Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21465" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="283" file="514.01.315" n="315" rhead="NONVS."/>
              circamare, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21466" xml:space="preserve">terram, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21467" xml:space="preserve">motus fiat per axis cardines extremos, multis rationibus comprobatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21468" xml:space="preserve">Nam ſi
                <lb/>
              cælum omnia complectitur, omnem occupat locum, omne ſpatium terminat, ſi alio modo, quàm in orbem mo-
                <lb/>
              ueretur, certe aut ſpatium, aut inane extra ſe relinqueret, quod a ratione est alienum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21469" xml:space="preserve">Præterea multa ſunt,
                <lb/>
              per quæ cognoſcimus cælum in orbem ferri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21470" xml:space="preserve">quod ſimili figura ſuæ motioni conſter, quorum plena ſunt uo-
                <lb/>
              lumina, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21471" xml:space="preserve">experimenta quotidie fiunt inftrumentis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21472" xml:space="preserve">quoniam continuam motionem cernimus in partem
                <lb/>
              unam, ideo firmiſsima ſigna duo imagmamur oppoſita, continua linea coniuncta, per quæ uoluatur cælum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21473" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              puncta illa cardines uocamus, quoniam ijs tanquam cardinibus cælum inniti, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21474" xml:space="preserve">per eos uolui uidetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21475" xml:space="preserve">lineam
                <lb/>
              uero illam axem nominamus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21476" xml:space="preserve">cuius extrema ſunt cardines ipſi, qui & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21477" xml:space="preserve">pol: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21478" xml:space="preserve">dicuntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21479" xml:space="preserve">Cæterum quicquid nos
                <lb/>
              de ſignis, lineis, circulisq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21480" xml:space="preserve">in cœlo dicimus, id ad euidentiorem declarationis modum dicere ſolemus, natura
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.315-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.315-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              enim in cœlo non ſunt, quod perperam nonnulli putant.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21481" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21482" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Nanqve</emph>
              in his locis naturalis poteſtas ita Architectata eſt, collocauitq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21483" xml:space="preserve">cardines tanquam centra,
                <lb/>
              unum a terra, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21484" xml:space="preserve">a mari in ſummo mundo, ac poſt ipſas ſtellas ſeptentrionum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21485" xml:space="preserve">Alterum trans contra
                <lb/>
              ſub terra in meridianis partibus, ibiq; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21486" xml:space="preserve">circum eos cardines orbiculos, tanquam circum centra, ut in
                <lb/>
              torno perfecit, qui græcè πόλοι nominantur, per quos peruolitat ſempiterno cœlum.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21487" xml:space="preserve">Ita media terra cũ
                <lb/>
              mari, centri loco naturaliter eſt collocata.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21488" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21489" xml:space="preserve">Duo ſunt cardines, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21490" xml:space="preserve">poli, qui in mundo per diametrum opponuntur, ſed quod alter ſemper ſublimis, alter
                <lb/>
              depreſſus ſit, non eſt ab ſolutè uerum, niſi ratione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21491" xml:space="preserve">reſpectu habitantium. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21492" xml:space="preserve">ideo vel ſic intelligendum est, quod
                <lb/>
              ait Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21493" xml:space="preserve">uel ſi hoc non dicit, ut ex eius uerbis apparet, cum dicat, naturalem potestatem ita Architectatam
                <lb/>
              eſſe in his locis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21494" xml:space="preserve">collocauiſſe careines tanquam centra alterum in ſummo mundo, alterum ſub terra: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21495" xml:space="preserve">nos
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.315-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.315-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              tamen ita intelligere debemus; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21496" xml:space="preserve">nam qui in medio orbe ſunt ab utroque polo pariter diſtantes, neutrum haben
                <lb/>
              ſublimiorem, ſed utrunque ad labrum horizontis collocatum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21497" xml:space="preserve">Non minus qui ultra medium incolunt polum,
                <lb/>
              ab illa parte ſubl imem habent, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21498" xml:space="preserve">a noſtra, qui citra medium incolimus depreſſum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21499" xml:space="preserve">noſter cardo illis me-
                <lb/>
              ridianus eſt, quemadmodum eorum nobis meridianus eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21500" xml:space="preserve">Ergo ſitus huiuſmodi ratione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21501" xml:space="preserve">reſpectu non ab-
                <lb/>
              ſolutè intelligendus eſt, nam ut Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21502" xml:space="preserve">ait, terra, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21503" xml:space="preserve">mare in medio centri loco naturaliter collocatur, quare
                <lb/>
              ſequitur, ut aliquibus regionibus polus extollatur, nonnullis deprimatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21504" xml:space="preserve">alijs æquabiliter in horizontis
                <lb/>
              labro uterque collocetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21505" xml:space="preserve">Quod autem terra ſit in medio ut centrum, patet ex eo, quod omnium astronomo-
                <lb/>
              rum conſenſu quacunque parte ſit homo, ſemper eius finitor ac terminator dimidium cælum partitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21506" xml:space="preserve">organa
                <lb/>
              etiam quibus utimur, nobis æquè inſeruiunt, ac ſi in centro eſſemus collocati. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21507" xml:space="preserve">paritas dierum arguit terram in
                <lb/>
              medio collocari, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21508" xml:space="preserve">multa alia, quæ ab astronomis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21509" xml:space="preserve">mathematicis ſubtiliſſimè colliguntur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21510" xml:space="preserve">Velociſſimus
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.315-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.315-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              autem cæli motus ex curſu Solis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21511" xml:space="preserve">Lunæ, reliquorumq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21512" xml:space="preserve">ſyderum apertè deprehenditur.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21513" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21514" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">His</emph>
              natura diſpoſitis ita uti Septentrionali parte a terra excelſius habeat altitudine centrum, in
                <lb/>
              Meridiana autem parte inferioribus locis ſubiectum ea terra obſcuretur, tunc etiam per mediũ tranſ-
                <lb/>
              uerſa, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21515" xml:space="preserve">inclinata in meridiem circuli delata zona duodecim ſignis eſt conformata, quæ eorum ſpecies
                <lb/>
              ſtellis diſpoſitis, duodecim partibus peræquatis, exprimit de pictam a natura figurationem.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21516" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21517" xml:space="preserve">Cum multa breuiter explicare Delit Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21518" xml:space="preserve">ſubobſcurus eſt, quare dilucidius ab his me expediam. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21519" xml:space="preserve">Cum ui-
                <lb/>
              derent antiqui certam & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21520" xml:space="preserve">contimentem cæli motionem ab oriente in occaſum, duos cardines, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21521" xml:space="preserve">axem certis in
                <lb/>
              locis inuenerunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21522" xml:space="preserve">cum uero motum Solis annuum perſpexiſſent, uidiſſentq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21523" xml:space="preserve">Solem modo in una, modo in altera
                <lb/>
              horizontis parte oriri, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21524" xml:space="preserve">in meridie quandoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21525" xml:space="preserve">uertici noſtro magis imminere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21526" xml:space="preserve">interim depreſſiorem eſſe,
                <lb/>
              diesq́;</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21527" xml:space="preserve">, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21528" xml:space="preserve">noctes æquabiliter uariare, uiam Solis inuenerunt, per quam Sol quotidiano curſu permeando, om-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.315-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.315-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              nem illam mutationem ſubiectam ſenſui facere ſolet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21529" xml:space="preserve">Non minus animaduertentes aliorum planetarum cur-
                <lb/>
              ſum inſequi Solis iter, ſed non ita ſemper æquabiliter ab eo abeſſe, uiæ Solis & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21530" xml:space="preserve">reliquorum errantium ſyderũ
                <lb/>
              nomen dedere, atque eam zonam appellarunt, nam quemadmodum zona cingendo non ſolum circumflecti-
                <lb/>
              tur, ſed latitudinem quandam habet, ita errantium uia lata & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21531" xml:space="preserve">circularis eſſecta eſt, ex una parte in unum,ex
                <lb/>
              alia in alterum polorum inclinare, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21532" xml:space="preserve">orbem uniuerſum circumplecti. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21533" xml:space="preserve">In ea etiam cognouere aliquas ſtellarum
                <lb/>
              figurationes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21534" xml:space="preserve">quaſi ſocietates, unde ſignorum nomen inuentum eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21535" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21536" xml:space="preserve">quoniam duodecim ſunt deprehenſæ
                <lb/>
              huiuſmodi imagines, ideo duodecim ſigna, quæ Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21537" xml:space="preserve">duode cim per æquatis partibus tribuit, quoniam triginta
                <lb/>
              gradibus ſingulæ conſtanta, eſſe dixere: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21538" xml:space="preserve">Planetarum uia zodiacus uel ſignifer a ſignis eſt nominata. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21539" xml:space="preserve">Via uero
                <lb/>
              Solis ecliptica decta est, quoniam in ipſa Sole & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21540" xml:space="preserve">Luna constitutis certis in partibus defectus, qui eclipſis di-
                <lb/>
              citur, eorum ſyderum ſieri Solet. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21541" xml:space="preserve">Habet uero latitudinem ſignifer, quoniam errantium curſus id exigit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21542" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.315-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.315-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              quemadmodum circulus omnis imaginatiove conſtare dicitur partibus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21543" xml:space="preserve">360. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21544" xml:space="preserve">quæ gradus uocatur, ita etiam
                <lb/>
              ſigniferi ambitus eandem partium diuiſionem habere putatur, in ſigniferi latitudine media eſt uia Solis, ſed li-
                <lb/>
              neæ extretmæ ſigniferi latitudinis ab ecliptica distant utrinque ſexgradus, ita ut uniuerſa ſigniferi latitudo
                <lb/>
              conſtet duodenis partibus, ultra quas errantia ſydera permeare non ſolent, licet Venerem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21545" xml:space="preserve">Martem ob
                <lb/>
              amplitudiuem epicyclorum quandoque exire cognouerint aſtrorum contemplatores, ſed id perraro fieri ſolet,
                <lb/>
              quæ res forte occaſionem fabulæ Martis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21546" xml:space="preserve">Veneris dediſſe dicitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21547" xml:space="preserve">Signifer etiam uocatur obliquus circu-
                <lb/>
              lus, quia non æqualiter ſecundum ſuas partes aſcendit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21548" xml:space="preserve">deſcendit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21549" xml:space="preserve">quoniam non æque omnibus ſuis par-
                <lb/>
              tibus a polis abest, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21550" xml:space="preserve">demum, quia reliquos circulos non ad rectos angulos abſcindit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21551" xml:space="preserve">Sed quod Vitru. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21552" xml:space="preserve">ait.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21553" xml:space="preserve">{His natura diſpoſitis, } hoc certe non natura conſtat, ſed horizontis ratione, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21554" xml:space="preserve">reſpectu quodam,( ut dixi-
                <lb/>
              mus,) quanquam natura cælum in his punctis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21555" xml:space="preserve">cardinibus firmetnr {Zona duodecim ſignis conſormata.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21556" xml:space="preserve">}
                <lb/>
              Huius zonæ proprietates ſunt hæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21557" xml:space="preserve">primum est lata, postea inclinata, inde duodecim ſignis conformata, licet
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.315-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.315-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
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