus, fastigiaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19788" xml:space="preserve">temperata. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19789" xml:space="preserve">Impeditur montium obiectu uel etiam uallis depreſſione nimia.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19790" xml:space="preserve">Cum obijcitur mons, uel excauandus eſt, uel ſi non longa erit circuitio, ſubſtructio facienda eſt, quæ montem
                <lb/>
              oircundet, ut per latus montis obliqua ducatur aqua. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19791" xml:space="preserve">Siuallis perpetua erit, conſideranda hæc ſunt, aquæ
                <lb/>
              decurſus, libratio, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19792" xml:space="preserve">expreſſio, nam decurſus fit a capite aquæ ad uallem, libratio in profundo ual-
                <lb/>
              lis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19793" xml:space="preserve">expreſſio, cum ad cliuum cogetur aſcendere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19794" xml:space="preserve">vnde Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19795" xml:space="preserve">inquit {Sin ualles erunt perpetuæm de-
                <lb/>
              clinato loco curſus dirigentur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19796" xml:space="preserve">} Cum uero aqua ad uallem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19797" xml:space="preserve">imum peruenerit, tunc ſubſtructio fa-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.296-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.296-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              cienda eſt, non tamen alta nimis ſed longiſſimo libramento, hæc uenter appellatur, quoniam tanquam in uen
                <lb/>
              tre aquas continet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19798" xml:space="preserve">ſubleuatur in tumorẽ quendam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19799" xml:space="preserve">Vnde Palladius ita inquit, ſiſe uallis interſerat, ere-
                <lb/>
              ctas pilas, uęl arcus uſque ad aquæ iuſta uestigia conſtruimus, aut plumbeis fiſtulis clauſam deijci patiemur,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19800" xml:space="preserve">explicata ualle conſurgere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19801" xml:space="preserve">Explicata autem ualle conſurgere, eſt id quod Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19802" xml:space="preserve">dicit { tunc exprimatur
                <lb/>
              in altitudinem ſummi cliui } quod fit cum a monte deſcenderit in uallem, ſi in aduerſum montem cogatur con-
                <lb/>
              ſcendere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19803" xml:space="preserve">Neceße autem eſt uentrem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19804" xml:space="preserve">libramentum facere, ut longi uentris ſpatio leniter intumeſcentis
                <lb/>
              aqua non magno impetu in altitudinem exprimatur, nam ſi non uenter, ſed geniculus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19805" xml:space="preserve">flexus canalis fa-
                <lb/>
              ctus fuerit impetu nimio, dum conſcendet aqua, erumpet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19806" xml:space="preserve">diſſoluet fiſtularum commiſſuras. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19807" xml:space="preserve">Etiã in uentre
                <lb/>
              columnaria, ideſt putei, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19808" xml:space="preserve">ſpiramenta ſunt facienda, per quæ uis ſpiritus relaxetur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19809" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19810" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Item</emph>
              hac ratione cum habebunt a capitibus ad mœnia faſtigij libramenta, inter actus ducentos
                <lb/>
              non eſt inutile caſtella collocari, ut ſi quando uitium aliquis locus fecerit, non totum omneq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19811" xml:space="preserve">opus
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.296-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.296-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              contundatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19812" xml:space="preserve">in quibus locis ſit factum facilius inueniatur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19813" xml:space="preserve">ſed ea caſtella neque decurſu, neque
                <lb/>
              In uentris planitia, neque in expreſsionibus, neque omnino in uallibus, ſed in perpetua fiant æ-
                <lb/>
              qualitate.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19814" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19815" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam ductus aquarum magno fit ſumptu, ideo prouidendum est, ut cum uitium aliquod in fistulis factum
                <lb/>
              fuerit, continuo ipſum deprehendamus, ne totum opus contundamus in explorando loco, ubi uitium erit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19816" xml:space="preserve">Qua-
                <lb/>
              re illud animaduertendum eſt, ut caſtella ducentos actus distantia ſtruamus; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19817" xml:space="preserve">cum enim ad caſtellum aqua non
                <lb/>
              peruenerit, ſciemus uitium ſupra id in tubulis factum eſſe, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19818" xml:space="preserve">tunc reficere poterimus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19819" xml:space="preserve">Cauendum uero est, ne
                <lb/>
              caſtella in decurſu, aut in uentre, aut in expreſſione uel ualle struamus, quoniam multa incommoda ex ea
                <lb/>
              ſtructura ſenties, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19820" xml:space="preserve">damna.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19821" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19822" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Sin</emph>
              autem minore ſumptu uolueris aquam ducere, ſic erit faciendum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19823" xml:space="preserve">Tubuli craſſo corio ne
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.296-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.296-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              minus digitorum duorum fiant ex teſta, ſed ita ut hi tubuli ex una parte ſint lingulati, ut alius in alium
                <lb/>
              inire, conuenireq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19824" xml:space="preserve">poſsit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19825" xml:space="preserve">Tum coagmenta eorum calce uiua ex oleo ſubacta ſunt illinenda, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19826" xml:space="preserve">in
                <lb/>
              declinationibus libramenti uentris, lapis eſt ex ſaxo rubro in ipſo geniculo collocandus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19827" xml:space="preserve">isq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19828" xml:space="preserve">pertere-
                <lb/>
              batus uti ex decurſu tubulus nouiſsimus in lapide coagmentetur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19829" xml:space="preserve">primus ſimiliter librati uentris
                <lb/>
              in cauo ſaxi rubri hæreat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19830" xml:space="preserve">primus expreſsionis, ad eundem modum coagmentetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19831" xml:space="preserve">Ita librata pla-
                <lb/>
              nitia tubulorum, ac decurſus, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19832" xml:space="preserve">expreſsionis, non extolletur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19833" xml:space="preserve">Namq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19834" xml:space="preserve">uehemens ſpiritus in aquæ du-
                <lb/>
              ctione ſolet naſci, ita ut etiam ſaxa perrumpat, niſi primum leniter, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19835" xml:space="preserve">parce a capite aqua immitta-
                <lb/>
              tur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19836" xml:space="preserve">in geniculis, aut uerſuris alligationibus, aut pondere ſaburræ contineantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19837" xml:space="preserve">Reliqua omnia uti
                <lb/>
              fiſtulis plumbeis, ita ſunt collocanda. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19838" xml:space="preserve">Item cum primo aqua a capite immittitur ante fauilla immitte-
                <lb/>
              tur, uti coagmenta ſi qua ſunt non ſatis oblita, fauilla oblinantur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s19839" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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